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Bingkui Jin,Junewoo Lee,Seungan Kweon,Youngwoo Cho,Youngmi Choi,Sung Joong Lee,박영훈 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.3
Fourteen watermelon cultivars with diff erent fruit fl esh colors (red, salmon yellow, orange, and canary yellow) were analyzedfor carotenoid contents (prolycopene, lycopene, β-carotene, ζ-carotene, and neoxanthin). Genes encoding the carotenoidbiosynthesis enzymes carotenoid isomerase (encoded by CRTISO ), which catalyzes the isomerization of prolycopene tolycopene, and β-carotene hydroxylase ( CHYB ), which catalyzes the conversion of β-carotene to xanthophyll, were alsoanalyzed. High-performance liquid chromatography showed that the salmon yellow and orange fl esh accumulated eitherprolycopene (orange-P fl esh) or β-carotene (orange-β fl esh), whereas lycopene and neoxanthin were the main carotenoids inthe red and canary yellow fl esh, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that CRTISO andCHYB were mainly expressed during fruit maturation, regardless of the fl esh color, and there was no signifi cant associationbetween diff erential gene expression and fl esh color. Importantly, transcript sequencing revealed a non-synonymous singlenucleotidemismatch (T > C 1976 ) in exon 13 of CRTISO between orange-P-fl eshed and other cultivars, suggesting CRTISO asa candidate gene for high prolycopene accumulation. However, in β-carotene-accumulating cultivars, there were no mutationsin CHYB transcripts. A cleaved amplifi ed polymorphic sequence marker was developed for T > C 1976 , and its applicabilityfor marker-assisted selection of orange-P fl esh was validated in 105 watermelon accessions.
Bingkui Jin,Girim Park,Youngmi Choi,Jaejong Nho,Beunggu Son,Younghoon Park 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.1
Modern watermelon cultivars (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum.& Nakai var. lanatus ) have fruits with diverse phenotypes, including fruit shape, rind patterns, and flesh color. Molecular markers enable efficient selection of plants harboring desirable phenotypes. In the present study, publicly available DNA markers tightly linked to fruit shape, rind stripe pattern, and flesh color were evaluated using 85 watermelon accessions with diverse fruit phenotypes. For fruit shape, the dCAPS SUN - Cla011257 marker revealed an 81% of marker - trait match for accessions with elongated or round fruits. For rind stripe pattern, the SCAR wsb6-11marker was effective for selecting Jubilee-type rind pattern from other rind patterns. For flesh color, the Clcyb.600 and Lcyb markers derived from a mutation in the Lycopene β - cyclase (Lcyb) gene, were effective at selecting red or yellow flesh. Forty-eight accessions possessing diverse fruit - related traits were selected as a reference array and their genetic relationships assessed using 16 SSR markers. At a coefficient of 0.11, the 48 accessions grouped into two major clades: Clade I and Clade II. Clade I subdivided further into subclades I - 1 and I - 2 at a coefficient of 0.39. All accessions with colored flesh were classified into Clade I, whereas those with white - flesh were classified into Clade II. Differences in fruit traits between subclades I - 1 and I - 2 were observed for rind pattern and fruit color; a majority of the accessions with Crimson-type striped or non-striped rind were grouped together in subclade I - 1, while most accessions in subclade I - 2 had a Jubilee - type rind stripe pattern. These results imply that reference array watermelon accessions possess distinguishable genetic structure based on rind stripe pattern. However, no significant grouping pattern was observed based on other fruit-related traits.
