Galerie Bhak : Korea's Art Galleries

Jung Hoon Curator, Galerie Bhak The Korea Foundation 2001 Koreana (English) Vol.15 No.4

High-Density Single-Layer Coating of Gold Nanoparticles onto Multiple Substrates by Using an Intrinsically Disordered Protein of α-Synuclein for Nanoapplications

Bhak, Ghibom,Lee, Junghee,Kim, Chang-Hyun,Chung, Dong Young,Kang, Jin Hyoun,Oh, Soojung,Lee, Jungsup,Kang, Jin Soo,Yoo, Ji Mun,Yang, Jee Eun,Rhoo, Kun Yil,Park, Sunghak,Lee, Somin,Nam, Ki Tae,Jeon, No American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.10

<P>Functional graffiti of nanoparticles onto target surface is an important issue in the development of nanodevices. A general strategy has been introduced here to decorate chemically diverse substrates with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the form of a close-packed single layer by using an omni-adhesive protein of a-synuclein (alpha S) as conjugated with the particles. Since the adsorption was highly sensitive to pH, the amino acid sequence of aS exposed from the conjugates and its conformationally disordered state capable of exhibiting structural plasticity are considered to be responsible for the single-layer coating over diverse surfaces. Merited by the simple solution-based adsorption procedure, the particles have been imprinted to various geometric shapes in 2-D and physically inaccessible surfaces of 3-D objects. The alpha S-encapsulated AuNPs to form a high-density single-layer coat has been employed in the development of nonvolatile memory, fule-cell, solar-cell, and cell-culture platform, where the outlying aS has played versatile roles such as a dielectric layer for charge retention, a sacrificial layer to expose AuNPs for chemical catalysis, a reaction center for silicification, and biointerface for cell attachment, respectively. Multiple utilizations of the alpha S-based hybrid NPs, therefore, could offer great versatility to fabricate a variety of NP-integrated advanced materials which would serve as an indispensable component for widespread applications of high-performance nanodevices.</P>

Molecular inscription of environmental information into protein suprastructures: temperature effects on unit assembly of α-synuclein oligomers into polymorphic amyloid fibrils.

Bhak, Ghibom,Lee, Junghee,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Lee, Soonkoo,Lee, Daekyun,Paik, Seung R Biochemical Society 2014 Biochemical journal Vol.464 No.2

<P>Molecular-level storage of environmental information in biological structures in tangible forms, and their subsequent transfer to the next generation, has been studied using the phenomenon of amyloidogenesis, which defines a biochemical condition generating highly ordered protein aggregates known as amyloid fibrils. α-Synuclein oligomers shown to experience unit assembly as the formation of amyloid fibrils were used in the present study as an environment-sensing agent. With temperature varying in 2 C intervals between 37 C and 43 C, the oligomeric unit assembly led to fibrillar polymorphism from a straight to a curly appearance, as assessed using TEM and small-angle neutron scattering; the different effects on the secondary structures were evaluated using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The resulting diversified amyloid fibrils, which have distinctive molecular characteristics, were shown to be inherited by the next generation through the self-propagating property of amyloidogenesis. Storage of intangible temperature information in the diversified protein suprastructures and perpetuation of the stored information in the form of polymorphic amyloid fibrils could represent molecular inscription of environmental information into biological systems; this could further extend our understanding of any physiological/pathological significance of amyloidogenic polymorphism and be utilized in the area of nanobiotechnology to process various external signals.</P>

Personal Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Variomics

Bhak, Jong,Ghang, Ho,Reja, Rohit,Kim, Sang-Soo Korea Genome Organization 2008 Genomics & informatics Vol.6 No.4

In 2008 at least five complete genome sequences are available. It is known that there are over 15,000,000 genetic variants, called SNPs, in the dbSNP database. The cost of full genome sequencing in 2009 is claimed to be less than $5000 USD. The genomics era has arrived in 2008. This review introduces technologies, bioinformatics, genomics visions, and variomics projects. Variomics is the study of the total genetic variation in an individual and populations. Research on genetic variation is the most valuable among many genomics research branches. Genomics and variomics projects will change biology and the society so dramatically that biology will become an everyday technology like personal computers and the internet. 'BioRevolution' is the term that can adequately describe this change.

Damage-free surface treatment of polyethersulfone films using magnetized plasma generated by low-frequency (60 Hz) power

Bhak, Jong-Goo,Kim, Hong Tak,Kim, Chan,Rhee, Ilsu Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.645 No.1

<P>Surface treatments of polyethersulfone (PES) films were performed using the magnetized plasma generated by low-frequency (60Hz) power for applying them to the flexible substrates of solar cells and electronic displays. The contact angle between the water droplet and PES films was observed to change from 80 degrees to 30 degrees after the plasma treatment. This indicates that the surface of the PES films changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The surface roughness of the films did not change after the plasma treatment, and this indicates that the magnetized plasma did not damage the surface of the films. The trapping of energetic particles by the magnetic field is thought to be responsible for this result. It is concluded that the plasma treatment by using the magnetized plasma is useful for the surface modification of the polymeric materials suitable for flexible substrates of solar cells and electronic displays.</P>

The Atom of Evolution

Bhak, Jonghwa,Bolser, Dan,Park, Daeui,Cho, Yoobok,Yoo, Kiesuk,Lee, Semin,Gong, SungSam,Jang, Insoo,Park, Changbum,Huston, Maryana,Choi, Hwanho Korea Genome Organization 2004 Genomics & informatics Vol.2 No.4

The main mechanism of evolution is that biological entities change, are selected, and reproduce. We propose a different concept in terms of the main agent or atom of evolution: in the biological world, not an individual object, but its interactive network is the fundamental unit of evolution. The interaction network is composed of interaction pairs of information objects that have order information. This indicates a paradigm shift from 3D biological objects to an abstract network of information entities as the primary agent of evolution. It forces us to change our views about how organisms evolve and therefore the methods we use to analyze evolution.

