Comparison of a Fistulectomy and a Fistulotomy with Marsupialization in the Management of a Simple Anal Fistula: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Trial

Bhupendra Kumar Jain,Kumar Vaibhaw,Pankaj Kumar Garg,Sanjay Gupta,Debajyoti Mohanty 대한대장항문학회 2012 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.28 No.2

Purpose: This randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare a fistulectomy and a fistulotomy with marsupialization in the management of a simple anal fistula. Methods: Forty patients with simple anal fistula were randomized into two groups. Fistulous tracts were managed by using a fistulectomy (group A) while a fistulotomy with marsupialization was performed in group B. The primary outcome measure was wound healing time while secondary outcome measures were operating time, postoperative wound size, postoperative pain, wound infection, anal incontinence, recurrence and patient satisfaction. Results: Postoperative wounds in group B healed earlier in comparison to group A wounds (4.85 ± 1.39 weeks vs. 6.75 ±1.83 weeks, P = 0.035). No significant differences existed between the operating times (28.00 ± 6.35 minutes vs. 28.20 ± 6.57minutes, P = 0.925) and visual analogue scale scores for postoperative pain on the first postoperative day (4.05 ± 1.47 vs. 4.50 ± 1.32, P = 0.221) for the two groups. Postoperative wounds were larger in group A than in group B (2.07 ± 0.1.90 cm2vs.1.23 ± 0.87 cm2), however this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.192). Wound discharge was observed for a significantly longer duration in group A than in group B (4.10 ± 1.91 weeks vs. 2.75 ± 1.71 weeks, P = 0.035). There were no differences in social and sexual activities after surgery between the patients of the two groups. No patient developed anal incontinence or recurrence during the follow-up period of twelve weeks. Conclusion: In comparison to a fistulectomy, a fistulotomy with marsupialization results in faster healing and a shorter duration of wound discharge without increasing the operating time. Purpose: This randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare a fistulectomy and a fistulotomy with marsupialization in the management of a simple anal fistula. Methods: Forty patients with simple anal fistula were randomized into two groups. Fistulous tracts were managed by using a fistulectomy (group A) while a fistulotomy with marsupialization was performed in group B. The primary outcome measure was wound healing time while secondary outcome measures were operating time, postoperative wound size, postoperative pain, wound infection, anal incontinence, recurrence and patient satisfaction. Results: Postoperative wounds in group B healed earlier in comparison to group A wounds (4.85 ± 1.39 weeks vs. 6.75 ±1.83 weeks, P = 0.035). No significant differences existed between the operating times (28.00 ± 6.35 minutes vs. 28.20 ± 6.57minutes, P = 0.925) and visual analogue scale scores for postoperative pain on the first postoperative day (4.05 ± 1.47 vs. 4.50 ± 1.32, P = 0.221) for the two groups. Postoperative wounds were larger in group A than in group B (2.07 ± 0.1.90 cm2vs.1.23 ± 0.87 cm2), however this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.192). Wound discharge was observed for a significantly longer duration in group A than in group B (4.10 ± 1.91 weeks vs. 2.75 ± 1.71 weeks, P = 0.035). There were no differences in social and sexual activities after surgery between the patients of the two groups. No patient developed anal incontinence or recurrence during the follow-up period of twelve weeks. Conclusion: In comparison to a fistulectomy, a fistulotomy with marsupialization results in faster healing and a shorter duration of wound discharge without increasing the operating time.

Near infrared and visible luminescence in transparent (Er, Yb)-α-sialon ceramics under 980 nm laser irradiation

Bhupendra Joshi,KSHETRI YUWARAJ KHATRI,Gobinda Gyawali,이수원 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.3

The novel Er3+ and Yb3+ doped transparent Sialon ceramics were fabricated by hot pressing sintering method as a nearinfrared (NIR) as well as visible luminescent material. The optical transmittance, down-conversion luminescence and NIRluminescence were investigated. The samples show around 30% transmittance in visible region whereas 70% in IR regionaround 3000 nm. The samples were excited within the range of 350-400 nm wavelength, the highest emission was in greenregion (~ 550 nm). Also, the upconversion luminescence depending upon the thicknesses of the samples in the green and redregion have been investigated. The NIR luminescence was observed around 1524 nm wavelength under 980 nm wavelengthirradiation. The decay time profiles have been investigated for higher Er3+ concentration and higher Yb3+ co-doped with Er3+α-Sialon samples. In this study, the addition of Yb3+ has poor sensitizing effect on Er3+ ion to enhance the luminescence.

