王夫之的六朝文學觀

徐寶余 ( Xu¸ Baoyu ) 중국어문연구회 2021 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.107

Wang Fuzhi’s(王夫之) comments on the literature of the Six Dynasties have extremely important value in the history of poetry. Before Wang Fuzhi, no scholar had fully affirmed and praised the literature of the Six Dynasties like him. This is mainly because his conclusion was based on the selection of poetry in the past. This is different from the generalization of those general commentators. Wang Fuzhi’s affirmation of Six Dynasties literature is mainly reflected in six aspects. First, he refuted the theory of “rise from decline”(起衰論). In his opinion, the Song’s theory of “rise from decline”(起衰論) was wrong. Compared with the Tang Dynasty, the literature of the Six Dynasties was not a decline. The poetry of the Six Dynasties inherited the Zhou-Han(周漢) and opened the Tang Dynasty. The Six Dynasties should not be regarded as a decline. Second, the poems of the Six Dynasties preceded the poems of the Tang Dynasty. The most mature modern-style poems in the Tang Dynasty originated in the Six Dynasties; Tang poetry often drew nourishment from the Six Dynasties poems, and most of fine verses came from the Six Dynasties. In terms of subject matter, technique, structure, rhyme, and words, they were all influenced by the Six Dynasties literature. Fourth, there are differences in the literature of the Six Dynasties. Wang Fuzhi divided it into three stages: Jin-Song(晉宋), Qi-Liang(齊梁), and Chen-Sui(陳隋). In general, it was the highest in the Jin-Song dynasties. However, even so, he did not deny Qi-Liang or Chen-Sui completely. Fifth, Wang Fuzhi also had a unique understanding of the poetic styles of the Six Dynasties. For example, he respected the Five-character poem of Jin-Song Dynasties, and believed that the Four-character poem of Shen Yue(沈約) were the best, and Xiao Yi(蕭繹) Seven-character quatrain was the vowel of the past dynasties. Sixth, it has pioneering and exemplary significance in the discussion of situational affair. The aspects of sentiment and scenery, matter and emotion, reason and poetry fully embodied his dialectical concept, which neither negated the scenery, matter, and reason in poetry, but also took care of emotion and essence.

王夫之的經文關係論

徐寶余 ( Xu¸ Baoyu ) 중국어문연구회 2021 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.106

Jiangzhai shihua(薑齋詩話), written by Wang Fuzhi(王夫之), can be regarded as a book on discussing the relationship between classics and literature. On the part of the book of songs, it normally realized some artistic techniques from the later poetry creations, such as Quyingfa(取影法)、Zhubinfa(主賓法)、Yingchenfa(映襯法). These techniques, all summarized from the creation of future literature, were applied to the book of songs text analysis, so as to provide specific methods and methods for literary interpretation. On the otherwise, The book of songs, as the classic of Confucian, was always regarded as a model of later literary creation. Wang Fuzhi would like use the terminology of Confucian classics to request and evaluate the literature. At the meaning time, he also talked about the bad influence of the Book of Songs on the later literature. Obviously, it’s not fully affirmed for it’s the extreme, there are still criteria for judging right and wrong. The interest of poetics, by Wang Fuzhi, can be roughly summarized as Zhuke Hutong(主客互通) and Jingwen shuangjie(經文雙解). The Zhuke Hutong(主客互通) means readers use their own emotions to experience and feel the emotions in The Book of Songs. Xing-Guan-Qun-Yuan(興觀群怨), Wang Fuzhi called it Siqing(四情), which becomes the link that maintains the reader and the Book of Songs. Siqing(四情) connects the ancient feelings with the present feelings, thus providing the possibility for the interpretation of the Book of Songs and literary reading. Interpreting the Classics by literary and restricting the literature by Classics has received double effect of interpretation.

Fault diagnosis of rolling bearings based on impulse feature enhancement and time-frequency joint noise reduction

Baoyu Huang,Yongxiang Zhang,Lei Zhao,Hao Chen 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.5

Aiming at the problem that the effectiveness of impulse feature enhancement (IFE) depends on the duration of high-level (or low-level) K and the number of high-level L, we regard a segmented impulse norm as the fitness function and combine it with the whale optimization algorithm to select the optimal parameters adaptively. Time-frequency joint noise reduction (TFJNR) is also proposed to suppress the noise components in the signal. Simulation and experimental results of rolling bearings indicate that the proposed algorithm can rapidly select the optimal parameters K and L to ensure the performance of IFE, while TFJNR has the ability to suppress the noise components in the signal. Fast kurtogram, empirical mode decomposition, and fast spectral correlation are also used for comparison. The results highlight the performance of the proposed algorithm.

