http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Ayesha Ismail,Bindu Noolu,Ramesh Gogulothu,Shyam Perugu,Ajumeera Rajanna,Suresh K. Babu 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.12
Murraya koenigii (curry tree) leaves are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and coumarins. Alkaloids from M. koenigii leaves have antianalgesic, antiulcerogenic, antiobesity, and antitumor activities. In this study, we tested the cytotoxic and proteasome-inhibitory potential of a total alkaloid extract (TAE) from M. koenigii leaves in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The TAE decreased cell viability with an IC50 of 14.4 μg/mL and altered growth kinetics of breast cancer cells. TAE (32 μg/mL) arrested cells (35%) in the “S” phase of the cell cycle and induced apoptosis. The 26S proteasome, a multicatalytic protease complex, promotes tumor cell proliferation and protects tumor cells from apoptosis. The TAE and mahanine, a carbazole alkaloid present in M. koenigii leaves, preferentially inhibited the trypsin-like, but not the chymotrypsin-like proteolytic activity of the proteasome with an IC50 of 162 μg/mL and 287 μM, respectively. In silico analysis of 26 compounds from M. koenigii leaves revealed significant docking scores for mahanine and two other carbazole alkaloids with the β2 and β5 subunits of the catalytic 20S proteasome. Taken together, this study demonstrates that inhibition of the proteasome is an important biological activity of M. koenigii alkaloids, which may lead to cancer cell death.
Ayesha SERFRAZ,Zartashia MUNIR,Ahmed Muneeb MEHTA,Md. QAMRUZZAMAN 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3
Nepotism practices have had a severe impact on the social, ethical, and economic culture of not only corporations but also countries in the modern world. Nepotism behavior not only discourages the determined and motivated employee, but also has a detrimental impact on the worker’s satisfaction, performance, and contribution to the firm’s success. This increases economic tensions due to workers’ dissatisfaction with their jobs and occasionally withdrawal intentions, resulting in poor economic activity and a decline in society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to see how organizations’ nepotism affects individual work happiness, withdrawal behavior, social and ethical values, and the country’s economic development. The study’s target audience was private-sector employees, including managers, non-managerial staff, and middle and lower-level employees. Convenient sampling was used to ensure that the target population was accessible and available. The findings demonstrated that organizational nepotism causes substantial harm not only to employees but also to businesses and the economy. The employee who is happy with his or her job and working environment is less likely to withdraw.
Ayesha Shah,Veenaa Pakeerathan,Michael P Jones,Purna C Kashyap,Kate Virgo,Thomas Fairlie,Mark Morrison,Uday C Ghoshal,Gerald J Holtmann 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.2
Background/AimsSystemic sclerosis (SSc) often is complicated by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). A systematic review and meta-analysis thus examined the prevalence of SIBO in SSc (SSc-subtypes), identify risk factors for SIBO in SSc and the effects of concomitant SIBO on gastrointestinal symptoms in SSc. MethodsWe searched electronic databases until January-2022 for studies providing prevalence rates of SIBO in SSc. The prevalence rates, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of SIBO in SSc and controls were calculated. ResultsThe final dataset comprised 28 studies with 1112 SSc-patients and 335 controls. SIBO prevalence in SSc-patients was 39.9% (95% CI, 33.1-47.1; P = 0.006), with considerable heterogeneity, (I2 = 76.00%, P < 0.001). As compared to controls, there was a 10-fold increased SIBO prevalence in SSc-patients (OR, 9.6; 95% CI, 5.6-16.5; P < 0.001). The prevalence of SIBO was not different in limited cutaneous SSc as compared to diffuse cutaneous SSc (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.46-2.20; P = 0.978). Diarrhea (OR, 5.9; 95% CI, 2.9-16.0; P = 0.001) and the association between SIBO in SSc and proton pump inhibitor use (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 0.8-6.4; P = 0.105) failed statistical significance. Rifaximin was significantly more effective as compared to rotating antibiotic in eradicating SIBO in SSc-patients (77.8% [95% CI, 64.4-87.9]) vs 44.8% [95% CI, 31.7-58.4]; P < 0.05). ConclusionsThere is a 10-fold increased prevalence of SIBO in SSc, with similar SIBO prevalence rates in SSc-subtypes. Antimicrobial therapy of SIBO-positive SSc-patients with diarrhea should be considered. However, the results must be interpreted with caution due to substantial unexplained heterogeneity in the prevalence studies, and the low sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic tests suggesting that the reliability of the evidence may be low.