Understanding the luminescence in Yb3+ co-doped Sialon: Eu2+/Eu3+ transparent phosphor ceramic plate

Bhupendra Joshi,GYAWALI GOBINDA 한국세라믹학회 2022 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.59 No.3

The transparent Sialon phosphor ceramic plates were fabricated with varying amounts of Yb2O3 and Eu2O3. The hot press sintering technique was used to sinter the compact powders. The fabricated samples with the highest Yb2O3 concentration (10 wt%) and lowest Eu2O3 concentration (1 wt%) show a dominant α-Sialon phase, whereas the highest Eu2O3 (8 wt%) and lowest Yb2O3 (3 wt%) containing sample shows composite α/β-Sialon phases as confirmed by the XRD analysis. The light transmittance was measured for 0.1 mm thick samples. The maximum light transmission of 60% was observed at 800 nm wavelength for the highest Yb2O3 added Sialon ceramics. Also, the higher Yb2O3 and lower Eu2O3 containing samples show a sharp orange luminescence at 590 nm, attributed to the parity allowed magnetic dipole induced 5D0 → 7F1 transition of the Eu3+. These samples also produced upconversion luminescence as irradiated by 980 nm wavelength. The sample with the highest Eu2O3 addition exhibits broad greenish-yellow down-conversion emission with a sharp emission at 590 nm for composite α/β-Sialon phases. The recorded broad emission ranges from green to red, offering a wide spectrum of visible light for lighting applications.

Template free facile synthesis of mesoporous mordenite for bulky molecular catalytic reactions

Bhupendra Kumar Singh,김용선,백승빈,Abhishek Meena,Siraj Sultan,곽자훈,김광수 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.57 No.-

The synthesis of highly stable mesoporous zeolites is one of the great challenges in materials science. Soft and hard templating methods have widely been applied to synthesize mesoporous zeolites having different pore diameters and structures. Here, we report a facile and template free hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous mordenite (MOR) by controlling synthesis conditions. The small nanoparticles of ∼50–80 nm were self-assembled into 2–3 μm MOR. Intracrystalline mesopores of ∼3–5 nm were abundantly observed throughout the MOR nanoparticles. Synthesized mesoporous MOR demonstrated significantly improved catalytic efficiencies (∼100%), 3–5 times higher than its conventional counterparts (CBV 10A and CBV 21).

The Performance and Emissions Analysis of a Multi Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine with Gasoline LPG & CNG

Bhupendra Singh Chauhan,Haeng Muk Cho 한국가스학회 2011 한국가스학회지 Vol.15 No.4

The introduction of alternative fuels is beneficial to overcome the fuel shortage and reduce engine exhaust emissions. LPG and CNG are relatively clean fuel and considered as most promising alternative automotive fuels worldwide because of its emission reduction potential and lower fuel price compared to gasoline. Now a day’s adaptation of dual fuel approach is the growing as common trend. The two fuels can be successfully implemented with existing gasoline engine with little modification. The present study was done to analyze the performance and emissions analysis of a multi cylinder spark ignition engine fuelled with the benefits of CNG and LPG aseffective alternate automotive fuels by simply using them in an unmodified petrol engine. The test results indicate, the energy content of CNG and LPG is the most limiting factor in acceptance for fuel economy and performance reasons. Thermal efficiency was high for CNG lowest for gasoline and LPG between the two. BSFC, CO and HC were low and NOx was high for CNG and low for gasoline, LPG lies between the two.

Ce3+ and Eu2+ doped Sialon dual phosphor ceramic plates for white light emitting diodes

Bhupendra Joshi,Gobinda Gyawali 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.6

Recent studies on transparent polycrystalline phosphor ceramic plates (PCPs) show its potential application in high brightnesslaser lighting. Herein, we explore the luminescence properties of Ce3+ cation in transparent Sialon phosphor ceramic plate. Thegreen luminescence was observed in Ce3+ doped Sialon PCP as excited by the 390 nm wavelength. Also, the redshift ofemissions was observed when the excitation wavelength was modulated from UV to blue light. The matrix phases and latticeparameters of Sialon PCPs were analyzed by XRD. The co-doping of Y3+ cations resulted a composite α/β-Sialon phase whiledoping with Gd3+ produced a higher α-Sialon phase. Higher transparency was observed with Gd3+ co-doped sample withgreenish-yellow luminescence under blue light excitation. The optical properties of Gd-α-Sialon: Eu2+ was also investigated. Moreover, a broadband white light was obtained after placing Gd-α-Sialon: Eu2+ on the top of the Gd3+/Ce3+ doped Sialon asa dual plate under blue LED excitation.