자연치유 관점에서 동서양의 건강 진단법에 대한 비교분석

박진영(Bhak Jin Young),오정숙(Oh Jeong Suk),장석종(Jang Seok Jong) 한국자연치유교육학회 2019 자연치유교육학회지 Vol.3 No.1

서양의학과 동양의학의 기본적 개념을 보면 서양의학은 인체를 기관과 조직, 혈액, 그리고 림프액 등으로 세분화시켜서 관찰하고, 병소(병이 있는 부분)의 국소적인 부분을 중심으로 분석하여 치료한다. 진단검사는 환자로부터 채취한 혈액, 소변, 대변, 체액 및 조직 등의 검체를 이용하여 질병의 진단과 경과 관찰, 치료 및 예후 판정 등에 관련된 검사를 시행하고 해석하는 것을 중심으로 한다. 측정, 검출 대상에 따라서 혈액 일반검사, 혈액응고, 섬유소용해검사, 혈액 생화학검사, 면역혈청검사, 호르몬검사, 종양마커, 병리검사, 소변검사, 대변검사 등이 있다. 또한 다양한 기계를 사용하여 직접 몸의 기능을 조사하는 검사를 시행하고 있다. 주요 검사로는 생리학적 검사, x선 검사, CT, MRI, PET, 초음파 검사 등이 있다. 이 외에도 다양한 진단검사들이 있다. 이에 비해 동양의학은 병소만을 보는 것이 아니라, 인체를 전신이 서로 연결된 하나의 유기체로서 본다. 따라서 동양의학에서는 국소적인 치료도 하지만, 전체적인 균형을 고려하면서 치료하는 것이 특징이라 할 수 있다. 동양의학에서 질병을 진단하는 일반적인 방법으로 한의학에서 정의한 사진법을 주요한 진단법으로 활용하고 있다. 사진법(四診法)에는 망진(望診: 시각 관찰에 의해 병정(病精)의 변화를 알아내는 진단법), 문진(問診: 청각과 후각을 통해 질병의 이상 유무를 알아내는 진단법), 문진(聞診: 환자 또는 주변 사람과 대화를 통해 질병과 관련된 환경을 통해 알아보는 진단법), 절진(切診: 촉각을 통해 질병의 부위, 등을 판단하는 진단법)이 있다. 망진은 보고서 병을 아는 진단법으로 신의(神醫)라 하고, 문진(聞診)은 들어서 아는 것으로 성의(煙醫)라 하고, 문진(問診)은 물어서 아는 것으로 공의(工醫)라 하고, 절진은 맥을 짚어 아는 것으로 교의(巧醫) 라고 한다. 환자들의 몸을 진단 할 때에는 이 중에서 어느 하나의 방법만 써서는 안 된다. 보고 살피는 망진, 귀로 듣고 확인하는 문진, 묻고 답하는 문진, 만져보고 알아보는 절진의 방법을 고루 사용해야 한다. 동서양의 진단법을 서로 접목하여 통합적인 치유가 이루어진다면 질병예방과 건강유지, 증진뿐만 아니라 나아가서 국민의 행복한 삶을 영위하게 되는 지름길이 될 것으로 여겨진다. Looking at the basic concepts of western medicine and oriental medicine, Western medicine observes the human body by subdividing it into organs, tissues, blood, and lymph fluid, and analyzes and treats the local part of the lesion (the diseased part). The diagnostic test focuses on conducting and interpreting tests related to the diagnosis, progression, treatment, and prognosis of the disease using samples of blood, urine, feces, body fluids, and tissues collected from the patient. Depending on the measurement and detection target, there are general blood test, blood coagulation test, fibrinolysis test, blood biochemistry test, immunoserum test, hormone test, tumor marker, pathology test, urine test, and stool test. In addition, a variety of machines are used to directly test the function of the body. Major tests include physiological tests, x-rays, CT, MRI, PET, and ultrasound. In addition, there are various diagnostic tests. Oriental medicine sees not only lesions but also the human body as an organism in which the whole body is connected. Therefore, in oriental medicine, although local treatment, it is characterized by treatment while considering the overall balance. As a general method of diagnosing diseases in oriental medicine, 4diagnostic defined in Oriental Medicine is used as the main diagnostic method. 4diagnostic(四診法) there are Mangjin(望診), Munjin(聞診), Munjin(問診), Jeoljin(切診). Mangjin called Sin-ui(神醫) as a diagnostic method to know the disease with his eyes, Munjin understands with her ear and calls it Sung-ui(煙醫), Munjin understands through questions and calls it Gong-ui(工醫), Jeoljin understands it as a pulse and calls it Gyo-ui(巧醫). When diagnosing the patient’s body, only one of these methods should not be used. Mangjin to see and confirm, Munjin to hear and confirm with ears, Munjin to ask and confirm, and Jeoljin’s methods to touch and confirm must be integrated. Integrating the diagnosis of East-West medicine will provide a shortcut to prevent disease, maintain health, and promote the happiness of the people.

Genome analysis on very large amount of genome data from next generation sequencers

Jong Bhak 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

Bioinformatics Support for Korean Brassica rapa Genome Project by KOBIC in Collaboration with NIAB

Jong Bhak 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.38 No.1

Next generation bio-data based genome research and commercialization : GiSys

Jong Hwa BHAK 한국생물공학회 2012 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.9