Fault diagnosis of rotating machines based on modified hierarchical fluctuation dispersion entropy and multi-cluster feature selection

Baoyue Li,Yonghua Yu,Jia Hu,Bingxin Cao,Yangfeng Yao,Defeng Xu 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.12

The vibration signal of rotating mechanical equipment contains a large amount of information that can be used for the fault diagnosis of rotating mechanical equipment. However, the vibration information is distributed in multiple dimensions, and a single-scale analysis cannot effectively reflect its damage characteristics, reducing the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Accordingly, an improved hierarchical fluctuation dispersion entropy (MHFDE) method based on the improved hierarchical processing is proposed. MHFDE can simultaneously mine low- and highfrequency features in the time series, avoiding information omission. Comparison results of the simulated signals show that the proposed method has the advantages of high stability and accurate measurement of complexity. In combination with the multi-cluster feature selection (MCFS) and kernel limit learning machine (KELM) optimized by whale optimization algorithm (WOA), a rotating machinery damage recognition method based on MHFDE-MCFS and WOA-KEM was proposed. Three sets of typical rotating machinery datasets are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that this method can not only accurately and stably identify the damage types of the three selected machinery but also have a higher accuracy of damage recognition compared with the existing feature extraction methods.

Observer-Based Adaptive Fuzzy Fault-Tolerant Output Feedback Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems with Actuator Faults

Baoyu Huo,Shao-Cheng Tong,Yongming Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.6

This paper develops an adaptive fuzzy control method for accommodating actuator faults in a class of unknown nonlinear systems with unmeasured states. The considered faults are modeled as lock-in-place (stuck at unknown place). With the help of fuzzy logic systems to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, and K-filters are designed to estimate the unmeasured states. Combining the backstepping technique with the nonlinear fault-tolerant control theory, a novel adaptive fuzzy faults-tolerant control (FTC) approach is constructed. It is proved that the proposed control approach can guarantee that all the signals of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded and the tracking error between the system output and the reference signal converges to a small neighborhood of zero by ap-propriate choice of the design parameters. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the control approach.

Effects of rolling-cutting processing parameters on micro-grooved strips forming

Baoyu Zhang,Xianqi Fan,Guocheng Shi,Yang Zhou,Di He,Wenjun Deng 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.1

High heat flux density in the micro-electronics field urges the demand for functional surface for heat transfer. Micro-grooved surface is the classical heat transfer surface because of the larger specific area and better inducement of turbulence. A novel micro-grooved surface manufacturing process, the rolling-cutting process, is proposed to produce microgrooved strips. Experiments are conducted to analyze the influence of processing parameters on the strips forming. The optimal combination of processing parameters is given to attain the micro-grooved strips with higher fins height and thinner base thickness. Additionally, the obtained strips are of three-dimensional structures with serrated bulges at the top. The difference between the material flow of serrated bulges and strip base is discussed, and the forming of serrated bulges is mainly due to inhomogeneous sinuous material flow.

Performance of Gas-Liquid Upstream Pumping Spiral Groove Mechanical Face Seals

Baoyu Zhang,Weibing Wang,Tiebo Sun,Ping Li 한국유체기계학회 2024 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.17 No.1

Upstream pumping spiral grooves provides an effective way to realize design of mechanical seals with long service life as well as low leakage rate, which largely lies on precise design of spiral grooves under gas-liquid lubricating boundary conditions. The originality of this paper is to consider the gas phase pressure boundary in order to be suitable for more complex gas-liquid seal analysis. An numerical analysis of performance of upstream pumping spiral groove mechanical face seals is carried outunder gas-liquid boundary conditions. Opening force and leakage rate are calculated taking account of gas-liquid fluid medium boundary conditions as well as cavitation effect. The results show that the opening force and leakage rate decrease obviously under gas-liquid boundary conditions, compared with the full liquid boundary conditions, exceeding 50% in degree. Besides, the groove parameters such as spiral angle, slotting ratio and groove number present obvious and complex influence on the opening force and leakage rate. This research may provide the reasonable basis for the design of upstream pumping spiral groove mechanical face seals.

奪換法下韓國人的唐詩觀

徐寶余 ( Xu Baoyu ) 중국어문연구회 2022 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.111

The method of Duohuan(奪換), that is, the method of changing the bones and altering the fetus, is an important topic in the poetics of the Song Dynasty. Since Huang Tingjian(黃庭堅) proposed it, it has been used in the creation of poetry in the past dynasties. The method of changing the bones and altering the fetus, especially from Tang poetry, has become a relatively popular creative method. Korean poets are very concerned about this. In their reading, they could find the poems of the Tang Dynasty replacing the six dynasties, and put forward special mentions, even there are some places that Chinese scholars had not noticed. They also found lots of examples of later generations changing and altering the before, compared and evaluated them, and tried to find out the author’s personality and differences, so as to provide a reference for the current writing. Korean poets not only noticed the facts before and after Tang and Song poets were changed and altered, but also noticed how to change and alter Tang poetry in their own creations. There are many cases of Korean poets taking over and replacing Tang poetry in the process of creation. Changing and altering Tang poetry is an important way for them to learn Tang poetry. Some great poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai(李白), Du Fu(杜甫), Bai Juyi (白居易), etc., were their most common targets for replacement; in addition, Korean poets also showed special preferences for poets in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, especially in the late Tang Dynasty. Korean poets also show a special preference for a certain poem or a certain sentence of the Tang Dynasty. For example, Zheng Zhichang’s(鄭知常) Datong Jiang(大同江) poem is a poem that was changed and altered from Li Du(李杜), and then formed a magnificent movement in the history of Korean poetics. There are many methods used by Korean poets to replace Tang poems. The more distinctive ones are the “Five-Seven Method(五七法)”, “Reversal Method(翻案法)” and “Set Syntax(集句法)”. These methods have undoubtedly brought many conveniences to the creation of Koreans. However, just as Chinese poets use the method of snatch and exchange, Korean poets are also faced with the problems brought about by snatch and exchange, among which there are two most important issues: one is how to distinguish the relationship between snatch and exchange, stealing, and sympathy, so as to avoid falling into a disadvantageous situation; secondly, after all, replacement is a way of imitating and learning from others. How to find a way of owning in writing is an important issue faced by Korean poets. So in the theory of Duohuan, there are voices of opposition. As early as the Korea period, people like Li Renlao(李仁老), Cui Zi(崔滋), Li Qixian(李齊賢) and others had already raised doubts about this, and in the Li Chao, Xu Juzheng(徐居正), Li Suiguang(李睟光), Liang Qing Yu(梁慶遇) and others have criticized this.

