Induction of IL-lα mRNA Expression by 17β-Estradiol in Normal Human Keratinocytes

( Chuluundorj Delgertsetseg ),( Seok Beom Hong ),( Young Il Kim ),( Nack In Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2004 Annals of Dermatology Vol.16 No.4

The Effect of Abdominal Visceral Fat, Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines, and Leptin Levels on Reflux Esophagitis

( Su Youn Nam ),( Il Ju Choi ),( Kum Hei Ryu ),( Bum Joon Park ),( Young Woo Kim ),( Hyun Beom Kim ),( Jeongseon Kim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims Although adipocytes secrete inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, their role in reflux esophagitis is controversial. We investigated the association between visceral fat and inflammatory cytokines or adipokines in reflux esophagitis. Methods Abdominal visceral fat and cytokines were measured in 66 individuals with reflux esophagitis and 66 age- and sex-matched controls. The mean values for visceral fat and cytokines were compared in cases and controls. Second, correlations between visceral fat and inflammatory cytokines were measured. Finally, multiple logistic regression models for odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effects of visceral fat and cytokines on reflux esophagitis. Results Visceral fat, leptin, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were higher in reflux esophagitis compared to controls. Visceral fat showed a strong positive correlation with IL-6 (r = 0.523, P < 0.001), IL-8 (r = 0.395, P < 0.001), and IL-1β (r = 0.557, P < 0.001), and a negative correlation with adiponectin (r = -0.466, P < 0.001). With adjusted analysis, visceral fat/100 (OR, 4.32; 95% CI, 2.18-8.58; P < 0.001) and leptin (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.10-1.69; P = 0.005) independently increased the risk of reflux esophagitis, but the effects of other cytokines were abolished. Conclusions Visceral fat may increase the risk of reflux esophagitis by increasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Leptin showed a positive association with reflux esophagitis that was independent of visceral fat. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:247-254)

Effects of Chung-Pae Inhalation Therapy on a Mouse Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Hwang, Joon-Ho,Lee, Beom-Joon,Jung, Hee Jae,Kim, Kwan-Il,Choi, Jun-Yong,Joo, Myungsoo,Jung, Sung-Ki Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Chung-pae (CP) inhalation therapy is a method frequently used in Korea to treat lung disease, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated the effects of CP inhalation on a COPD animal model. C57BL/6 mice received porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alternately three times for 3 weeks to induce COPD. Then, CP (5 or 20 mg/kg) was administered every 2 h after the final LPS administration. The effect of CP was evaluated by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis, histological analysis of lung tissue, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of mRNA of interleukin- (IL-) 1<I>β</I>, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) <I>α</I>, IL-6, and tumor growth factor- (TGF-) <I>β</I>. Intratracheal CP administration reduced the number of leukocytes and neutrophils in BAL fluid, inhibited the histological appearance of lung damage, and decreased the mRNA levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1<I>β</I>, TNF-<I>α</I>, IL-6, and TGF-<I>β</I>. Intratracheal CP administration effectively decreased the chronic inflammation and pathological changes in a PPE- and LPS-induced COPD mouse model. Therefore, we suggest that CP is a promising strategy for COPD.</P>

빌헤름時代(1890∼1918)의 汎ㆍ게르만主義

辛一範 朝鮮大學校 文理科大學 1973 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Im Ursprung des Pangermanismus lag die Traume, die man wieder noch in der Gegenwart 4 folgende, groβe der Vergangenheit verwirklichen wollte; 1. Preuβen als Nachfolgen des Deutschordens. 2. Militarischen Glanz, den Friedrich der Zweite gewann. 3. Das Heilige-romische Reich Deutscher Nation, noch dem man sich noch sehnte. 4. Hansbund, der gewaltig Krafte in See ausubte. Im Anfang des 19 Jahrhunderts erschien die Vaterlandsliebe als der Pangermanismus. Die Einfuhrung in die Werke und Zitate, die Behauptungen und Ansichten folgender Menschen; Offizier Dietrich von Bulo (1757∼1807), Arndt(1769∼1860), Turnvater Friedrich Ludwig Jahn. Uugefahr von 1840 hatte der Pangermanismus einen okonomischen Zug. Nach List (1789∼1846) gewann jedes Volk jedes wirtschaftlichen Gebiet. Drei Volker beherrschen die Welt;Der Vertreter lateinischen Volks ist Frankreich, der slawischen Volks Ruβland, der germanischen Volks England und Deutschland. Der Historiker Treitschke (1834∼96) behauptete, der Ausdehnungskreis beschrankt sich auf Europa, wo das germanische Volk wohnt. Damaligen Theoretiker. Paul de Lagarde(1827∼71), sagte, das religios treibende Gebiet jedes Volks hangt von den materiellen Bedingungen (Verhaltnisse)ab. Constantine Franz (1817∼91) zeigte Bismarks Irrtum und verlangte drei lander (Osterreich. Preuβen, Rheinland) vereinigtes Deutschland. Einfuhrung in die Behauptungen folgender Menschen; der Geograph Rasser(1844∼1904) der Historiker Lamprecht, Krauβ, der General Wagner von Bernheidi.

