Long Range Cylindrically Guided Ultrasonic Wave Technique for Inspection

Balasubramaniam, Krishnan 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.23 No.4

In this paper, a review of the current status, on the use of long range cylindrically guided wave modes, and their interaction with cracks and corrosion damage in pipe-like structures will be discussed. Applications of cylindrically guided ultrasonic wave modes have been developed for inspection of corrosion damage in pipelines at chemical plants, flow-accelerated corrosion damage (wall thinning) in feedwater piping, and circumferential stress corrosion cracks in PWR steam generator tubes. It has been demonstrated that this inspection technique can be employed on a variety of piping geometries (diameters from 1 in. to 3 ft, and wall thickness from 0.1 to 6 in.) and a propagation distance of 100 meters or more is sometimes feasible. This technique can also be used in the inspection of inaccessible or buried regions of pipes and tubes. Like any non-destructive examination (NDE) method, the guided wave inspection method will have a defined false alarm rate and probability of detection, which will have to be determined. The associated signal-to-noise ratio of the NDE system under a field operating condition is also a factor that must be considered. The effects of the various parameters that influence the technique must be determined, such as accuracy, precision, and sensitivity guidelines, before attempting this technique for solving practical problems. Also, the procedures and limitations of applying this technique must be well understood for the successful implementation of this powerful technique. The method will substantially improve efficiency and reduce the inspection time and cost, especially when utilized as a precursor to a more detailed local inspection. Also, for critical have to be inspected, this technique provides an opportunity to perform NDE which otherwise may not be possible.

Case-control Study of Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Mumbai, India

Balasubramaniam, Ganesh,Saoba, Sushama,Sarade, Monika,Pinjare, Suvarna Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Background: In the year 2010, it is estimated that nearly 0.36 million new cases and 0.19 million deaths with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurred. In India, among males, NHL incidence rates vary across the country which has encouraged us to conduct a case-control study to study risk factors. Materials and Methods: The present unmatched hospital-based case-control study conducted at Tata Memorial Hospital included subjects registered between the years 1997-99. There were 390 'lymphoma cases' and 1,383 'normal controls. Results: Data on age, tobacco habits, occupational history, dietary factors, tea, coffee were collected by the social investigators. Univariate and multivariate methods were applied for obtaining the odds ratios for risk factors. Conclusions: In the study, cigarette smoking (OR=2.0) and bidi smoking (OR=2.8), were associated with excess risk of lymphoma. Among the dietary items, only consumption of mutton showed 7.3-fold significant excess risk for lymphoma. Consumption of milk showed a 6-fold excess risk (OR=1.5); while coffee showed a 50% reduction in risk for lymphoma. Among occupational exposure, exposure to use of pesticides showed 3-fold excess risk for lymphoma.

Prediction of the strength of self-compacting cementitious mix with glass fibre using machine learning

Balasubramaniam N,Padmanaban I 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.6

Self-compaction concrete possesses non-segregation characteristics and the ability to flow through the heavily reinforcedsection with required viscosity. The addition of fibres in SCC enhances the strength of the concrete and reduces the brittlenature. Many such fibres like plant fibres, basalt, the glass was used in SCC as single reinforcement or hybrid reinforcement. This article focuses on the prediction of the strength of SCC infused with glass fibres. The input data was derived from variouskinds of literature arranged in the format of nine input variables viz., cement, coarse and fine aggregate, water to powder ratio,superplasticizer, viscous modifying agent VMA, fly ash, GGBS/silica. A dataset of 128 samples collected was used to predictthe output variables such as compressive strength and flexural strength of SCC with glass fibres. The mathematical modellingwas deployed using ANN in MATLAB. The output of the developed model was assessed through RMSE (root mean squareerror) and R2 (regression coefficient). It was concluded that the model can further be utilized to predict the strength(compressive and flexural) of SCC concrete.

Faedo–Galerkin approximate solutions for stochastic semilinear integrodifferential equations

Balasubramaniam, P.,Syed Ali, M.,Kim, J.H. Elsevier 2009 COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS - Vol.58 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this paper, we consider a class of stochastic semilinear integrodifferential equations and prove the existence, uniqueness and approximate solutions in a separable Hilbert space. The convergence of solutions using Faedo–Galerkin approximations is established. For illustration, an example is worked out.</P>

BiRSM: bio-inspired resource self-management for all IP-networks

Balasubramaniam, Sasitharan,Botvich, Dmitri,Mineraud, Julien,Donnelly, William,Agoulmine, Nazim IEEE 2010 IEEE network Vol.24 No.3

<P>The increased complexity of communication systems has led to new challenges in network management and more specifically, efficient mechanisms to manage communication resources. The vision of autonomic networking aims to overcome these challenges by incorporating self-governance into communication network devices, in order to improve overall efficiency and minimize human intervention. Since biological systems exhibit properties that meet the requirements of self-governance, this article proposes a bio-inspired approach to efficiently manage resources in IP based core networks, called Bio-Inspired Resource Self-Management. The approach aims to provide a holistic solution for ISPs to manage their resources at different timescales as well as automating the interactions with underlying carrier network operators for dynamic resource provisioning. The implemented solution, in a simulator, has shown improved performance compared to traditional approaches.</P>

