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Selective Migration and Economic Growth in México
Jaime Lara Lara,Bernardo Garza Gómez,Dania Monárrez Barrón,Emilio Mátar Zambrano,Gustavo Vázquez García 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2023 Journal of Economic Development Vol.48 No.1
The objective of this study is to determine the impact of selective internal migration on regional economic growth in Mexico. The net skilled migration rate has no significant impact on growth. The net migration rate is positively correlated with economic growth, but has no effect when endogeneity is solved. Together, the results indicate that there is no significant and robust causal impact of migration on growth. These results sustain even when we consider the negative effect that population growth rate have on regional economies.
Blood-brain Barrier Damage is Pivotal for SARS-CoV-2 Infection to the Central Nervous System
Rodríguez-Morales Jahir,Guartazaca-Guerrero Sebastián,Rizo-Téllez Salma A.,Viurcos-Sanabria Rebeca,Barrón Eira Valeria,Hernández-Valencia Aldo F.,Nava Porfirio,Escobedo Galileo,Carrillo-Ruiz José Dami 한국뇌신경과학회 2022 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.31 No.4
Transsynaptic transport is the most accepted proposal to explain the SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS. Nevertheless, emerging evidence shows that neurons do not express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, which highlights the importance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in preventing virus entry to the brain. In this study, we examine the presence of SARS-CoV-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and the cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from two patients with a brain tumor and COVID-19. To determine the BBB damage, we evaluate the Q- albumin index, which is an indirect parameter to assess the permeability of this structure. The Q-albumin index of the patient with an intraventricular brain tumor suggests that the BBB is undamaged, preventing the passage of SARS-CoV-2 and pro-inflammatory molecules. The development of brain tumors that disrupt the BBB (measured by the Q-albumin index), in this case, a petroclival meningioma (Case 1), allows the free passage of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and probably lets the free transit of pro-inflammatory molecules to the CNS, which leads to a possible activation of the microglia (astrogliosis) and an exacerbated immune response represented by IL-13, IFN-γ, and IL-2 trying to inhibit both the infection and the carcinogenic process.
The Economics of Skyscraper Construction in Manhattan: Past, Present, and Future
Barr, Jason Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2016 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.5 No.2
This paper discusses the economics of skyscraper construction in Manhattan since 1990. First the paper reviews the economic theory of skyscraper height. Next it documents the frequency and heights of skyscraper construction in the last 25 years. Then the paper reviews the relative movements of office rents, condominium prices, and construction costs. Statistical results suggest that the resurgence of Manhattan's skyscraper construction is being driving by the rise in the average price of apartments, and is not being driven by rising office rents or falling construction costs. Statistical evidence shows that the height premium has not been rising over the last decade. Developers have been purchasing air rights (and bidding up the prices) in order to satisfy the demand for supertall buildings. In the next five to ten years, Manhattan is likely to see over thirty 200-meter or taller buildings, as compared to only four since 2010.
Shaft resistance of bored cast-in-place concrete piles in oil sand - Case study
Barr, L.,Wong, R.C.K. Techno-Press 2013 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.5 No.2
Pile load tests using Osterberg cells (O-cell) were conducted on cast-in-place concrete piles founded in oil sand fill and in situ oil sand at an industrial plant site in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada. Interpreted pile test results show that very high pile shaft resistance (with the Bjerrum-Burland or Beta coefficient of 2.5-4.5) against oil sand could be mobilized at small relative displacements of 2-3% of shaft diameter. Finite element simulations based on linear elastic and elasto-plastic models for oil sand materials were used to analyze the pile load test measurements. Two constitutive models yield comparable top-down load versus pile head displacement curves, but very different behaviour in mobilization of pile shaft and end bearing resistances. The elasto-plastic model produces more consistent matching in both pile shaft and end bearing resistances whereas the linear elastic under- and over-predicts the shaft and end bearing resistances, respectively. The mobilization of high shaft resistance in oil sand under pile load is attributed to the very dense and interlocked structure of oil sand which results in high matrix stiffness, high friction angle, and high shear dilation.
Chronic response of rat brain norepinephrine and serotonin leveles to endurance training
BROWN, BARRS S,PAYNE, TERRY,KIM, CHANG,MOORE, GEORGE,KRESS, PAUL,MARTIN, WILT 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 1980 體力科學硏究 Vol.3 No.-
Chronic response of rat brain nirepinephrine and serotonin levels to endurance training. J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercis Physiol. 46(1(:19-23, 1979. - Norepinephrine(NE)and serotonin(5-HT) concentrations were determined in three area of the rat brain following 8자 exposure to differing physical activity and dietary regimens. Animals were divided into sedentary and exercise groups, and one-half of each received either a normal or atherogenic diet. The exercise consisted of 30min of treadmill running, 5days/자 Brains were weighed and sectioned into cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and remainder(midbrain), and Iluorometrically analyzed for NE and 5-HT content. In most brain areas, NE and 5-HT levels were significantly greater among exercise-normal diet and exercise-fat dite compared to both sedentary groups. In the cerebral cortex, exercise-normal diet rats possessed higher levels of NE and lower concentrations of 5-HT than sedentary animals.