Amentoflavone inhibits tumorsphere formation by regulating the Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling pathway in SUM159 breast cancer stem cells

Bao, Cheng,Chen, Jing,Kim, Jin Tae,Qiu, Shuai,Cho, Jae Seok,Lee, Hong Jin Elsevier 2019 Journal of Functional Foods Vol.61 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A novel anticancer approach is to target cancer stem cells (CSCs), a rare subpopulation potentially associated with metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy, and recurrence of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of amentoflavone, a natural compound identified from <I>Chamaecyparis obtusa</I>, on stemness of basal-like SUM159 breast CSCs, and its underlying mechanism of action. We found that amentoflavone suppressed tumorsphere formation and regulated the expression of the stem cell markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1 in a dose dependent manner, and inhibited Hedgehog (Hh) signaling by down-regulating Smo, Gli1, OCT4, and NANOG. Knock-down of Gli1 by siRNA significantly affected the expression of CD44, CD24, ALDH1, OCT4, and NANOG, and reduced tumorsphere formation efficiency in SUM159 breast CSCs. Our findings indicate that amentoflavone inhibits SUM159 breast cancer stemness by suppressing Hh/Gli1 signaling, and is a potent agent for targeting breast CSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Amentoflavone inhibited tumorsphere formation of basal-like breast cancer stem cells (CSCs). </LI> <LI> Amentoflaovne regulated the expression of CSC markers, CD44, CD24, ALDH1, OCT4 and NANOG in SUM159 breast CSCs. </LI> <LI> Amentoflavone suppressed Hedgehog signaling mediators, Gli1 and Smo, leading to inhibition of breast CSCs stemness. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Daidzein Suppresses Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induced Migration and Invasion by Inhibiting Hedgehog/Gli1 Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Bao, Cheng,Namgung, Hyeju,Lee, Jaehoo,Park, Hyun-Chang,Ko, Jiwon,Moon, Heejung,Ko, Hyuk Wan,Lee, Hong Jin American Chemical Society 2014 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.62 No.17

<P>In breast cancer, the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induces cell invasion, although the molecular basis of it has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of daidzein in regulating TNF-α induced cell invasion and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Daidzein inhibited TNF-α induced cellular migration and invasion in estrogen receptor (ER) negative MCF10DCIS.com human breast cancer cells. TNF-α activated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling by enhancing Gli1 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, which resulted in increased invasiveness; these effects were blocked by daidzein and the Hh signaling inhibitors, cyclopamine and vismodegib. Moreover, these compounds suppressed TNF-α induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 mRNA expression and activity. Taken together, mammary tumor cell invasiveness was stimulated by TNF-α induced activation of Hh signaling; these effects were abrogated by daidzein, which suppressed Gli1 activation, thereby inhibiting migration and invasion.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2014/jafcau.2014.62.issue-17/jf500231t/production/images/medium/jf-2014-00231t_0007.gif'></P>

A Fast Analytic Model of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machines with Static/Dynamic Axis Eccentricity

Baocheng Guo,Yunkai Huang 한국자기학회 2016 Journal of Magnetics Vol.21 No.4

This paper presents a general analytical model to calculate the characteristics of axial-flux permanent-magnet machines with axis eccentricities. The radial and tangential magnetic flux densities in the air gap under normal conditions were first obtained using a combination of Maxwell’s equations and Schwarz-Christoffel (SC) transformation. Next, equations for the radii were deduced to investigate the static/dynamic eccentricities. The back electromotive forces (EMFs) were calculated and compared with those obtained from finite element (FE) analysis. The analytical predictions show good agreement with the FE results. Detection approaches were obtained by comparing with normal conditions, and the analytical model was verified experimentally.

Effect of Discharge Location on Temperature Distribution during Electrical Discharge Machining

Baocheng Xie,Yanwen Zhang,Yuan Zhang,Ye Dai,Xianli Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.12

The temperature field distribution has a dominant influence on machining efficiency and surface quality during electrical discharge machining (EDM). The discharge location is strongly related to temperature field distribution. Thus, the effect of discharge location on temperature distribution during EDM process should be illustrated to understand the mechanism of temperature field distribution. In this study, the thermal model for EDM process is established using ANSYS software to investigate the temperature field distribution. The model considers more realistic factors such as Gaussian distribution of heat flux, plasma channel radius, latent heat of melting, etc., to agree with actual machining situation. Numerical simulation analysis of the temperature distribution of the two consecutive spark discharges has been carried out considering the relative position relation of discharge location. Based on the numerical simulation, the effect of discharge location on the temperature distribution and material removal volume in pulse discharge process has been analyzed in detail.

