Laxative Choice and Treatment Outcomes in Childhood Constipation: Clinical Data in a Longitudinal Retrospective Study

Atchariya Chanpong,Seksit Osatakul 대한소아소화기영양학회 2018 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: Functional constipation (FC) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) problem affecting children’s well-being and quality of life. Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) is recommended as the first line therapy, it is not always applicable in lower socioeconomic populations. Hence, this study aimed to compare clinical courses of FC in children treated with different medications in order to identify prognostic factors related to treatment outcomes.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients aged ≤15 years diagnosed with FC according to the Rome IV criteria from 2007 to 2015 at the GI clinic, Songklanagarind Hospital. Baseline characteristic, medical history, and treatment outcomes were collected at first and subsequent visits. Results: Exactly104 patients (median age at diagnosis, 2.8 years) were diagnosed with FC. The number of follow-up visits per patient ranged from 1 to 35. The median duration of follow-up was 18.0 months (range, 6.0-84.2 months). PEG was given to 21% of patients. During the follow up period, 76% of patients experienced first recovery with a median time to recovery of 9.8 months. There were no significant differences in time until first recovery and relapse between patients who received and those who did not receive PEG (p=0.99 and 0.06, respectively). Age >6 years, normal defecation frequency, no history of cow’s milk protein allergy, and use of laxatives were associated with suc-cessful outcomes. Conclusion: Treatment outcomes between patients who had and never had PEG demonstrated no significant differ-ence in our study. Hence, current practices in laxative prescriptive patterns may be effective.

A Thermosensitive Chitosan/Corn Starch/β-Glycerol Phosphate Hydrogel Containing TGF-β1 Promotes Differentiation of MSCs into Chondrocyte-Like Cells

Atchariya Faikrua,Sakchai Wittaya-areekul,Bovornlak Oonkhanond,Jarupa Viyoch 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2014 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.11 No.5

Our previous study showed that thermosensitive chitosan/corn starch/β-glycerol phosphate (C/S/β-GP)hydrogel was an effective carrier for chondrocytes and their transforming factor, TGF-β1. In the present study, MSCs were grown in C/S/β-GP hydrogels as an effective tool for chondrocyte-like cell differentiation. The MSCs –encapsulated hydrogel was prepared by blending chitosan solution (1.70% w/v in 0.1 M HCl) with pregelatinized corn starch solution(1.70% w/v). The total final concentration of the blended polymers was 1.53% w/v, and the weight ratio of chitosan to corn starch was 4 to 1. The TGF-β1 (final concentration of 25 ng/mL) and 5 × 105 MSCs were added to 500 μL chitosan/starch solution. Finally, β-GP (60% w/v) was added to obtain 6.0% w/v final concentration. The C/S/β-GP hydrogel changed from a liquid at room temperature to a gel at 37 ± 2oC. It converted the fibroblast-likeMSCs into spheroid cells. In hydrogels containing TGF-β1, these cells further differentiated into chondrocyte-like cells. This was shown by their expressions of type II collagen and aggrecan mRNA. Type I collagen mRNA was initially expressed but this disappeared by 6 weeks in culture suggesting a complete chondrocyte differentiation by that time. Type II collagen protein production was detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, and successively increased after 4-6 weeks in culture. Neither the mRNA nor the collagen expression could be detected in the absence of TGF-β1. The data indicate that MSCs would be an appropriate chondrocyte precursor in conjunction with our hydrogel loading TGF-β1 which is able to sustain chondrocyte function.

Laxative Choice and Treatment Outcomes in Childhood Constipation: Clinical Data in a Longitudinal Retrospective Study

Chanpong, Atchariya,Osatakul, Seksit The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2018 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: Functional constipation (FC) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) problem affecting children's well-being and quality of life. Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) is recommended as the first line therapy, it is not always applicable in lower socioeconomic populations. Hence, this study aimed to compare clinical courses of FC in children treated with different medications in order to identify prognostic factors related to treatment outcomes. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients aged ${\leq}15$ years diagnosed with FC according to the Rome IV criteria from 2007 to 2015 at the GI clinic, Songklanagarind Hospital. Baseline characteristic, medical history, and treatment outcomes were collected at first and subsequent visits. Results: Exactly104 patients (median age at diagnosis, 2.8 years) were diagnosed with FC. The number of follow-up visits per patient ranged from 1 to 35. The median duration of follow-up was 18.0 months (range, 6.0-84.2 months). PEG was given to 21% of patients. During the follow up period, 76% of patients experienced first recovery with a median time to recovery of 9.8 months. There were no significant differences in time until first recovery and relapse between patients who received and those who did not receive PEG (p=0.99 and 0.06, respectively). Age >6 years, normal defecation frequency, no history of cow's milk protein allergy, and use of laxatives were associated with successful outcomes. Conclusion: Treatment outcomes between patients who had and never had PEG demonstrated no significant difference in our study. Hence, current practices in laxative prescriptive patterns may be effective.