韓國詩學中的窮工論

徐寶余 ( Xu Baoyu ) 중국어문연구회 2023 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.114

The theory of “the more suffering, the better writing”(窮工論) is an important proposition in Chinese poetics, which was first put forward by Ouyang Xiu(歐陽修) in Song Dynasty. Its theoretical origin has a certain relationship with the theory of “expression under indignation”(發憤抒情說) and “sighing in discontent”(不平則鳴說). However, the more direct source should be the popular “poetry will impoverish people”(詩能窮人說). Chinese scholars have discussed this proposition in Chinese poetics in many aspects. However, this statement was also popular in Korean poetics, and on this basis, many theoretical explorations have also been carried out. In addition to some arguments that agree with the old theory, they have found many breakthroughs in the anti-proposition of this proposition. Some people made the claim that poetry could make people flourish and wealthy people could also write poetry well. Some people put forward the position that the poems of the suffer(窮) also were not well written, and some other poems of the suffer(窮) were written without poverty. Some people put forward the position that the poor have nothing to do with poetry, and some people put forward the view that the suffering(窮) was also a kind of good, not poor in the general sense. In addition to these propositions, Korean scholars have also made a malleable analysis of the poverty involved, and made personalized explanations for poverty from multiple aspects such as self-poor(自窮), real poverty(真窮), poverty reduction(化窮), and gentleman poverty(固窮). Some of them also started from the relationship between literature and conduct, and in the context of poetry prophecy, they put forward the idea that poetry could observe and fortune tell whether others were poor or not. In this way, Korean scholars, under the influence of the theory of “the more suffering, the better writing”(窮工論) in Chinese poetics, have developed this traditional proposition in multiple directions, thus promoting the growth and development of this proposition in the field of Korean poetics. As the main example of this poetics proposition, it was not only confirmed by the practice of poetics in Tang and Song Dynasties in China (especially Tang poetry), but also supported by numerous cases of Korean poetics. Therefore, within poetics, Korean studies People have broken through the cultural gap between Korea and China, making it one of the most striking poetic phenomena in the cultural circle of Chinese characters.

“潛氣內轉”辨

서보여 ( Xu Baoyu ) 중국어문연구회 2017 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.82

The character of Qianqineizhuan(潛氣內轉) originates from some vocalization that people sing by imitating musical instruments, which is different from Zhuanhou(轉喉), a technique of uttering words as the same tune as changing sound through throat. Qianqineizhuan(潛氣內轉) was becoming to be a structure method in the work of literature and art, especially till Qing Dynasty, such as the structure of characters and the layout in handwriting and the intermittent flow in literature. First, how to structure the shape and make the layout is the most important point for handwriting. The brushwork is neither no change nor loose. Something we cannot figure out exist there, as it`s be called Qi(氣). Whether or not there is Qi(氣), it determines the level of work. For the parallel prose, sentence meaning switching doesn`t depend on the function word, but the content word. For that, the normal meaning of sentence is to be interrupted and it seems incoherent and indistinct. In fact, the purpose pulse doesn`t lose all along. The way to link different parts together is not very obvious so that people remained for thousands years unconscious of it. Qianqineizhuan(潛氣內轉) came to light, then brought the parallel prose and classic prose into the new world because it showed clearly direction for writing. At the same time, we can also find the same things in Ci-ology field. Jiang Kui(姜夔) and Wu Wenying(吳文英), the famous writer of Ci(詞), their writing ways couldn`t get their meaning across for extraordinary arrangement of characters. Since content word replaced function word, the sentences couldn`t provide us distinct and well-defined meanings. It`s be called Anzhuan(暗轉) or Neizhuan(內轉), similar to Qianqineizhuan(潛氣內轉). Qianqineizhuan(潛氣內轉), regarded as the most important skill of two, has developed into a new Qi(氣) theory by modern researcher`s language misunderstanding and borrowing, differentiated from the ancient prose, and enriched the connotation of traditional Qi(氣) theory.