Characterization of Post-Rainy Season Grown Indigenous and Exotic Germplasm Lines of Sorghum for Morphological and Yield Traits

( Ashok Badigannavar ),( Ashok Kumar ),( G. Girish ),( T. R. Ganapathi ) 한국육종학회 2017 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.5 No.2

Sorghum is a major staple crop and vital for the marginal farmers in Asian and African countries. Landraces or germplasm lines adapted to biotic and abiotic stresses are the prime source of adaptive traits in the crop breeding programs. In order to assess the genetic variability, 141 exotic germplasm lines and 36 popular varieties were evaluated for eight agro-morphological traits. Wide range of values were observed for grain yield (6.6-124.4 g/plant), seed index (1.5-7.1 g/100 seeds), panicle length (8-44 cm) and panicle width (7.25 cm). High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for grain yield per plant. The values of broad sense heritability in the sorghum core population ranged from 0.75 to 0.99. Seed weight, days to flowering, panicle width and leaf area were significantly correlated with grain yield (P ≤ 0.01). Seed weight was positively correlated with panicle width (correlation coefficient 0.31), while negatively correlated with panicle length (correlation coefficient -0.15). Cluster analysis resolved all the genotypes into four major clusters. Among germplasm lines, TSG-313 had high seed weight of 7.05 g/100 seeds, while TSG-325 had highest grain yield of 124.4 g/plant as against control variety. Germplasm lines with high heritability scores would help us to utilise them in recombination breeding.

Cell death in culture: Molecular mechanisms, detections, and inhibition strategies

Anandrao Ashok Patil,Sachin Ashok Bhor,Won Jong Rhee 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.91 No.-

Mammalian cell cultures are widely used in the biopharmaceutical industry to produce monoclonalantibodies, vaccines, growth factors, etc. Cell death is an essential biological process for physiologicalgrowth and development, but it is a major problem in biopharmaceutical production in bio-industry. Celldeath within bioreactor occurs due to various intracellular and extracellular stresses. These stressesnegatively affect the culture longevity, overall product quality, and yield. Among all cell death types,apoptosis accounts for most of the cellular death in the bioreactor. The implementation and developmentof various strategies to prevent the cellular death are crucial for robust bioprocess development. Celldeath during culture can be prevented or inhibited by supplementing media with specific chemicals,synthetic inhibitors, and genetic cell engineering approaches. In this review, we classified and describeddifferent types of cell death and their molecular mechanisms and summarized the cell death inhibitionapproaches implemented to inhibit cell death for various applications.

Original Articvle : Successful Outcome of Refractory Chronic Constipation by Surgical Treatment: A Series of 34 Patients

( Ashok Kumar ),( Hm Lokesh ),( Uday C Ghosha ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.1

Background/Aims Chronic constipation is commonly managed medically, and surgical options have been advocated in patients with refractory symptoms. We aimed to study the role of surgical procedures in patients with constipation, refractory to medical therapy. Methods Data on 34 surgically managed patients with refractory chronic constipation during a 6-year period (March 2003 to May 2009) were retrospectively analyzed. Results All the 34 patients (24 males and 10 females, median age of 45 years [range, 18-77 years]) had symptoms for a long period (median 96 months [range, 12-360 months]) without response to medical treatment including biofeedback. Preopertive investigations included barium enema, colonoscopy, colonic transit study, defecography and anorectal manometry as indicated. Eight patients (23.5%) had slow transit constipation, 4 (11.8%) had Hirschsprung`s disease and 22 (64.7%) had rectal prolapse. Total colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis, anterior resection, Delorme`s procedure, resection rectopexy and Duhamel`s operation were the surgical procedures performed. Though 7 (20.6%) patients had post operative complications, there was no mortality. One patient whose symptoms recurred following anterior resection was successfully treated by total colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis. Median spontaneous bowel movements increased following surgical treatment compared to that while on medical treatment (1 per week [range, 0 to 3 per week] vs. 14 per week [range, 7-28 per week], P < 0.00001). Patients remained well during 3-60 months follow-up (n = 27). Conclusions Spontaneous bowel movements significantly increased following surgical operation for refractory chronic constipation, nature of which is dependent on underlying etiology and the expertise available. Careful preoperative work-up and selection of patients are critical for obtaining good functional results. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 19:78-84).