A Study on Geometry Design of Spiral Bevel Gears based on Conjugate Curves
Bingkui Chen,Dong Liang,Zhaoyang Li 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
A study on geometry design of spiral bevel gears based on conjugate curves is put forward in this paper. According to the theory of conjugate curves, generation principle and mathematical model of spiral bevel gears are developed for a given spiral bevel curve. The meshing equation in the given contact position for conjugate curves is derived. Tubular meshing surfaces contacting along the orientation of designated contact angle are proposed to build up the circular-arc tooth profiles, which inherit all properties of conjugate curves. Numerical example is illustrated for this research including the computerized simulation of three dimensional models and analysis of meshing characteristics. Theoretical and numerical results demonstrate the feasibility and correctness of conjugate curves theory. Compared with general spiral bevel gears, this novel gear is different in the viewpoints of meshing and generation principles. And it is expected to have more excellent transmission performance which will be further studied in future.
Bingkui Jin,Joonyup Kim,Jaemin Jung,Daeun Kim,Younghoon Park 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.1
The SUN gene is responsible for an elongated fruit shape in tomato and belongs to the IQ domain (IQD) gene family, which is involved in growth and development in plants. In the present study, IQD gene homologs were evaluated for their roles in determining fruit shape in cucurbit crops. A total of 151 IQD homologs and their chromosomal locations in Arabidopsis, tomato, and three cucurbit species, watermelon, melon, and cucumber, were compared based on their genomic information. A phylogenetic dendrogram of these IQD homologs revealed putative orthologous and paralogous relationships among these genes, and showed that previously reported candidate fruit shape IQD genes in watermelon (ClSUN8), melon (CmSUN14), and cucumber (CsSUN2) were clustered under the same node with a similarity coefficient of 0.97. A comparison of the physical locations of the IQD homologs with fruit shape QTLs in genetic maps indicated that ClSUN8, CmSUN14, and CsSUN2 were co-localized with the major QTLs for the fruit shape index (FSI). This co-localization further indicated that minor QTLs for FSI were also associated with the IQD gene family. We used early developmental stages of immature fruits to conduct a morphological assay and characterize ClSUN8 in watermelon. Histological analysis indicated that elongated or round fruit shape is determined at the early stage of ovary formation, at least earlier than -4 days after fertilization (-4 DAF), and fruit elongation is due to increased cell division in the longitudinal direction. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the highest expression of ClSUN8 occurred at -4 days after fertilization and gradually decreased; however, there was no direct relationship between the gene expression level and fruit shape. RACE-PCR revealed a non-synonymous SNP between the ClSUN8 alleles of elongated- and round-fruited watermelon accessions, suggesting that the SNP might be a causative mutation affecting fruit shape.
Piao,Bingkui,Wang,Leyu,Bi,Zhenchun,Li,Gongshu,Cho,Chongkwan,Lin,Hongsheng INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE KYUNG-HEE UNIVERSIT 1997 JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE Vol.2 No.1
Background : The complex prescription of Huoxue Huayu is effective anti-metastasis drug for lung cancer by the clinic, and further basic experiments showed that it decreased the activity Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and increased the active of its inhibitor PAI-1 so as to impede matrix degradation and inhibit metastasis. In addition, nm23 gene has also been closely related to the course of carcinoma matastasis. Method: The trial involved 42 patients with stage I-III a lung carcinoma, 20 patients in the treated group, and 22 patients in the controlled group. All 20 patients in the treated group receives the complex prescription of Huoxue Huayu for 10 days preoperation. Using immunohistochemical assay, we observed u-PA, PAI-1 and nm23 expression in the tumor center, margin, stroma and normal lung tissue in lung carcinoma. Results : In the treated group, the uPA-positive rates in the center, margin and stroma of the tumor were 60%(12/20), 55%(11/20), and 20%(4/20) respectively The PAI-1-positive rates were 95%(19/20), 95%(19/20), and 65%(13/20) respectively. In the controlled group, the uPA-positive rates were 63.64%(14/22), 50%(11/22), 31.82%(7/22), and PaI-positive rates were 59.09%(13/22), 77.27%(17/22), and 59.10%(13/22) respectively in the same tumor site. The tumor nm23-positive rates in the controlled group were 45.45%(10/22); but in the treated group, the tumor nm23-positive rates were 65%(13/20). In the controlled group, the expression of u-PAI-1 in tumor and stroma of No was higher than u-PA; The expression of u-PA in N2 was higher than No; and the expression of PAI-1 in N2 was less than No. In LNM-patients, the expression of PAI-1 was high and u-P low. On the contrary, LNM+patients showed high expression of u-PA and low expression of PAI-1. In the treated group, the expression of the margin and strom a in No was higher than u-PA(P<0.01), the expression of u-PA weakened and PAI-1 enhanced, which, however, showed no significance compared with N2 of the controlled group of with NO of the treated group. The result suggested that the relationship of expression between N2 and No in the treated group differed from the controlled. In the controlled group, the positive expression of the nm23 gene was higher in LNM-patients than in LNM=. In the treated group, the positive rate of nm23 was higher in LNM-patients than in LNM+. In the treated group, the positive rate of nm23 was higher than the controlled group, whether LNM-or not. However in both groups the cases were few and statistical analysis was not different. Conclusion : In summary, the mechanism by which the prescription consisting mainly of Huoxue Huayu inhibits metastasis of lung carcinoma may be due to the impediment of enzyme degradation during metastasis.
