BETA GLUCAN ENHANCES THE WOUND HEALING PROCESS IN ZEBRAFISH

Baldassare Fronte,Cheol-Hee Kim,Carlo Bibbiani,Mahanama De Zoysa 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

EFFECTS OF 1,3-1,6 ß-GLUCAN FEED INCLUSION ON CAUDAL FIN REGENERATION PERFORMANCES OF ZEBRAFISH Danio rerio

Baldassare Fronte,Cheol-Hee Kim,Marco Bagliacca,Mahanama De Zoysa 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

AMUSE-FIELD. II. NUCLEATION OF EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES IN THE FIELD VERSUS CLUSTER ENVIRONMENT

Baldassare, Vivienne F.,Gallo, Elena,Miller, Brendan P.,Plotkin, Richard M.,Treu, Tommaso,Valluri, Monica,Woo, Jong-Hak IOP Publishing 2014 The Astrophysical journal Vol.791 No.2

<P>The optical light profiles of nearby early-type galaxies are known to exhibit a smooth transition from nuclear light deficits to nuclear light excesses with decreasing galaxy mass, with as much as 80% of the galaxies with stellar masses below 10(10) M-circle dot hosting a massive nuclear star cluster (NSC). At the same time, while all massive galaxies are thought to harbor nuclear supermassive black holes (SMBHs), observational evidence for SMBHs is slim at the low end of the mass function. Here, we explore the environmental dependence of the nucleation fraction by comparing two homogeneous samples of nearby field versus cluster early-type galaxies with uniform Hubble Space Telescope (HST) coverage. Existing Chandra X-ray Telescope data for both samples yield complementary information on low-level accretion onto nuclear SMBHs. Specifically, we report on dual-band (F475W and F850LP) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) imaging data for 28 out of the 103 field early-type galaxies that compose the AMUSE-Field Chandra survey, and compare our results against the companion HST and Chandra surveys for a sample of 100 Virgo Cluster early-types (ACS Virgo Cluster and AMUSE-Virgo surveys, respectively). We model the two-dimensional light profiles of the field targets to identify and characterize NSCs, and find a field nucleation fraction of 26%(+ 17%)(-11%) (at the 1 sigma level), consistent with the measured Virgo nucleation fraction across a comparable mass distribution (30%(+ 17%)(-12%)). Coupled with the Chandra result that SMBH activity is higher for the field, our findings indicate that, since the last epoch of star formation, the funneling of gas to the nuclear regions has been inhibited more effectively for Virgo galaxies, arguably via ram pressure stripping.</P>

Feeding of nano scale oats β-glucan enhances the host resistance against <i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> and protective immune modulation in zebrafish larvae

Udayangani, R.M.C.,Dananjaya, S.H.S.,Fronte, Baldassare,Kim, Cheol-Hee,Lee, Jehee,De Zoysa, Mahanama ACADEMIC PRESS LTD 2017 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.60 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, we prepared and characterized the oats origin of nano scale β-glucan (NBG) and investigated the immunomodulatory properties in zebrafish larvae. Newly prepared NBG (average particle size of 465 nm) was fully soluble in water. Zebrafish larvae survival rate was increased against pathogenic bacteria <I>Edwardsiella tarda</I>, when NBG was added to the water (500 μg/mL) compared to NBG non-exposed controls. Moreover, quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed up-regulation of immune functional genes including TNF-α, IL-1β, β-defensin, lysozyme, IL 10, IL 12 and C-Rel indicating higher survival rate could be due to stronger immunomodulatory function of NBG (500 μg/mL). Thus, non-toxic, water soluble and biodegradable NBG from oats could be considered as the potential immunostimulant for larval aquaculture.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nano size beta glucan of oats origin can enhance the diseases resistance in zebrafish larvae. </LI> <LI> Nano size beta glucan up-regulates the immune functional genes in zebrafish larvae. </LI> <LI> Non-toxic and biodegradable nano size beta glucan from oats would be a better immunostimulant for larval aquaculture. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A VIRULENT BACTERIOPHAGE SPECIFIC TO Aeromonas hydrophila

Dananjaya S.H.S.,Maheswaran Easwaran,Jin-young Choi,Baldassare Fronte,Jehee Lee,Hyun Jin Shin,Mahanama De Zoysa 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

X-RAY CONSTRAINTS ON THE LOCAL SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE OCCUPATION FRACTION

Miller, Brendan P.,Gallo, Elena,Greene, Jenny E.,Kelly, Brandon C.,Treu, Tommaso,Woo, Jong-Hak,Baldassare, Vivienne IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.799 No.1

<P>Distinct seed formation mechanisms are imprinted upon the fraction of dwarf galaxies currently containing a central supermassive black hole. Seeding by Population III remnants is expected to produce a higher occupation fraction than is generated with direct gas collapse precursors. Chandra observations of nearby early-type galaxies can directly detect even low-level supermassive black hole activity, and the active fraction immediately provides a firm lower limit to the occupation fraction. Here, we use the volume-limited AMUSE surveys of similar to 200 optically selected early-type galaxies to characterize simultaneously, for the first time, the occupation fraction and the scaling of L-X with M-star, accounting for intrinsic scatter, measurement uncertainties, and X-ray limits. For early-type galaxies with M-star < 10(10)M(circle dot), we obtain a lower limit to the occupation fraction of >20% (at 95% confidence), but full occupation cannot be excluded. The preferred dependence of log L-X upon log M-star has a slope of similar to 0.7-0.8, consistent with the 'downsizing' trend previously identified from the AMUSE data set, and a uniform Eddington efficiency is disfavored at similar to 2 sigma. We provide guidelines for the future precision with which these parameters may be refined with larger or more sensitive samples.</P>