Antibacterial Activity of Coffea robusta Leaf Extract against Foodborne Pathogens

Yosboonruang Atchariya,Ontawong Atcharaporn,Thapmamang Jadsada,Duangjai Acharaporn 한국미생물·생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.8

The purpose of this study was to examine the phytochemical compounds and antibacterial activity of Coffea robusta leaf extract (RLE). The results indicated that chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a major component of RLE. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of RLE against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium were 6.25, 12.5, 12.5, and 12.5 mg/ml, respectively. RLE effectively damages the bacterial cell membrane integrity, as indicated by the high amounts of proteins and nucleic acids released from the bacteria, and disrupts bacterial cell membrane potential and permeability, as revealed via fluorescence analysis. Cytotoxicity testing showed that RLE is slightly toxic toward HepG2 cells at high concentration but exhibited no toxicity toward Caco2 cells. The results from the present study suggest that RLE has excellent potential applicability as an antimicrobial in the food industry.

Intraspecific Hybridization of Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) Strains from Thailand and Korea

민기식,Wej Choochote,Atchariya Jitpakdi,김세주,김원,정종우,Anuluck Junkum 한국분자세포생물학회 2002 Molecules and cells Vol.14 No.2

Anopheles (Anopheles) sinensis [Wiedemann (1828)] is a member of the hyrcanus species group, and it has been incriminated as the natural or experimental ma-laria vectors in the Republic of Korea, Japan, China, and Indonesia. In Thailand, however, An. sinensis seems to be of little medical importance. Hybridization tests among the three iso-female lines (isolines) of An. sinensis [i.e., Form A (X, Y1) and Form B (X, Y2) (Thailand strain), and Form B (X, Y2) (Korean strain)] were established based on two distinct types of meta-phase chromosomes and geographical differences. The chromosomal form of the Korean strain was first iden-tified from this study. Results of reciprocal and back crosses indicated that both karyotypic forms of the An. sinensis Thailand and Korean strains were genetically compatible, and provided viable progenies and com-pletely synaptic polytene chromosomes. The sequences of the rDNA internal-transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) among the An. sinensis strains were nearly identical to each other, and the intraspecific sequence variability was very low (0.0-0.6%). Sequence comparisons among the cryptic inter-species (i.e., An. sinensis, An. lesteri, and An. yatsushiroensis), however, revealed ex-tensive divergence, and the intraspecific variability ranged from 12.2 to 34.6%. Therefore, it is concluded from these results and previous vector ability studies that the An. sinensis Forms A and B exhibit cytological polymorphic races that have different vector abilities in their transmission of malaria, depending on their geo-graphical locations.

Restoring Ampicillin Sensitivity in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Following Treatment in Combination with Coffee Pulp Extracts

Rawangkan Anchalee,Yosboonruang Atchariya,Kiddee Anong,Siriphap Achiraya,Pook-In Grissana,Praphasawat Ratsada,Saokaew Surasak,Duangjai Acharaporn 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.9

Escherichia coli, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, is a serious cause of healthcareassociated infections. Development of novel antimicrobial agents or restoration of drug efficiency is required to treat MDR bacteria, and the use of natural products to solve this problem is promising. We investigated the antimicrobial activity of dried green coffee (DGC) beans, coffee pulp (CP), and arabica leaf (AL) crude extracts against 28 isolated MDR E. coli strains and restoration of ampicillin (AMP) efficiency with a combination test. DGC, CP, and AL extracts were effective against all 28 strains, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5–50 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration of 25–100 mg/ml. The CP–AMP combination was more effective than CP or AMP alone, with a fractional inhibitory concentration index value of 0.01. In the combination, the MIC of CP was 0.2 mg/ml (compared to 25 mg/ml of CP alone) and that of AMP was 0.1 mg/ml (compared to 50 mg/ml of AMP alone), or a 125-fold and 500-fold reduction, respectively, against 13-drug resistant MDR E. coli strains. Time-kill kinetics showed that the bactericidal effect of the CP–AMP combination occurred within 3 h through disruption of membrane permeability and biofilm eradication, as verified by scanning electron microscopy. This is the first report indicating that CP–AMP combination therapy could be employed to treat MDR E. coli by repurposing AMP.

