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Bansal, Varun,De, Debojyoti,An, Jieun,Kang, Tong Mook,Jeong, Hyeon-Ju,Kang, Jong-Sun,Kim, Kyeong Kyu Elsevier 2019 Biomaterials Vol.193 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Use of stem cells in regenerative medicine holds great promise in treating people suffering from various otherwise incurable ailments. Direct conversion of somatic cells to other lineages thereby bypassing the intermediate pluripotent state has enormous applicability with respect to time requirement for conversion as well as safety issues. Among various approaches, chemical induced cell conversion is safe yet effective, and the use of small molecules has thus increased greatly in recent years in regenerative fields due to easy applicability, efficient scalability, and consistent reproducibility. Here we report a combination of small molecules capable of converting mouse fibroblasts into skeletal muscle-like cells (SMLCs) without requiring ectopic transcription factor expression. We observed that a combination of chemicals is necessary and sufficient to convert mouse fibroblast to SMLCs that have functional similarity to skeletal muscles. In addition, we also found that cytokines responsible for modulating several key signaling pathways enhance the maturation of converted SMLCs into multinucleated myocytes. Epigenetic analysis revealed that this conversion is accomplished by an epigenetic overhaul, followed by activation of key signal pathways responsible for activating skeletal specific loci. We further observed that human adipocyte-derived stem cells can be converted into SMLCs under conditions similar to that of fibroblasts. This study not only provides an example of chemical induced direct conversion, but also underlines the key signaling pathways that are needed to induce mesodermal lineages and muscles from pleotropic type cells.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Bansal, Namrata,Cho, Myung Rae,Brahlek, Matthew,Koirala, Nikesh,Horibe, Yoichi,Chen, Jing,Wu, Weida,Park, Yun Daniel,Oh, Seongshik American Chemical Society 2014 NANO LETTERS Vol.14 No.3
<P>Mechanical exfoliation of bulk crystals has been widely used to obtain thin topological insulator (TI) flakes for device fabrication. However, such a process produces only microsized flakes that are highly irregular in shape and thickness. In this work, we developed a process to transfer the entire area of TI Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Se<SUB>3</SUB> thin films grown epitaxially on Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and SiO<SUB>2</SUB> to arbitrary substrates, maintaining their pristine morphology and crystallinity. Transport measurements show that these transferred films have lower carrier concentrations and comparable or higher mobilities than before the transfer. Furthermore, using this process we demonstrated a clear metal–insulator transition in an ultrathin Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Se<SUB>3</SUB> film by gate-tuning its Fermi level into the hybridization gap formed at the Dirac point. The ability to transfer large area TI films to any substrate will facilitate fabrication of TI heterostructure devices, which will help explore exotic phenomena such as Majorana fermions and topological magnetoelectricity.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2014/nalefd.2014.14.issue-3/nl404363b/production/images/medium/nl-2013-04363b_0005.gif'></P>
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Review on quantitation methods for hazardous pollutants released by e-cigarette (EC) smoking
Bansal, Vasudha,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2016 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.78 No.-
<P>Due to the growing popularity of e-cigarettes (ECs), the number of young EC smokers has increased since their introduction less than a decade ago. This development has alarmed public health experts, prompting researchers to identify potential hazards of EC use and to help establish guidelines or regulations for the pollutants contained in EC solutions and released in their smoke (such as particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nicotine, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs), carbonyls, and metals). This review was written to cover the techniques currently available for the collection and analysis of EC related pollutants. To this end, this review emphasizes the compositional diversity of the various components present in EC solutions and their smoke. The methods used to analyze different types of EC samples are also evaluated to help establish a standardized protocol for their accurate quantitation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
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Bansal, V.,Sharma, A.,Ghanshyam, C.,Singla, M.L.,Kim, K.H. The Institution ; Hemisphere Pub. Corp. [distribut 2015 Food and bioproducts processing Vol.95 No.-
The effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) applying 26kVcm<SUP>-1</SUP> with 1μs monopolar pulses (for 500μs) on inactivation of Zygosaccharomyces bailii and the stability for the key quality characteristics (vitamin C, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, nonenzymatic index, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF), <SUP>o</SUP>brix, and pH) in Emblica officinalis juice were studied. These results were then compared to those of heat treatment (90<SUP>o</SUP>C for 60s) up to 40 days on storing at 4<SUP>o</SUP>C. PEF treatment reduced 5.1log cycles of Z. bailii with decreases in HMF concentration and browning index relative to heat treated juice. Simultaneously, PEF treated juice retained 63% of vitamin C and 88.9% of antioxidant capacity (p<0.05). However, heat treated juice lowered 4.9log cycles of Z. bailii and exhibited significant degradation of vitamin C and antioxidant capacity (p<0.01). After all, both treatments did not induce any major changes in pH and <SUP>o</SUP>brix levels of emblica juice. Electron microscopy was used as a tool to find Z. bailii damage induced. Investigation of their morphology showed a leakage of cellular debris owing to the rupture of cell membrane of PEF treated Z. bailii. Thus, PEF treatment on emblica juice may offer an enormous potential for upgrading its quality than the heat processing method.