Dong Liang,Bingkui Chen,Yane Gao 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Theoretical and experimental investigations on parallel-axis gears with tubular meshing surfaces are performed in this study. Based on theory of conjugate curves, the parametric design for tubular tooth profiles is provided and solid models are established for motion simulation. Tubular meshing surfaces are evaluated according to geometric and meshing characteristics including undercutting condition, interference with engagement and curvature, calculation of sliding ratios, and successive meshing property. The meshing essence of tubular tooth surfaces is determined. The mechanics properties of tooth surfaces are analyzed using the finite element method. The contact stress, meshing law and deformation analysis of tooth surfaces are presented. The transmission efficiency experiment is based on the developed gear prototype, and a comparison of the prototype with an involute gear drive is provided. Further research on the dynamics analysis and key manufacturing technology will be conducted, and this gear drive is expected to exhibit excellent transmission performance.
Hobbing Manufacturing of New Type of Involute-Helix Gears for Wind Turbine Gearbox
Dong Liang,Bingkui Chen,Yane Gao 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.6 No.2
The involute gears are widely used in the gearbox for wind turbine. To satisfy the requirements of reduction of noise and increase of the endurance of the gear drive, the new type of involute-helix gears, which have the advantages of involute gears and circular arc gears, had been proposed. In this paper, the hobbing cutters of involute-helix gears are designed utilizing the normal section of convex and concave tooth profiles, respectively. Mathematical models of hobbing cutters are established and general products are also manufactured. Using the developed hobbing cutters, the proposed gear pair is manufactured based on the numerical control technology. Combining with the measure method of gear measuring center and the characteristic of the investigated gears, the method of error measurement of special tooth profiles is provided. The further development of special detection software for the gears will be carried out. The results will lay the foundations for the large-scale industrial practice and production applications of gear drive.
Shuai Peng,Bingkui Chen,Dong Liang,Lu-he Zhang,Si-ling Qin 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.6
An internal helical gear pair with point contact pattern based on the space meshing theory is proposed which consists of an involute internal gear and a pinion with quadratic curve profile. Particularly, the contact path of the tooth surface is selectable, which can inherit the characteristic of the surface. Moreover, this type of internal gear pair has lower sensitivity to assembly errors. The generation principle and mathematical model is presented. The motion simulation and adaptability to center distance error of the internal gear pair are discussed. The gear pair is manufactured. Based on the mathematical model and tooth contact analysis (TCA) method, the locations of contact points and kinematic errors are determined under different center distance variation and axial misalignments. The simulated results reveal that the locations of contact points of the gear and pinion change under assembly errors. Little kinematic error occurs under axial misalignment. No edge contact occurs under any assembly error condition. Experiment study is performed and the result is consistent with the theoretical analysis.