Hospital-based Study of Endometrial Cancer Survival in Mumbai, India

Balasubramaniam, Ganesh,Sushama, S.,Rasika, B.,Mahantshetty, U. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Background: Endometrial cancer is common in western women, and the rates are very high; however in India, the rates are as low as 4.3 per 100,000 (Delhi). Objective: To estimate the survival of endometrial cancer patients based on age, education, family history, tobacco habit, number of pregnancies, clinical extent of disease and treatment received. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out at the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, India, between 1999-2002. 310 cases treated in TMH were considered as eligible entrants for the study. Five-year survival rates were estimated using actuarial and loss-adjusted (LAR) methods. Results: The proportions of patients dying above 50 years of age, non-residents and illiterates was higher than their counterparts. 54.8% of patients had some form of treatment before attending TMH. There were only 4.2% tobacco-chewers and only 6.1% had a family history of cancer. There were 25.8% who had 3-5 pregnancies (not living children) and 38.1% did not remember the pregnancy history. The 5-year overall survival rate was 92%. The five-year rates indicated better prognosis for those aged less than 50 years (97%), non-tobacco-chewers (94%), with no family history of cancer (93%), with localized disease (93%) and those treated with surgery either alone or as a combination treatment (95%). Conclusions: The present study showed that endometrial cancer patients with localized disease at diagnosis have a good outcome in India. A detailed study will help in understanding the prognostic indicators for survival especially with the newer treatment technologies now available.

Existence of solutions for semilinear neutral stochastic functional differential equations with nonlocal conditions

Balasubramaniam, P.,Park, J.Y.,Vincent Antony Kumar, A. Pergamon Press 2009 Nonlinear analysis Vol.71 No.3

In this paper, by using fractional power of operators and Sadovskii fixed point theorem, the existence of mild and strong solutions of semilinear neutral functional differential evolution equations with nonlocal conditions is studied. The results are a generalization and continuation of the recent results on this issue. An example is provided to illustrate the theory.

Prostate Cancer: A Hospital-Based Survival Study from Mumbai, India

Balasubramaniam, Ganesh,Talole, Sanjay,Mahantshetty, Umesh,Saoba, Sushama,Shrivastava, Shyam Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Background: Prostate cancer is common in elderly men, especially in western countries, and incidences are rising in low-risk populations as well. In India, the age-standardized rates vary between registries. Under these circumstances we have estimated the survival of prostate cancer patients based on age, family history, diabetes, hypertension, tobacco habit, clinical extent of disease (risk group) and treatment received. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out at the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, India. During years 1999-2002, some 850 prostate cancer cases, including 371 new cases, treated in TMH were considered as eligible entrants for the study. Five-year survival rates using actuarial and loss-adjusted (LAR) method were estimated. Results: The patient population was distributed uniformly over the three age groups. A larger proportion of the patients were diagnosed at 'metastatic stage' and hormone treatment was most common. 20% patients had history of diabetes and 40% with hypertension. The 5-year overall survival rate was 64%. Survival was 55%, 74% and 52% for '<59 years','60-69 years' and '>70 years' respectively. Non-diabetic (70%), hypertensive (74%), with family history (80%) of cancer, with localized-disease (91%) and treated with surgery, either alone or in combination, (91%) had better survival. Conclusions: The present study showed that prostate cancer patients with localized disease at diagnosis experience a better outcome. Local treatment with either surgery or radiation achieves a reasonable outcome in prostate cancer patients. A detailed study will help in understanding the prognostic indicators for survival especially with the newer treatment technologies available now.

Lifestyle Factors Including Diet and Leukemia Development: a Case-Control Study from Mumbai, India

Balasubramaniam, Ganesh,Saoba, Sushama Laxman,Sarhade, Monika Nilesh,Kolekar, Suvarna Anand Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10

In India, among males, leukemia rates vary across the country. The present unmatched hospital-based case-control study conducted at Tata Memorial Hospital included subjects registered between the years 1997-99. There were 246 leukemia cases and 1,383 normal controls. Data on demographics, lifestyle, diet and occupation history were recorded. Cigarette (OR=2.1) and bidi smoking (OR=3.4) showed excess risk for leukemia. Odds ratios were 3.9 for fish-eaters, 0.40 for chilli eaters, 1.5 for milk drinkers and 0.60 for coffee drinkers, compared to non-drinkers/eaters. However, neither exposure to use of pesticides nor cotton dust showed any excess risk for leukemia.

1LL-6 Facile synthesis of N-doped reduced grapheme grapheme oxide decorated Fe₂O₃ as negative electrode for asymmetric supercapacitor application

( Balasubramaniam Saravanakumar ),( Santhana Sivabalan Jayaseelan ),고태훈,김학용,김병석 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.0