Traditional Living Habits of the Taz Tundra Population

Sergey Mikhailovich Slepchenko,Sergey Nikolaevich Ivanov,Bagashev Anatoly Nikolaevich,Tsybankov Alexander Alekseevic,Slavinsky Vyacheslav Sergeyevi 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.5

Intraoperative fluorescence angiography as an independent factor of anastomotic leakage and a nomogram for predicting leak for colorectal anastomoses

Alekseev Mikhail,Rybakov Evgeny,Khomyakov Evgeniy,Zarodnyuk Irina,Shelygin Yuri 대한대장항문학회 2022 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.38 No.5

Purpose: Colorectal anastomotic leakage (AL) is a life-threatening complication, which increases morbidity, hospital stay and cost of treatment. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors, including intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG FA), associated with the leak of stapled colorectal anastomosis. Methods: Four hundred twenty-nine consecutive patients underwent surgery between 2017 and 2019 for benign (n=10, 2.3%) or malignant (n=419, 97.7%) and rectal (n=349, 81.4%) or distal sigmoid (n=80, 18.6%) lesions with double-stapling technique reconstruction were included into retrospective study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression of the tumor-, patient- and treatment-related risk factors of AL was performed. Results: An AL developed in 52 patients (12.1%). In multivariate analysis following variables were independently associated with AL; male sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9−7.7; P<0.01), anastomosis at ≤6.5 cm from anal verge (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3−7.5; P=0.01), and age of ≤62.5 years (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1−4.1; P=0.03). ICG FA was found as independent factor reducing colorectal AL rate (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2−0.8; P=0.02). A nomogram with high discriminative ability (concordance index, 0.81) was created. Conclusion: ICG FA is a modifiable surgery-related risk factor associated with a decrease of colorectal AL rate. A suggested nomogram, which takes into consideration ICG FA, might be helpful to identify the individual risk of AL.

On The Equilibrium Configuration of Two Reissner-nordstrom Objects and Repulsive Gravity

George Alekseev,Vladimir Belinski 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.31

A family of static asymptotically flat exact solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell equations that describe the field of two electrically charged massive objects (the Reissner - Nordstrom sources without any struts or strings between them) in equilibrium is discussed. The equilibrium is possible only when one of the sources is a black hole and the other is a naked singularity or when both sources are extreme black holes (Majumdar-Papapetrou situation). It is interesting that for a sufficiently short distance between the sources, even a neutral Schwarzshild black hole can “hang” freely in the field of a naked singularity; it seems that this phenomenon arises only due to the naked singularity creating a repulsive gravity effect. We stress that the repulsive gravity effect is not specifically due the naked singularity because regular matter sources exhibiting the same phenomena exist. One such source in the form of the Nambu-Goto spherically symmetric membrane is described. The point is that the membrane is able to cut out the central naked singularity region and at the same time to join in an appropriate way the Reissner-Nordstrom repulsive region.

ITER diagnostic shutters

Vorpahl, Christian,Alekseev, Andrey,Arshad, Shakeib,Hatae, Takaki,Khodak, Andrei,Klabacha, Jonathan,Le Guern, Frederic,Mukhin, Eugene,Pak, Sunil,Seon, Changrae,Smith, Mark,Yatsuka, Eiichi,Zvonkov, Ale North-Holland 2017 Fusion engineering and design Vol.123 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Numerous plasma-near mirrors of optical diagnostics in ITER require protection from erosion and deposition caused by impinging particles. This is achieved by 63 Diagnostic Shutters, which shall operate in vacuum under high thermal and neutron fluxes over 20 years without maintenance, ruling out standard engineering solutions. In fact, these conditions are unprecedented even on fusion devices. Hence, qualification R&D efforts are extensive, because if a shutter fails, so does the respective diagnostic.</P> <P>Shutter design tasks are widespread among Domestic Agencies and their suppliers, because every shutter is part of the diagnostic it shall protect when not in use. However, as these highly resembling systems have obvious synergy potential, a coordination strategy for all ITER shutters was implemented at IO.</P> <P>An extensive shutter experience collection including failure reports from 14 fusion devices was performed. These are summarized in the present work. For the first time, the state-of-the-art of shutters is thereby defined and assessed as to its applicability to ITER. Furthermore, design-driving environmental effects due to the specific operating conditions are recalled and evaluated. The findings of both assessments are put into context with the current designs of all ITER shutters. In a next step, these are reviewed with emphasis on synergies between different shutter systems. Finally, recommendations on necessary prototyping and generic components are given.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Plasma-near first mirrors of ITER optical diagnostics are protected by 63 so-called <I>Diagnostic Shutters.</I> </LI> <LI> Harsh conditions rule out standard engineering solutions. </LI> <LI> If a shutter fails, so does its diagnostic, impeding ITER operation. </LI> <LI> As a design starting point, the state-of-the-art was defined by an extensive experience collection, the most frequent causes of failure being increased friction, standard mechanical problems and operational loads. </LI> <LI> All current ITER shutter designs were reviewed, yielding a limited set of <I>critical</I> components: Actuators, bearings and vacuum feedthroughs. </LI> <LI> Consequent recommendations for necessary R&D in an integrated strategy for all shutters are presented. </LI> </UL> </P>

