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Amos Zaki Talcott Farooqi 고려대학교 국제대학원 2017 국내석사
The highly centralized nature of Korean society has reflected itself in its music industry, which for decades has been headquartered in Seoul, controlled by just a handful of major labels, with little room for creative independence or the formation of local independent scenes in other parts of the country. However, in recent years hip-hop in Korea has emerged from the underground and into the mainstream, finding its way into the K-Pop industry and network television, as well as scoring independent success. It is a radical departure from the manufactured idol groups that have dominated the airwaves for quite some time. At the same time, a number of local independent hip-hop scenes have popped up around the country, in cities such as Gunsan, Gwangju, Busan, and Daegu. But how have these local independent hip-hop scenes emerged and how do they negotiate their position within the Korean music industry? This study seeks to explore the emergence of these local scenes through interviews with hip-hop artists and independent label heads, as well as participant observation of the scene between 2015 and 2016 in the cities of Gunsan, Gwangju, and Busan, as well as the town of Jangsu. An analysis of these interviews finds that the development of digital recording software and social media has played an essential role in the emergence of these scenes, providing easy access to high-quality recording and promotion, effectively decentralizing and democratizing Korean music media by giving birth to new independent labels as well as providing more flexibility for experimentation amongst hip-hop artists. Additionally, it is seen that while these localities have many differentiating characteristics, the scenes themselves, and the artists in them, hold many commonalities when it comes to the message of their music, their goals, and path taken as an artist. These commonalities are conducive to the development of new forms of identity that can establish a niche within the music industry and challenge social norms within Korean society as a whole.