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Impacts of Selection for Spike Length on Heat Stress Tolerance in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Asmaa M. Mohamed,Mohamed K. Omara,Mahmoud A. El-Rawy,Mohamed I. Hassan 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.2
Two consecutive cycles of selection were imposed on five F2 populations of bread wheat. The first cycle was a divergent selection for spike length conducted in favorable environment (optimal sowing date) and the response was measured under favorable and heat stress conditions of a late sowing date. Positive responses to selection for longer spikes were obtained under favorable (13.43%) heat stress (8.66%) conditions, whereas the responses for shorter spikes were 2.24 and 5.02% in the two environments, respectively. The realized heritability of spike length was greater under favorable conditions (0.25-0.56) than under heat stress (0.18- 0.41). Concurrent positive responses to selection for longer spikes were obtained in grain yield per spike under favorable (25.35%) and heat stress (13.65%) environments. Selection for greater number of grains per spike imposed on F3 plants selected for spike length under heat stress resulted in significant responses (14.65%). Selection for greater number of grains per spike resulted in correlated responses in grain yield per spike (17.64%). The concurrent positive responses produced in spike length in F4 with selection for number of grains per spike (averaged 9.20%) was almost equal to that produced by the direct selection in F3 (8.66%), indicating that selection advance effected in F3 has been maintained in F4. High F4/F3 regression was obtained for spike length under heat stress (b = 0.85 ± 0.07), indicating high heritability. In conclusion, phenotypic selection for longer spikes under heat stress followed by a cycle of selection for number of grains per spike was capable of improving heat tolerance in wheat.
Asmaa M. Arafa,Afaf E. Abdel-Ghany,Samih I. El-Dahmy,Sahar Abdelaziz,Yassin El-Ayouty,Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.4
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) catalyzes the reversible deamination of phenylalanine to cinnamic acid and ammonia. Algae have been considered as biofactories for PAL production, however, biochemical characterization of PAL and its potency for myristicin biotransformation into MMDA (3-methoxy-4, 5-methylenedioxyamphetamine) has not been studied yet. Thus, PAL from Anabaena flos-aquae and Spirulina platensis has been purified, comparatively characterized and its affinity to transform myristicin was assessed. The specific activity of purified PAL from S. platensis (73.9 μmol/mg/min) and A. flos-aquae (30.5 μmol/mg/min) was increased by about 2.9 and 2.4 folds by gel-filtration comparing to their corresponding crude enzymes. Under denaturing-PAGE, a single proteineous band with a molecular mass of 64 kDa appeared for A. flos-aquae and S. platensis PAL. The biochemical properties of the purified PAL from both algal isolates were determined comparatively. The optimum temperature of S. platensis and A. flos-aquae PAL for forward or reverse activity was reported at 30oC, while the optimum pH for PAL enzyme isolated from A. flos-aquae was 8.9 for forward and reverse activities, and S. platensis PAL had maximum activities at pH 8.9 and 8 for forward and reverse reactions, respectively. Luckily, the purified PALs have the affinity to hydroaminate the myristicin to MMDA successfully in one step. Furthermore, a successful method for synthesis of MMDA from myristicin in two steps was also established. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to track the product formation.
New Scattering Matrix Model for Modeling Ferrite Media Using the TLM Method
Asmaa Zugari,Soufiane El Adraoui,Mohamed Iben Yaich,Mohsine Khalladi 한국전자통신연구원 2012 ETRI Journal Vol.34 No.4
This paper aims to extend the transmission line matrix method with a hybrid symmetrical condensed node (HSCN) to model ferrite media in the time domain. To take into account the anisotropy and dispersive properties of ferrite media, equivalent current sources are incorporated into supplementary stubs of the original HSCN. The scattering matrix of the proposed HSCN is provided, and the validity of this approach is demonstrated for both transversely and longitudinally magnetized ferrites. Agreement is achieved between the results of this approach and those of the theoretical and the finite-difference time-domain method.
Variable Range Hopping in a Dilute GaAs/AlGaAs Hole System
Asmaa Chakhmane,Hassan El Idrissi,Abdelhamid El Kaaouachi,Mohamed Errai,Abdellatif El Oujdi,Adil Echchelh 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.75 No.5
In this work, we conducted an investigation concerning low-temperature electrical transport phenomena in a two-dimensional (2D) GaAs hole gas. The different carrier densities of the sample locate them on the insulating side of the metal-insulator transition (MIT). Two theoretical models of variable range hopping (VRH) conduction according to Mott (Mott VRH region) and according to Efros-Shklovskii (ES VRH region) are used in the modeling of the experimental measurements obtained by Qiuet \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{108}, 106404 (2012)].
Asmaa, Mat Jusoh Siti,Al-Jamal, Hamid Ali Nagi,Ang, Cheng Yong,Asan, Jamaruddin Mat,Seeni, Azman,Johan, Muhammad Farid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1
Background: Pereskia sacharosa is a genus of cacti widely used in folk medicine for cancer-related treatment. Anti-proliferative effects have been studied in recent years against colon, breast, cervical and lung cancer cell lines, with promising results. We here extended study of anti-proliferative effects to a blood malignancy, leukemia. Materials and Methods: Two leukemic cell lines, MV4-11 (acute myeloid leukemia) and K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia), were studied. $IC_{50}$ concentrations were determined and apoptosis and cell cycle regulation were studied by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of apoptosis and cell-cycle related regulatory proteins was assessed by Western blotting. Results: P sacharosa inhibited growth of MV4-11 and K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The mode of cell death was via induction of intrinsic apoptotic pathways and cell cycle arrest. There was profound up-regulation of cytochrome c, caspases, p21 and p53 expression and repression of Akt and Bcl-2 expression in treated cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that P sacharosa induces leukemic cell death via apoptosis induction and changes in cell cycle checkpoint, thus deserves further study for anti-leukemic potential.