Prey species modify interactions within two predator conspecific and heterospecific combinations: A case study using two sympatric Coccinella species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Bhupendra Kumar,Geetanjali Mishra,Omkar 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.2

Multiple interactions (antagonistic/additive/synergistic) occurring within predatory combinations, determine the suitability of combinations in suppressing the aphid pests. In the present study such interactionswithin larval (fourth instars) and adult (10-day old females) combinations were assessed using two aphidophagous ladybird beetles — Coccinella septempunctata (L.)/C7 and Coccinella transversalis (F.)/Ct, on pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), bean aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch andmustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach). Experiments were conducted to study the influence of prey species on predatory interactions of ladybirds kept within conspecific/ heterospecific combinations; and to test the hypothesis whether predatory combinations tested on one prey specieswould perform equally on the other prey species. Results revealed that the performance of predators within combinations varied on different prey. Larval Ct+Ct and C7+Ct combinations had additive effects on L. erysimi and antagonistic effects on A. pisum and A. craccivora. Similarly, adult Ct+Ct combination exhibited an additive effect on A. craccivora and antagonistic effects on A. pisum and L. erysimi. Moreover, heterospecific combinations inflicted higher prey consumption, and had a higher conversion efficiency and body biomass gain than conspecific combinations; and despite causing higher prey consumption, adult combinations showed lower conversion efficiencies and body biomass gain than the larval combinations. Thus, efficacy of predatory combinations needs to be tested on target prey prior to the release of predatory combinations in the fields. Moreover, multi-species assemblages of ladybirds may provide better biological control of aphids compared to single species.

Performance and emission studies on an agriculture engine on neat Jatropha oil

Bhupendra Singh Chauhan,Naveen Kumar,조행묵 대한기계학회 2010 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.24 No.2

Diesel engines have proven their utility in the transportation, agriculture, and power sectors in India. They are also potential sources of decentralized energy generation for rural electrification. Concerns on the long-term availability of petroleum diesel and the stringent environmental norms have mandated the search for a renewable alternative to diesel fuel to address these problems. Vegetable oils have been considered good alternatives to diesel in the past couple of years. However, there are many issues related to the use of vegetable oils in diesel engine. Jatropha curcas has been promoted in India as a sustainable substitute to diesel fuel. This study aims to develop a dual fuel engine test rig for evaluating the potential suitability of Jatropha oil as diesel fuel and for determining the performance and emission characteristics of an engine with Jatropha oil. The experimental results suggest that engine performance using Jatropha oil is slightly inferior to that of diesel fuel. The thermal efficiency of the engine was lower, while the brake-specific fuel consumption was higher with Jatropha oil compared with diesel fuel. The levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from Jatropha oil during the entire duration of the experiment were lower than those of diesel fuel. The reduction of NOx was found to be an important characteristic of Jatropha oil as NOx emission is the most harmful gaseous emission from engines; as such, its reduction is always the goal of engine researchers and makers. During the entire experiment, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the case of using Jatropha oil were higher than when diesel fuel was used. The higher density and viscosity of Jatropha oil causes lower thermal efficiency and higher brakespecific fuel consumption. The performance and emission characteristics found in this study are significant for the study of replacing diesel fuel from fossils with Jatropha oil in rural India, where the availability of diesel has always been a problem.

Cerium Pyrophosphate-based Proton-conducting Ceramic Electrolytes for Low Temperature Fuel Cells

Bhupendra Singh,김지혜,임하니,송선주 한국세라믹학회 2014 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.51 No.4

Acceptor-doped cerium pyrophosphates have shown significant proton conductivity of >10-2 S cm-1 in the range of 100 - 300oCand are considered promising candidates for use as electrolytes in proton-conducting, ceramic electrolyte fuel cells (PCFCs). But,cerium pyrophosphates themselves do not have structural protons, and protons incorporate into their material bulk only as impuritieson exposure to a hydrogen-containing atmosphere. However, proton incorporation and proton conduction in these materialsare expected to be affected by factors such as the nature (ionic size and charge) and concentration of the aliovalent dopant, processinghistory (synthesis route and microstructure), and the presence of residual phosphorous phosphate (PmOn) phases. An exactunderstanding of these aspects has not yet been achieved, leading to large differences in the magnitude of proton conductivity ofcerium pyrophosphates reported in various studies. Herein, we systematically address some of these aspects, and present anoverview of factors affecting proton conductivity inacceptor-doped CeP2O7.

A Study on Experiment of CNG as a Clean Fuel for Automobiles in Korea

Bhupendra Singh Chauhan,Haeng Muk Cho 한국대기환경학회 2010 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.26 No.5