신화화된 여성의 성과 생 : Strange Interlude론 Strange Interlude

이일범 한국강원영어영문학회 1995 영어영문학 Vol.- No.14

Eugene O'Neill's Strange Interlude is a psychological play about a woman's neurosis. Psychoanalysis interprets the protagonist Nina's psychoneurosis in terms of the sexual pressure of original incest. Nina doesn't resist injustice of man's privilege, tyranny of father's authority, and dissatisfaction with woman's role in society. Nina's problem begins when Gordon, her fiance. was killed in the war. His sudden death causes Nina to feel lack of self-consciousness. The mythification of woman's sex and life that having a baby only satisfies woman's sex and life controls Nina. Her neurosis is connected with the myth. She marries Evans whom she doesn't love. Her son Gordon's father is not Evans but Darrell who is her doctor. Nina goes on a long life journey with four men : her husband Evans, her doctor Darrell, her son Gordon, her father's friend Marsden. She spends her life with them in peace and in triumph. But as a matter of fact she is not a winner but a loser in life. She always feels hollow and lack of self-consciousness. Maternity is a concept mythified in modern times. Maternal myth is not only a source of man's dream but can be an illusion in woman's self. In this play Nina often appeals to "motherly god." But maternal myth prevents establishing woman's self. It only deepens obedience to paternal rights. At the point of regression Nina criticizes "paternal god" and can't help accepting her own defeat. She mutters, "Strange interlude! Yes, our lives are merely strange dark interludes in the electrical display of God the Father!"

絅齋 鄭然國의 性理學 思想에 관한 考察

崔一凡 동양철학연구회 2005 東洋哲學硏究 Vol.41 No.-

이 논문은 경재(綱齋) 정연국(鄭然國)의 성리학을 분석하고 그의 학문적 특성을 살펴보기 위해 쓰여졌다. 경재는 간재학파(艮齋學派)에 속하며 栗谷을 淵源으로 한다. 따라서 율곡이래로 계승한 心卽氣,性卽理의 心性論과 氣發理乘一途說의 理氣論을 기반으로 삼아 心을 理氣의 合이라 하고 互發論을 주장하는 퇴계학파의 心論과 특히 퇴계학파에 속한 寒洲 李震相의 心卽理說을 강력히 비판하여 율곡학파의 학설을 견지한 것이 그 성리학 이론의 본령이다. 그는 知行合一을 추구하고 그 구체적 방법으로서 動靜寂感을 일관하는 敬의 공부론에 대해서 깊이 심득하였으며, 그바탕 위에서 심성론과 이기론을 전개하였다. 또한 경재의 성리학은 의리의 실천을 중시하면서도 그 원리적, 이론적 근거를 주체적으로 자각하는 공부론에 입각하는 특성을 보이고 있다. 또한 경재는 성리학을 추구함에 있어 주자의 조년설과 만년설을 세밀히 분석하여 자신의 주장을 입증하는 학문적 엄밀성을 보여주고 있기도 하다. 경재는 격동적인 식민지 시대와 분단 시대를 살아오면서도 전통적인 조선의 성리학을 놓지 않고 전생애를 바쳐 계승하고 탐구한 선비였다. This treatise is for analysis Jung Yeon-Guk(鄭然國)'s neo-confucianism and its special feature. He is the member of Ganjae School(艮齋學派), from Yulgok, so his philosophy premise that one's mind is Qi(氣), despite of his Nature is Li(理). So he thought that every phenomenon is on the base of moving Qi and riding Li, the only one way(氣發理乘一途). He criticized Toegye School's theory of Mind, which asserted that Mind is cohesion of Li and Qi, so it has two different origin. He also criticized Yi Jin-Sang's Mind is Li theory. He wished to be a man who harmonize understanding and practice, so he learned the knack of pious mind(敬) theory. The pious mind can coherence two aspect of mind, stability and activity, and his theory on the Mind and LiQi was based on his master of this pious mind(敬) theory. His philosophy emphasized on the moral practice, and which is based on the consciousness of principles. So he analysed Zhuxi's change of Mind theory. We can estimated him one of the orthodox Chosun Literate in the period of Japan Occupation and the partition of the Korean peninsula.