Asmaa Bakr,Kazuo Hara,Moaz Elshair,Shin Haba,Takamichi Kuwahara,Nozomi Okuno,Daiki Fumihara,Takafumi Yanaidani,Samy Zaky,Hanaa Omar 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.3
Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) using oblique-view EUS in patients with a surgically altered anatomy (SAA) of the upper gastrointestinal tract is limited because of difficult scope insertion due to the disturbed anatomy. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of forward-view (FV)-EUS in performing FNA in patients with a SAA. Methods: We retrospectively investigated 32 patients with a SAA of the upper gastrointestinal tract who visited Aichi Cancer Center Hospital in Nagoya, Japan, between January 2014 and December 2020. We performed upper gastrointestinal EUS-FNA using FV-EUS combined with fluoroscopic imaging to confirm tumor recurrence or to make a decision before chemotherapy or after a failure of diagnosis by radiology. Results: We successfully performed EUS-FNA in all studied patients (100% technical success), with the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of 100%, 87.5%, and 87.8%, respectively, with no complications. Conclusions: EUS-FNA using FV-EUS combined with fluoroscopic imaging is an effective and safe technique for tissue acquisition in patients with a SAA.
Asmaa TY Kishawy,Shimaa A Amer,Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack,MOHAMEDISLAM MOHAMED SAAD ELDIN,Ayman A. Swelum 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.8
Objective: The current study aimed to replace soybean oil in broiler diets with linseed oil, which is rich in omega-3 fatty acid supplemented with pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and measured its effect on broiler performance, carcass traits, lipid profile, as well as fatty acids composition, phenols and flavonoids content of broiler muscles and immunity of broiler chicks. Methods: A total of 300 1-day-old Cobb chicks were randomly allotted into six experimental groups, T1 fed on basal diet with soybean oil without any additives, T2 fed on basal diet with soybean oil with addition of 0.5 g/kg diet PPE, T3 fed on fed on basal diet with soybean oil with addition of 1 g/kg diet PPE, T4 fed on basal diet with linseed oil without any additives, T5 fed on basal diet with linseed oil with addition of 0.5 g/kg diet PPE and T6 fed on basal diet with linseed oil with addition of 1 g/kg diet PPE. The PPE supplementation with 0.05% improved final body weight with either soybean oil ration or linseed oil ration. Results: The PPE improved carcass dressing percentage in comparison with the control groups. Body fat levels decreased with increasing PPE levels, especially with a linseed oil diet. Replacing soybean oil with linseed oil decreased the total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in broiler serum. The PPE supplementation decreased serum total cholesterol levels and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The content of the breast muscle alpha linolenic acid improved after replacement of soybean oil with linseed oil in broiler diets. PPE supplementation increased the phenol and flavonoid content in broiler meat and increased lysozyme activity. Conclusion: Replacing soybean oil with linseed oil in broiler diets with the addition of PPE enriched muscle meat with omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants and improved broiler immunity and their serum lipid profile.
Asmaa A. Hendi,Mohamed A Eltaher,Salwa A Mohamed,Mohamed A. Attia,A.W. Abdalla 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.41 No.6
The size-dependent nonlinear thermomechanical vibration analysis of pre- and post-buckled tapered two-directional functionally graded (2D-FG) microbeams is presented in this study. In the context of the modified couple stress theory, the formulations are derived based on the parabolic shear deformation beam theory and von Karman nonlinear strains. Different thermomechanical material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent and smoothly vary in both length and thickness directions using the power law and the physical neutral axis concept is employed. The nonlinear governing equations are derived using the Hamilton principle and the resulting variable coefficient equations of motion are solved using the differential quadrature method (DQM) and iterative Newton’s method for clamped-clamped and simply supported boundary conditions. Comparison studies are presented to validate the derived model and solution procedure. The impacts of induced thermal moments, temperature power index, two gradient indices, nonuniform cross-section, and microstructure length scale parameter on the frequency-temperature configurations are explored for both clamped and simply supported microbeams.
New Optimization Model for Multi-Period Multi-Product Production Planning System with Uncertainty
Asmaa A. Mahmoud,Mohamed F. Aly,Ahmed M. Mohib,Islam H. Afefy 대한산업공학회 2019 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.18 No.4
The focus of this study is to develop a multi-period multi-product (MPMP) production planning system with uncertainty, and products demand (seasonal demand) uncertainty. Mainly, the problem aims reach the production levels ofeach product according to the uncertain demand for various periods, which depend on constraints of capacity, inventory, and resources. An analytical model proposed for this problem that can be categorized into two classes: non-linearand stochastic. The objective is to minimize the summation of variable production costs. As uncertain demand is adynamic stochastic data process in the planning horizon, it is considered as a tree model. Each stage in the demandtree model is related to a cluster of a period time. Hence, depending on the tree model for the fluctuation demand;Two-Stage Stochastic Programming (TSP) model is presented as an alternative for all demand scenarios. In some ofthe reviewed articles validation of the analytical model were missing, while other studies were missing either manufacturing set up costs or assumptions of seasonal demand. Therefore, this study proposes TSP model using SamplingAverage Approximation method (SAA) that is suitable for a production planning system in any manufacturing environment considering seasonal demand using optimization program (Lingo 16) to solve the mathematical model. Further, investigation of seasonal demand is performed using the multiplicative seasonal method, and the model validation was checked using Mathworks Matlab R2015a (64-Bit) considering manufacturing set up costs. Finally, somerecommendations for future research are suggested.