A Schematic Overview of the Current Status of Male Infertility Practice

Ashok Agarwal,Ahmad Majzoub,Neel Parekh,Ralf Henkel 대한남성과학회 2020 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.38 No.3

The practice of male infertility has dramatically evolved over the past few decades. This has been achieved after the realization of the important contribution the male counterpart holds in the couple’s infertility. It is also supported by a number of breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of this medical condition. Several tests to investigate sperm quality and function were introduced along with refinements and/or institution of novel surgical techniques that can correct several causes of infertility. This manuscript is aimed at highlighting the current state of male infertility practice in a robust, schematic method addressing a broader audience involved in the treatment of male infertility.

Tumour Suppressor Mechanisms in the Control of Chromosome Stability: Insights from BRCA2

Ashok R. Venkitaraman 한국분자세포생물학회 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.2

Cancer is unique amongst human diseases in that its cellular manifestations arise and evolve through the acquisition of somatic alterations in the genome. In particular, instability in the number and structure of chromosomes is a near-universal feature of the genomic alterations associated with epithelial cancers, and is triggered by the inactivation of tumour suppressor mechanisms that preserve chromosome integrity in normal cells. The nature of these mechanisms, and how their inactivation promotes carcinogenesis, remains enigmatic. I will review recent work from our laboratory on the tumour suppressor BRCA2 that addresses these issues, focusing on new insights into cancer pathogenesis and therapy that are emerging from improved understanding of the molecular basis of chromosomal instability in BRCA2-deficient cancer cells.

Plant Allelochemical Modifications Mediating Reproductive Behaviour in Moths

Ashok J. Tamhankar 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

A Pragmatic Approach of CRUD in Dynamic Composition of Web Services

Ashok Kumar P.S.,Gopal Krishna C. 한국산학기술학회 2012 SmartCR Vol.2 No.6

The Composition of semantic web services coordinates various web services into one complex service. The Ontology is Knowledge based management system. OWL (Web Ontology Language) has machine interpretability with Web contents, so OWL is highly supported by XML and RDF. OWL will provide additional vocabulary along with a formal semantics. CRUD will provide the persistent storage for all real world entities (objects) in repositories. In semantic web technology the CRUD operations are performed in the repositories to extend the search operations of specific items in the retail management system. In this paper we are confronting an approach to carry out CRUD operations in the Dynamic Composition of web services in retail management system. The Sample application in this paper is apparently based on the automatic object - ontology mapping with form generation by different party’s or suppliers. Finally this paper explains the development and privileges of CRUD operations in dynamic Composition of web services that to in retail management system.

MoS₂/그라핀 전극 기반 유연 스트레인 센서 연구

Ashok Chhetry,김현식(Hyunsik Kim),윤효상(Hyosang Yoon),박재영(Jaeyeong Park) 대한전기학회 2019 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.7

Effect of Oxidative Stress on Male Reproduction

Ashok Agarwal,Gurpriya Virk,Chloe Ong,Stefan S du Plessis 대한남성과학회 2014 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.32 No.1

Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples trying to conceive, and a male factor contributes to roughly half of these cases. Oxidative stress (OS) has been identified as one of the many mediators of male infertility by causing sperm dysfunction. OS is a state related to increased cellular damage triggered by oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). During this process, augmented production of ROS overwhelms the body’s antioxidant defenses. While small amounts of ROS are required for normal sperm functioning, disproportionate levels can negatively impact the quality of spermatozoa and impair their overall fertilizing capacity. OS has been identified as an area of great attention because ROS and their metabolites can attack DNA, lipids, and proteins; alter enzymatic systems; produce irreparable alterations; cause cell death; and ultimately, lead to a decline in the semen parameters associated with male infertility. This review highlights the mechanisms of ROS production, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ROS in relation to the male reproductive system, and recent advances in diagnostic methods; it also explores the benefits of using antioxidants in a clinical setting.

Immunomodulatory Response Induced by Ginseng

Ashok Kumar 고려인삼학회 2003 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.27 No.3

There has been continuing interest in the development of synthetic and natural compounds that modify the immune response particularly for the treatment of AIDS and cancer. During the past fifty years, numerous scientific studies have been published on ginseng.1) Modern human studies have investigated preventive effect of ginseng on several kinds of cancer,2-4) its long term immunological effect on HIV patients,5,6) its effect on cell mediated immune functions<br/> in healthy volunteers.7) Similarly non clinical studies on animal model system have studied the chemopreventive action of ginseng on cancer8,9) and immunological properties of ginseng.2, 10-16) The precise mechanism of action of ginseng, however, not clearly understood. Considering its wide-ranging therapeutic effects, this study is being undertaken to elucidate the general mode of action of ginseng, especially to test our hypothesis that its biological action may be mediated by the immune system.