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A community computational challenge to predict the activity of pairs of compounds
Bansal, Mukesh,Yang, Jichen,Karan, Charles,Menden, Michael P,Costello, James C,Tang, Hao,Xiao, Guanghua,Li, Yajuan,Allen, Jeffrey,Zhong, Rui,Chen, Beibei,Kim, Minsoo,Wang, Tao,Heiser, Laura M,Realubit Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature biotechnology Vol.32 No.12
Recent therapeutic successes have renewed interest in drug combinations, but experimental screening approaches are costly and often identify only small numbers of synergistic combinations. The DREAM consortium launched an open challenge to foster the development of in silico methods to computationally rank 91 compound pairs, from the most synergistic to the most antagonistic, based on gene-expression profiles of human B cells treated with individual compounds at multiple time points and concentrations. Using scoring metrics based on experimental dose-response curves, we assessed 32 methods (31 community-generated approaches and SynGen), four of which performed significantly better than random guessing. We highlight similarities between the methods. Although the accuracy of predictions was not optimal, we find that computational prediction of compound-pair activity is possible, and that community challenges can be useful to advance the field of in silico compound-synergy prediction.
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Bansal, Anshuma,Patel, Firuza Darius,Rai, Bhavana,Dhanireddy, Bhaswanth,Sharma, Suresh Chand Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5
Chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of cancer patients with various malignancies. However, female patients, especially those whoich are premenopausal, suffer from significant chemotherapy induced ovarian function impairment, which decreases their quality of life. Many new techniques for ovarian preservation have been established in recent years. Although the use of gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) for this purpose is not a new concept, its effectiveness in protection of ovarian function is still debatable. This article deals with studies and metaanalyses which have been undertaken in the past, demonstrating the impact of GnRHa in ovarian function preservation, and whether their use can be implemented in routine practice.
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Robustness of Predictive Density and Optimal Treatment Allocation to Non-Normal Prior for The Mean
Bansal, Ashok K.,Sinha, Pankaj The Korean Statistical Society 1993 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.22 No.2
The predictive density function of a potential future observation and its first four moments are obtained in this paper to study the effects of a non-normal prior of the unknown mean of a normal population. The derived predictive density function is modified to study changes in utility curves, used to choose the optimum treatment from a given set of treatments, at a given level of stimulus due to slight deviations from normality of the prior distribution. Numerical illustrations are provided to exhibit some effectsl.
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Effect of Nonnormality on Bayes Decision Function for Testing Normal Mean
Bansal, Ashok K. The Korean Statistical Society 1979 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.8 No.1
A zone of sensitivity is developed to investigate the effect of nonnormality on the Bayes decision function for testing mean of a normal population when either parent or prior belongs to Edgeworthian family of moderately nonnormal probability density functions.
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Mechanical and durability properties of fluoropolymer modified cement mortar
Bansal, Prem Pal,Sidhu, Ramandeep Techno-Press 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.3
The addition of different types of polymers such as SBR, VAE, Acrylic, etc. in concrete and mortar leads to an increase in compressive, tensile and bond strength and decrease in permeability of polymer modified mortar (PMM) and concrete (PMC). The improvement in properties such as bond strength and impermeability makes PMM/PMC suitable for use as repair/retrofitting and water proofing material. In the present study effect of addition of fluoropolymer on the strength and permeability properties of mortar has been studied. In the cement mortar different percentages viz. 10, 20 and 30 percent of fluoropolymer by weight of cement was added. It has been observed that on addition of fluoropolymer in mortar the workability of mortar increases. In the present study all specimens were cast keeping the workability constant, i.e., flow value $105{\pm}5mm$, by changing the amount of water content in the mortar suitably. The specimens were cured for two different curing conditions. Firstly, these were cured wet for one day and then cured dry for 27 days. Secondly, specimens were cured wet for 7 days and then cured dry for 21 days. It has been observed that compressive strength and split tensile strength of specimens cured wet for 7 days and then cured dry for 21 days is 7-13 percent and 12-15 percent, respectively, higher than specimens cured one day dry and 27 days wet. The sorptivity of fluoropolymer modified mortar decreases by 88.56% and 91% for curing condtion one and two, respectively. However, It has been observed that on addition of 10 percent fluoropolymer both compressive and tensile strength decreases, but with the increase in percentage addition from 10 to 20 and 30 percent both the strengths starts increasing and becomes equal to that of the control specimen at 30 percent for both the curing conditions. It is further observed that percentage decrease in strength for second curing condition is relatively less as compared to the first curing condition. However, for both the curing conditions chloride ion permeability of polymer modified mortar becomes very low.
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