Establishment of a Self-Mating Mosquito Colony of Anopheles sinensis From Korea

김세주,Wej CHOOCHOTE,Atchariya JITPAKDI,Anuluck JUNKUM,박수준,민기식 한국곤충학회 2003 Entomological Research Vol.33 No.4

Many Korean entomologists have attempted to colonize Anopheles sinensis Korean strain, a primary malaria vector in Korea, previous efforts, however, were unsuccessful. Only a study that a successful colonization of An. sinensis Korean strain over 5 generations was recently reported. Recently we obtained a self-mating colony from this mosquito strain. The original colony was established from progenies obtained from females collected from So-Rae District, Incheon, Republic of Korea (ROK), and was maintained for 23 successive generations. While the adult females of .rst .ve generations were fed on humans as a source of blood, those of the subsequent 18 generations were fed on white rats as a source of blood. A self-mating colony was initiated from the 9th generation by rearing 200 and 300 newly emerged females and males, respectively, in a 30×30×30 cm cage. The insemination rates increased from approximately 40% to 81% by the 20th generation. Comparisons of biological aspects between arti.cial mating and self-mating colonies are reported.

Evidence for a Conspecific Relationship between Two Morphologically and Cytologically Different Forms of Korean Anopheles pullus Mosquito

민기식,Soo-Joon Park,Wej Choochote,Atchariya Jitpakdi,Anuluck Junkum,김세주,Narissara Jariyapan,Jae-Won Park 한국분자세포생물학회 2003 Molecules and cells Vol.16 No.3

Establishment of a Self-­Mating Mosquito Colony of Anopheles sinensis From Korea

Kim, Se-Joo,Choochote, Wej,Jitpakdi, Atchariya,Junkum, Anuluck,Park, Soo-Joon,Min, Gi-Sik 한국곤충학회 2003 Entomological Research Vol.33 No.4

Many Korean entomologists have attempted to colonize Anopheles sinensis Korean strain, a primary malaria vector in Korea, previous efforts, however, were unsuccessful. Only a study that a successful colonization of An. sinensis Korean strain over 5 generations was recently reported. Recently we obtained a self­mating colony from this mosquito strain. The original colony was established from progenies obtained from females collected from So­Rae District, Incheon, Republic of Korea (ROK), and was maintained for 23 successive generations. While the adult females of first five generations were fed on humans as a source of blood, those of the subsequent 18 generations were fed on white rats as a source of blood. A self­mating colony was initiated from the $9^{th}$ generation by rearing 200 and 300 newly emerged females and males, respectively, in a $30{\times}30{\times}30\;cm$ cage. The insemination rates increased from approximately 40% to 81% by the $20^{th}$ generation. Comparisons of biological aspects between artificial mating and self­mating colonies are reported.

Comparison of antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and chemical profiles of three coffee (Coffea arabica L.) pulp aqueous extracts

Acharaporn Duangjai,Nungruthai Suphrom,Jukkrit Wungrath,Atcharaporn Ontawong,Nitra Nuengchamnong,Atchariya Yosboonruang 한국한의학연구원 2016 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.5 No.4

Background This study explored the bioactivities and nutrient compositions of coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) pulp which was prepared in three different ways [Coffee Pulp Extracts (CPE) 1–3]. Methods The coffee pulp was prepared in three different ways by distinct selecting and freezing processes. The nutritional values, polyphenol contents, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties of the coffee pulp as well as the characterization of the active ingredients by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) were evaluated. Results The chemical profiles of three aqueous extracts were compared and characterized using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. They showed slightly different nutrient compositions. The total phenolic content was highest in CPE1, and decreased in the following order: CPE1 > CPE2 > CPE3. Among the CPEs tested, CPE1 showed the most potent antioxidant activity with IC50 18 μg/mL and 82 μg/mL by 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl assay, respectively. Chlorogenic acid and caffeine were the most prominent in CPE1 and it contained more compounds than the others. Moreover, CPE1 demonstrated antibacterial activity against both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). Conclusion These findings indicated that CPE1 has powerful nutrients with antioxidant and antibacterial properties—the potency of which is impacted by the preparation process.