Effects of dietary yeast beta-1,3-1,6-glucan on growth performance, intestinal morphology and chosen immunity parameters changes in Haidong chicks

Baoan Ding,Juanshan Zheng,Xiezhong Wang,Licheng Zhang,De Sun,Quanhu Xing,Andrea Pirone,Baldassare Fronte 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.10

Objective: This study investigated the effects of 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan added to the diet of Haidong chicks reared under hypoxic conditions, to ascertain the growth performances, immunity and intestinal morphology changes. Methods: A total of 750 chicks were divided into five groups and fed diets containing 0.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, and 2.0 g/kg 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan from yeast (G1, G2, G3, respectively), 0.2 g/kg Taylor rhizomorph and a control feed. Results: The body weight and body weight gain were higher in chicks fed 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan and Taylor rhizomorph than in control group. Feed conversion ratio significantly differed for G2 and G3 groups in comparison to control group. The relative weight of bursa was higher in G1, G2, and G3 groups. The white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly increased in groups fed 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan. The immunoglobulin G of serum peak appeared in the G3 group. The villous height of the duodenum was higher in 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan feed groups. In the jejunum, the villous height was higher in G2 and G3 groups and crypt depth for all the groups fed β-glucan. At ileum level the villous height and crypt depth was higher for groups G1, G2, and G3. Conclusion: The growth performance of Haidong chicks is improved when 10 and 20 g/kg 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan is included in the diet; hence, it is suggested that 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan be included in poultry diet to reduce and replace the use of antibiotics.

Effects of inulin diet supplementation on production performance, gut traits, and incidence of ascites in Haidong chicks under hypoxic conditions

Ding Baoan,Chen Lingyun,Lin Hao,Wang Xiezhong,Zhang Licheng,Ni Xiaoming,Pirone Andrea,Madigosky Stephen R.,Fronte Baldassare 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.3

Objective: Effects of inulin supplementation in diet of Haidong chicks under hypoxic conditions on production performance, intestinal morphologic change, microflora contents and the incidence of ascites were studied. Methods: Commercial male chicks (360) were randomly divided into 6 groups and were fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15 g/kg of inulin, respectively. Results: The body weight gain and feed intake were improved in chicks fed the diets supplemented with 0.1 and 0.125 g/kg of inulin, from d 1 to d 42 (p<0.05); moreover, blood parameters were positively affected when inulin was included in the diets and the thickness of the intestinal wall and muscle tissue in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tended to increase (p<0.05), and the villi height and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (p<0.05). Regarding the number of goblet cells in duodenum, jejunum and ileum tended to increase when chicks were fed the diets supplemented with 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15 g/kg (p<0.05) of inulin. When chicks were fed diets supplemented with 0.75 or 0.1 g/kg of inulin, a significant reduction of Escherichia coli counts in the cecum was observed; for a contrary, a significant increment of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was observed in cecum and ileum. Finally, supplementing the feed with inulin determined an overall reduction of ascites incidences in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Thus, the results observed in the present study clearly suggest that the diet supplementation with a quantity of inulin ranging between 0.1 and 0.125 g/kg, can improve growth performances, intestinal morphology, internal microbial balance and ascites incidence, in broiler chicks raised at high altitude area. Even though these findings may be of interest for the poultry industry, they may particularly be relevant in those areas characterized by high altitude such as Northwest China regions. Objective: Effects of inulin supplementation in diet of Haidong chicks under hypoxic conditions on production performance, intestinal morphologic change, microflora contents and the incidence of ascites were studied.Methods: Commercial male chicks (360) were randomly divided into 6 groups and were fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15 g/kg of inulin, respectively.Results: The body weight gain and feed intake were improved in chicks fed the diets supplemented with 0.1 and 0.125 g/kg of inulin, from d 1 to d 42 (p<0.05); moreover, blood parameters were positively affected when inulin was included in the diets and the thickness of the intestinal wall and muscle tissue in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tended to increase (p<0.05), and the villi height and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (p<0.05). Regarding the number of goblet cells in duodenum, jejunum and ileum tended to increase when chicks were fed the diets supplemented with 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15 g/kg (p<0.05) of inulin. When chicks were fed diets supplemented with 0.75 or 0.1 g/kg of inulin, a significant reduction of <i>Escherichia coli</i> counts in the cecum was observed; for a contrary, a significant increment of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> was observed in cecum and ileum. Finally, supplementing the feed with inulin determined an overall reduction of ascites incidences in comparison to the control group.Conclusion: Thus, the results observed in the present study clearly suggest that the diet supplementation with a quantity of inulin ranging between 0.1 and 0.125 g/kg, can improve growth performances, intestinal morphology, internal microbial balance and ascites incidence, in broiler chicks raised at high altitude area. Even though these findings may be of interest for the poultry industry, they may particularly be relevant in those areas characterized by high altitude such as Northwest China regions.