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Anjana Solanki,Jaya Shrivastava,Sumant Upadhyay,Surbhi Choudhary,Vidhika Sharma,Poonam Sharma,Pushpendra Kumar,Praveen Kumar,Sheryl Ehrman,Vibha R. Satsangi,Rohit Shrivastav,Sahab Dass 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.2
The effects of high electronic energy deposition on the structure, surface topography, optical property and photoelectrochemical behavior of barium titanate thin (BaTiO3) films have been investigated by irradiating films with 120 MeV Ag9+ ions at different ion fluences in the range of 1 x 1011-3 x 1012 ions cm-2. Barium titanate thin films were deposited on indium tin oxide-coated glass substrate by solegel spin coating method. The structure of the film was crystalline with tetragonal phase. Surface topography was studied by atomic force microscopy detailing the values of roughness of the films. Maximum photocurrent density of 1.78 mA cm-2 at 0.4 V/SCE and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) of 0.91% was observed for BaTiO3 film irradiated at 1 x 1011 ions cm-2.
Several concepts of continuity in fuzzy m-space
Anjana Bhattacharyya 원광대학교 기초자연과학연구소 2017 ANNALS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS Vol.13 No.2
In this paper, we first introduce some open and closed sets in fuzzy $m$-space and give some interrelations between them. Afterwards, different types of continuity between fuzzy $m$-spaces have been introduced and characterized and also found the mutual relationships among themselves. Again different types of fuzzy $m$-compact spaces, fuzzy $m$-$s$-closed space and fuzzy $s$-Urysohn space are introduced and have shown that images of different types of fuzzy $m$-compact spaces under the functions defined in Section 4 are fuzzy $m$-$s$-closed space.
An efficient hybrid digital architecture for space vector PWM method for multilevel VSI
Anjana, K.G.,Aswini Kumar, M.,Biswas, Jayanta,Barai, Mukti The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.20 No.5
This paper presents an efficient, cost effective design implementation of a hybrid digital architecture for space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method for multilevel inverters (MLIs). The SVPWM method is one of the most popular real time PWM method for three phase voltage source inverter (VSI). The implementation of SVPWM method becomes complex with an increase in the number of levels in a multilevel inverter. The SVPWM method for multilevel inverter is a multitask system. The main constraint when it comes to implementing SVPWM for multilevel inverters is the processing of dwell time computation and the generation of PWM gate signals for all of the switches with an accurate delay. A hybrid hardware structure consisting of a simple low-cost, low-power dsPIC micro controller (dsPIC 30F4011) and a state of the art Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) (Cyclone V 5CGXFC5C6F27C7N) is used to implement SVPWM. The proposed hybrid digital architecture utilizes the advantages and resources of the dsPIC and FPGA. The hybrid digital architecture meets the timing constraints of multitasking through synchronization and parallelism. A communication interface between the dsPIC and the FPGA reduces the design complexity. The software overhead for the communication interface remains fixed for any number of levels. The hybrid structure of the digital architecture provides scalability for the SVPWM method with more number of levels in multilevel inverter. The operation of the proposed hybrid digital architecture is experimentally validated with an optimized SVPWM method for a five level VSI. An optimized region identification algorithm and simple dwell time expressions are described for a five level SVPWM. The input DC of the five level VSI is obtained from a differential power processing (DPP) based PV system. Experimental results under different operating conditions are presented.
Anjana Arora,Bharati A. Patil,Amandeep Sodhi 대한구강악안면외과학회 2015 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.41 No.2
Objectives: To assess the validity of the vertical tube-shift method using intraoral periapical radiography (IOPAR) for determining the relationship between the mandibular third molar roots and the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) canal in comparison with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Fifty impacted mandibular third molars were analyzed using the IOPAR vertical tube-shift method and CBCT. The relationship of the IAN canal to the impacted mandibular third molar was recorded as buccal, lingual or in line with the apex and was compared with CBCT findings. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the vertical tube-shift method in depicting the relationship (buccal/lingual/in line with the apex) of the IAN canal to the third molar root apex was calculated. Results: The sensitivity and specificity PPV and NPV of the IOPAR vertical tube-shift technique was found to be highest for a lingual relationship (100%) followed by buccal (94.4%, 92.3%, 97.1%, and 85.7%) and in line with the apex relationship (88.9%, 95.0%, 80.0%, and 97.4%) of the IAN canal with the third molar root apex, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between the IOPAR vertical tube-shift method and the CBCT with a P-value <0.01. Conclusion: The vertical tube-shift method can be used as an effective diagnostic tool in assessing the relationship of the IAN canal to the third molar root apex with high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV.
$\alpha$-$b$-regularity in a fuzzy topological space
Anjana Bhattacharyya 원광대학교 기초자연과학연구소 2024 ANNALS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS Vol.27 No.1
This paper deals with a new type of fuzzy separation axiom, viz., fuzzy $\alpha$-$b$-regular space by introducing fuzzy $\alpha$-$b$-open set as a basic tool. This newly defined class of sets is strictly larger than that of fuzzy open set as well as fuzzy preopen set, fuzzy semiopen set, fuzzy $\alpha$-open set and fuzzy $\beta$-open set. Also, we introduce new type of fuzzy compact space and a strong form of fuzzy $T_{2}$-space. However, three different types of functions are introduced and studied. Also the mutual relationships of these functions are established. Lastly some applications of these functions on the spaces introduced here are established.
Design and Analysis of Improved Iris-Based Gaze Estimation Model
Anjana Sharma,Pawanesh Abrol 한국정보과학회 2018 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.12 No.2
The detection accuracy of gaze direction mainly depends on the performance of features extracted from eye images. Limitations on the estimation of gaze direction include harmful infrared (IR) light, expensive devices, static thresholding, inappropriate and complex segmentation techniques, corneal reflections, etc. In this study, an efficient appearance cum feature-based detection model, namely, iris center-based gaze estimation (ICGE), has been proposed. The model is an extension of the earlier proposed glint-based gaze direction estimation (GDE) model and overcomes the above limitations. The ICGE model has been analyzed for GDE based on iris center coordinates using a local adaptive thresholding technique. An indigenous database using more than two hundred images of different subjects on a five quadrant map screen generates almost 90% accurate results for iris and gaze quadrant detection. The distinguishing features of the low cost, non-intrusive proposed model include a lack of IR and affordable ubiquitous H/W designing, large subject-camera distance and screen dimensions, no glint dependency, and many more. The proposed model also shows significantly better results in the lower periphery corners of the quadrant map than traditional models. In addition, aside from the comparison with the GDE model, the proposed model has also been compared with other existing techniques.