지방자치단체 웹 사이트 구축 전략 연구 : 관광정보 안내를 중심으로

송기범,박일록,유도삼 조선대학교 통계연구소 1999 統計硏究所論文誌 Vol.1 No.1

Many people can get various services from Internet by spreading of rapid provision of the high quality and low price of personal computer in recent development of network communication. WEB service especially did a great job of spreading the use of Internet and as a result, many works are in the progress of constructing successful WEB sites over the world. Each local autonomous entities in Korea analyze the aspect of Home-page, suggest the case of foreign country, the effective way of constructing of Home-page and the way of advertising Home-page to set up successful WEB sites. The effort is well shown to suggest an effective solution for constructing local autonomous entity's tourism publicity. indicating the problem of present local autonomous entity's Home-page and the solution especially with the tourist information.

대절토 암반사면의 안정화 검토 및 현장계측 분석

박범준,류권일,고영헌,김팔규 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.18 No.2

We investigated the stability of rock slope caused by large-scale cutting on construction of rapid-transit railway. Applying anchor method in order to build the up, we analyzed the stability using long-term measurement. Slope stability analysis is established by STABL 5M and DIPS as basic programs. Field measurement is required to prove the stability of rock slope which results from the reinforcement corresponding to slope stability analysis. Thus, we used one ground inclinometer and 8 load-cells for the measurement system.

O'Neill의 가면극, The Great God Brown : 안과 밖의 개성화 과정 The Process of Individuation of Inner and Outer Selves

이일범 한국강원영어영문학회 1993 영어영문학 Vol.- No.12

The purpose of this essay is to state the process of individuation which is represented in O'Neill's mask drama, The Great God Brown. The Great God Brown became famous for its daring use of masks to suggest the conflicting personalities of each of its characters. Earlier, The Hairy Ape had painted on masks to emphasize the artificial 'faces' of people in 'Society.' And later Lazarus Laughed used formal masks to define type characters. Hut in The Great God Brown all the characters used masks to dramatize the contrast between their external, or public selves, and their inner, or private selves. And this new use of masks suggested psychological complexities beyond the scope of the old, realistic drama. O'Neill was interested, as usual, in inner tensions and the drama of the soul, and it was to this end that he invented the use of masks to accentuate conflicts and changes in individuals and, in the last part of the play, to visualize a transfer of personality from one character to another. There are many Nietzschean interpretations and Jungian interpretations of this play. O'Neill himself considered Nietzsche's The Birth of Tragedy the most stimulating book on drama ever written. And O'Neill's preference for Jung is well known since he not only has said as much but also included Jungian concepts in the structure of his plays. There are clear indications that material for The Great God Brown may have been drawn from The Psychology of the Unconscious and Psychological Types, two major works of Jung available to him. The Great God Brown embodies a 'Mystery' in the philosophic or religious sense of the word, shadowing forth what Nietzsche described in The Birth of Tragedy as 'the mystery doctrine of tragedy; the fundamental knowledge of the oneness of everything existent, the conception of individuation as the primal cause of evil, and of art as the joyous hope that the spell of individuation may be broken in argury of a restored oneness. Brown's dying words may best be described only as an esoteric parable of Dionysian wisdom: 'The laughter of Heaven sows earth with a rain of tears, and out of Earth's transfigured birth-pain the laughter of Man returns to bless and play again in innumerable dancing gales of flame upon the knees of God!'.

공복 시 Caffeine 투여 후 일회성 운동이 흰쥐의 인슐린 및 골격근의 GLUT-4 발현에 미치는 영향

정일규,오명진,김영표,김종오,윤재석,서태범,윤진환 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

This study was done to investigate the effects of caffeine ingestion on the expression of GLUT-4 in rats' skeletal muscle(soleus m) and blood insulin level after 12 hr fasting condition and one hour treadmill running. Total 19 rats(Sprague-Dawley) who were 7week Did were used for experimental subjects and raised for 1week in the room controled the air temperature and relative humudity(22℃ and 50%). They were divided three groups ; 12hr fasting group(F group, n=5), fasting+exercise group(FE, n= 7) and fasting+caffeine+exercise group(FCE group, n=7). FG and FCE group performed treadmill running for one hour and the treadmill speed was 18m/min that was supposed to be moderate exercise to rats. Each Dr rats in FCE group was forced to he given the caffeine solution(5mg/kg, Sigma Chemical co.) through stainless steel tube directly to their stomachs one hour before treadmill exercise. Immediately after treadmill running, we anesthetized them with the mixed solution(Ketamin 80g/kg and Rompun 5ml/kg) to draw 3ml blood from heart four insulin analysis and then obtained the rats' soleus muscle for GLUT-4 expression. We found that FCE group showed significantly higher GLUT - expression then the other groups and FE group showed the lowest GLUT-4 expression. This rusults suggest that the endurance type of exercise in fasting condition inhibit the GLUT-4 expression in working muscle and the caffeine helped to facilitate the GLUT-4 expression during endurance type of exercise. The future studies needed to confirm the action of caffeine to increase the GLUT- 4 and the mechanism.