Transformation of political elite as regime changes in Pakistan
Ayesha Shoukata,Edmund Terence Gomez 서울대학교행정대학원 2018 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.26 No.1
Burton and Higely [(2001). ‘The study of political elite transformations’, International review of sociology/Revue internationale de sociologie, 11(2): 181–199] argue that when elites of a society are not united this will lead to an unstable political regime. Consensual elite cohesion is only created through distinctive elite transformation. This essay attempts to elaborate their argument in Pakistan, by developing a link among a continuous regime shift from authoritarian to democratic governments and the political elites who keep transforming their structure accordingly. The technique followed for it is analysing the epochal events over time from pre-partition till date which became reason for regime transformations. The discussion focuses on the collusions and contestations of multiple power elites within given social context which are embedded under the international context. It concludes that political elites in Pakistan were always embraced by multiple other power elites who accordingly hold dual elite identity to control the command post in the political arena. Such complex elite structure makes it paradoxical to distinguish political elite of Pakistan from other power elites of Pakistan.
Ayesha Siddika,Tasnim Zahan,Lipy Khatun,Md. Rowshanul Habib,Md. Abdul Aziz,A. R. M. Tareq,Md. Habibur Rahman,Md. Rezaul Karim 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.9
This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidantactivity of methanol extract of Averrhoa carambollaLinn. leaves (MELA) using DPPH˙ and ABTS˙+ free radicalscavenging assays whereas its antineoplastic effectagainst Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) was assed usingviable cell count, life span, body weight gain and hematologicalparameters of experimental mice. Results showedthat rich phenolic and flavonoid content of MELA hadmoderate dose dependent free radical scavenging activity(IC50: 62.0 lg/mL for DPPH˙ and 6.0 lg/mL for ABTS˙+). In vivo antineoplastic assay, MELA significantly(P\0.05) decreased viable cells and body weight gain,increased the survival time and restored altered hematologicalprofiles of cancer cell bearing mice. Fluorescencemicroscopic view of EAC cells derived from MELA-treatedgroup showed apoptotic characteristics and this observationwas also supported by overexpression of proapoptoticgenes coding p53 and Bax proteins in treatedcancer cells. The anti-apoptotic genes coding Bcl-2 proteinwas also absent in treated EAC cells as compared with thecontrol. Moreover, phytochemical profiles of MELA asidentified by GC/MS analysis are also consistent with itsactivities.
Does the Pricing Mechanism Affect the IPO Flipping Activity in Pakistan?
Ayesha ANWAR,Rasidah MOHD-RASHID 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.1
This paper explores the relationship between price mechanism and flipping activity of initial public offerings (IPOs) in Pakistan’s emerging economy. This study uses a cross-sectional data set of 95 firms listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2019. This study employs the ordinary least square and quantile regression techniques to capture the relationship between price mechanism and flipping activity. The results show that book-built IPOs flip substantially less than fixed-price IPOs. This is consistent with the signaling theory assertion that roadshows are arranged by underwriters to capture investors’ demand and set the offer prices of IPOs. If investors learn the fair values of quality IPOs, then the offer prices will be close to the intrinsic values, thus reducing flipping. The findings also provide conclusive evidence for understanding the usefulness of and the more relevant information regarding the pricing mechanism. In particular, it provides a better understanding of how companies actually use the pricing mechanism information in the flipping of IPO shares. The results of this study are also valuable to underwriters, and regulators, for instance, provides underwriters with the discretion to allocate the IPO shares and the SECP, in revising regulation on the disclosure of IPO pricing methods.
A Comparative Analysis on Machine Learning based Intelligent Forwarding Schemes in VNDN
Ayesha Siddiqa,Muhammad Toaha Raza Khan,Md.Mahmudul Islam,Muhammad Ashar Tariq,Malik Muhammad Saad,Dongkyun Kim 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2
Vehicular named data networks (VNDN) schemes use predefined routing information for communication rather than dynamic network information. Therefore, the researchers encourage to integrate the machine learning (ML) algorithms in VNDN for intelligent communication. In this paper, we have discussed the machine learning (ML) based vehicular named data network (VNDN) schemes for intelligent packet forwarding in highly dynamic topology. We have discussed the intelligent ML-VNDN forwarding schemes which take dynamic network information for interest/data forwarding to increase communication efficiency. Moreover, this article explains the comparative analysis between naïve VNDN schemes and ML-based NDN schemes, also discussed their future directions.