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Corruption research: A need for an integrated approach
Andris Zimelis 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2020 International Area Studies Review Vol.23 No.3
This article reviews the main corruption literature trends and theoretical foundations and points out the challenges of existing explanations of corruption. The emphasis on broad national-level variables limits our understanding of corruption and anti-corruption processes at the local level. Corruption studies also suffer from the bias of focusing on developing countries and nation-states. These shortcomings can be remedied by using an integrated approach to studying corruption in western countries and cities.
Crack development assessment using modal analysis in peridynamic theory
Andris Freimanis,Ainars Paeglitis 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1
If structural damage remains undetected and is allowed to grow, structure’s load-bearing capacity deteriorates, which can lead to costly repairs or in extreme cases its collapse. Modal analysis is widely used to detect structural damage because, when damage, such as cracks, is introduced, structure’s geometrical and/or mechanical properties change, and these changes can be used for damage detection. Peridynamics is a non-local alternative to the continuum mechanics theory that represents forces and displacements using integral equations, which are defined even with discontinuous displacement fields, thus making this theory an attractive option for damage modeling. In this paper, authors verify peridynamic (PD) modal analysis against finite-element (FE) results, and validate it against experimental modal analysis results. The modal solver was implemented in the open-source program Peridigm and four different damage configurations were considered for verification and validation. The results show close agreement between the PD and the FE results, and the PD and the experimental results. Moreover, PD modal frequencies are shown to have similar accuracy to experimental data as the FE results. It is also shown that the frequency shifts are comparable between all three types of modal analysis. The PD mode shapes agreed well with both the FE and the experimental mode shapes at all considered damage configurations. Furthermore, the change in mode shapes from the introduced damage is similar in all three analyses.
장기간의 작업으로 인한 손상 누적성 장애에 관한 연구 : Osram Sylvania , Inc. 의 사례 연구 Case Study at Osram Sylvania, Inc.
Freivalds,Andris,장성록 한국산업안전학회 1997 한국안전학회지 Vol.12 No.4
The purpose of this paper is to present design recommendations intended to reduce the risk of cumulative trauma disorders(CTD) at the Osram Slvania, Inc. The CTD risk index score is a method which quanitifies the risk factors to CTD incidence, namely extreme postures, high force elements, frequent damaging hand motions, and other miscellaneous factors. The risk index score quantified the jobs as a single composite value by weighting the scores for each risk factor. Jobs were prioritized for capital outlays in workstation redesign, and the factors of highest risk within each job could be identified. Three jobs which presented the greatest risk of CTD incidence were. redesigned ergonomically.
Plasmid Dimerization Increases the Production of Hepatitis B Core Particles in E. coli
Ieva Berza,Andris Dishlers,Ivars Petrovskis,Kaspars Tars,Andris Kazaks 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.5
Due to their icosahedral structure with a high density of B- and T-cell epitopes, hepatitis B virus (HBV)core (HBc) particles are used as components of novel anti-HBV vaccines. Previous experiments demonstrated that C-terminally truncated HBV core (HBcΔ) proteins,which lack the polyarginine domain, were produced more efficiently in E. coli compared with full-length HBc. We have established a tryptophan operon promoter-directed high-level production system of 145 amino acid HBcΔ(HBc145); however, the level of HBc145 synthesis varied among individual subclones. Further investigation revealed that the subclones exhibiting higher HBc145 synthesis also demonstrated plasmid dimerization, leading to HBc145yields that were 60 ~ 65% (mg/g) or 25 ~ 30% (mg/L)higher compared to clones containing a monomeric plasmid. These data were confirmed in at least three independent expression and purification events. Although plasmid dimerization is generally considered to inhibit plasmid stability in a growing cell population, it was found to have a positive effect on HBc145 synthesis and production in both Trp-deficient and Trp-rich media. This finding should be considered when planning large-scale production of HBc145.
Analysis of Tool Grip Tasks Using a Glove-Based Hand Posture Measurement System
Yun, Myung Hwan,Freivalds, Andris,Lee, Myun W. 한국경영과학회 1994 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
An efficient measurement and evaluation system for hand tool tasks will provide a practical solution to the problem of designing and evaluating manual tool tasks in the workplace. Few studies on the biomechanical analysis of hand postures and tool handling tasks exist because of the lack of appropriate measurement techniques for hand force. A measurement system for the finger forces and joint angles for analysis of manual tool handling tasks was developed in this study. The measurement system consists of a force sensing glove made from twelve Force Sensitive Resistors and angle-measuring glove (Cyberglove^TM, Virtual technologies) with eighteen joint angle sensors. A biomechanical model of the hand using the data from the measurement system was also developed. Systems of computerized procedures were implemented integrating the hand posture measurement system, biomechanical analysis system, and the task analysis system for manual tool handling tasks. The measurement system was useful in providing the hand force data needed for an existing task analysis system used in CTD risk evaluation. It is expected that the hand posture measurement developed in this study will provide an efficient and cost-effective solution to task analysis of manual tool handling tasks. These tasks are becoming increasingly important areas of occupational health and safety of the country.
Simulations Using a Whole-body Biomechanical Model
Jung, Eui S.,Freivalds, Andris 한국경영과학회 1990 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
Further developments on a dynamic biomechanical model are presented to assess musculoskeltal stresses and human responses. The model being developed is an extension of the Articulated Total Body (ATB) Model, originally developed by Calspan Corp. for the study of human dynamics during automobile crashes, later adopted to the U.S. Air Force to simulate the reactions of aircrew personnel to such forces typically encountered in various phases of flight operations. Further refinements were introduced by Freivalds and Kaleps (1984) to account for a human neuromusculature. In this study, modeling of active neuromusculature was described and simulations of whole-body human motion were performed using the ATB Model. It indicated the potential of using a muscularized biomechanical model coupled with CAD capabilities to simulate human responses in a variety of industrial settings as well. This will serve as a basis of incorporating computer aided design methods into a muscularized biomechanical models.