Numerical Study of Debris Distribution in Ultrasonic Assisted EDM of Hole Array under Different Amplitude and Frequency

Baocheng Xie,Yanwen Zhang,Jingwei Zhang,Shengle Rend 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.5

Debris accumulation in the bottom and side gap leads to a poor machining stability and low machining efficiency of electrical discharge machining (EDM). Thus, an understanding on the mechanisms of debris distribution and exclusion of flow field in the discharge gap during EDM process should be investigated. However, these mechanisms have not been fully understood because debris distribution and exclusion process in the bottom and side gap is difficult to simulate and observe. This paper suggests a two-dimensional model of flow field with kerosene and debris phases for the bottom and side gap in ultrasonic assisted EDM process by computational fluid dynamics. The mechanism of debris distribution and exclusion in the discharge gap during ultrasonic vibration cycle was researched through the model. The effect of amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic vibration of the tool on debris distribution and exclusion during electrical discharge machining of whole array was investigated through numerical simulation. It is shown that ultrasonic vibration of the tool has significantly influence on the debris exclusion from discharge gap. In addition, the debris distribution and exclusion becomes strong with the increase of the amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic vibration of the tool.

Development of Human-Machine Interface for Teleoperation of a Mobile Manipulator

Baocheng Wang,Zhijun Li,Wenjun Ye,Qing Xie 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.6

Human-robot control interfaces have received increased attention during the past decades for conveniently introducing robot into human daily life. In this paper, a novel Human-machine Interface (HMI) is developed, which contains two components. One is based on the surface electromyography (sEMG) signal, which is from the human upper limb, and the other is based on the Microsoft Kinect sensor. The proposed interface allows the user to control in real time a mobile humanoid robot arm in 3-D space, through upper limb motion estimation by sEMG recordings and Microsoft Kinect sensor. The effectiveness of the method is verified by experiments, including random arm motions in the 3-D space with variable hand speed profiles.

An Improved and Efficient Analytical Model for Magnetic Field Calculation in Linear Permanent Magnet Machines

Baocheng Guo,Rong Guo,Hengzai Hu,Jianping Shi,Chunmei Feng 한국자기학회 2022 Journal of Magnetics Vol.27 No.1

A simple and improved analytical model (AM) for linear permanent magnet synchronous machine (LPMSM) based on the correction factor is presented in this paper. A slotless linear permanent magnet machine (PLPM) with AM developed in Cartesian coordinate is selected to investigate. Consequently, the fitting equations of curvature factors for the permanent magnet and armature are obtained. The subdomains for LPMSM are simplified from 6 down to 3 domains based on curvature equations. The magnetic flux density and force show that the proposed approach agrees with the finite element (FE) model. Moreover, the reduced calculation domains and harmonic orders make AM proposed in the paper much faster. The main contribution of the work is to present a simple strategy for coordinate transformation and calculation strategy for LPMSM, which provides guideline for designers to investigate the machines developed in Cartesian coordinate.

An Improved Conformal Mapping Method for Static Angular Eccentricity Analysis of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machines

Baocheng Guo,Yunkai Huang,Fei Peng 한국자기학회 2018 Journal of Magnetics Vol.23 No.1

This paper presents an improved and simple analytical model to study the static angular eccentricity of single stator single rotor axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machine. The magnetic flux densities in the air gap under normal and static angular eccentricity are calculated by using a combination of Maxwell’s equations and Schwarz-Christoffel (SC) transformation. The original contribution of the model is that angular eccentricity is obtained without extra transformations. Thus the proposed approach is simpler than existing methods. The calculated back electromotive forces (EMFs) and cogging torque by the proposed method are compared with those obtained from the finite element (FE) model, the results show acceptable accuracy of the proposed method. In this way, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.

Two-dimensional Harmonic Modelling for Electro-magnetic Solution in Cartesian Coordinates

Yunlu Du,Baocheng Guo,Z. Djelloul-khedda,Fei Peng,Yunkai Huang 한국자기학회 2022 Journal of Magnetics Vol.27 No.3

This paper first presents a general two-dimension (2D) harmonic analytical solution for the magnetic field of electric machines in the Cartesian coordinates. In this solution, the relative permeance is directly considered in Laplace and Poisson’s equations, and the particular solutions in Cartesian coordinates are solved. By applying the complex Fourier separation method, with the boundary and interface conditions, the magnetic field in the inhomogeneous region is solved from system equations. Numerical examples validate the presented method and the obtained results have a satisfactory agreement with the finite element analysis. The proposed model in this paper has a significant value for modelling electric machines, such as linear permanent magnet (PM) machines and axial flux PM machines.

Synthesizing Manganese Oxide Materials for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Jia Wang,Baocheng Wang 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.3

The application of manganese oxide is limited for its difficulty to prevent the generated particles from aggregating. In our study, an optimized polyvinyl polypropylene-assisted chemical coprecipitation method was adopted to improve the dispersion of manganese oxide particles, which was also facilely scalable in large-scale production of materials. The results confirmed that both adding polyvinyl pyrrolidone and conducting thermal treatment for manganese oxide were effective methods to improve the electrochemical properties of manganese oxide.