ONTOS OF THE TOPOS : ARCHETYPES OF URBAN CULTURE

A. M. Alekseev-Apraksin 경북대학교 인문학술원 2018 동서인문 Vol.0 No.9

도시는 세계 역사에 나타난 특별한 현상이다. 신석기 혁명 이래로 도시는 인공적인 환경을 만들어내려고 시도했고 그 시도는 다소 성공을 거두었다. 이것이 바로 도시가 인류문화에 기여한 역할이다. 도시화는 막대한 인적 자원을 동원하면서 그것이 진행되는 곳 어디에서나 자연과 소외되는 문화를 만들어냈다. 한편 도시는 또한 도시 주변의 방대한 지역에 중대한 영향을 미치고 흩어져 있던 독특한 특색들을 단일한 현상으로 축적하고 통합하면서 민족문화를 대표해왔다. 우리가 문화를 “자유의지를 지닌 1인칭 주체가 구현한 인간 활동” 같은 것으로 정의한다면 도시 문화의 궁극적인 토대는 다음 3가지가 될 것이다. 정신 물리학적인 생존 방식 모색, 특정한 기호학 체계를 창출하기 위한 더 나은 소통 방식 모색과 상징적 교환 기술 개발, 자아실현 방식과 초월적 실제가 그것이다. 이 글의 목적은 이러한 토대들과 도시 문화에 나타나는 3가지 전형적 차원들, 곧 “테크노-토포스”, “미디어-토포스”, “히에로-토포스”의 상관관계를 설정하는 데 있다. 우리가 도시 생활의 현대적 변화를 장기지속의 관점(이를테면 페르낭브로델의)에서 살펴볼 수 있게 된 것은 이제까지 밝혀진 도시 문화의 주요 차원들(원초적이고 안정적이며 보편적인 성격) 덕분이다. “새로운 고대”, “현대 노마디즘”, “도시 브랜드”, “스마트 시티”, “인터 타운” 등의 몇 가지 사례들은 전 세계적으로 도시 인구가 급증하는 가운데 도시 문화가 향후 어떻게 발전하게 될지 전망해보고 현대 도시 거주민들이 어떤 문제들을 안고 있는지를 가늠해보는 데 도움을 줄 것이다. Towns are a special phenomenon in the world history. Their role in the human culture was, since the ages of Neolithic revolution, strongly related to the more or less successful attempts to create some artificial environment. Taking hold of huge human resources, urbanization everywhere ultimately led culture to alienation from nature. In the meanwhile, culturology and general history allow us to suggest that towns, as playing decisive role for vast regions around them, have always been representatives of national cultures, accumulating and integrating all the dispersed distinctive features into a single phenomenon. If we define culture as some “motivated human activity realized by a free-willed subject in the first person” then the ultimate foundations of any urban culture will be these: 1. A search for ways to survive and recover psychophysically; 2. Looking for better communication and cultivating the skills of symbolic exchange leading to specific semiotic systems; 3. Ways of self-realization and transcendental practices. This article establishes a correlation between these and the three archetypical dimensions in urbanistic cultures, looking upon a town as a “techno-topos”, “media-topos” and “hiero-topos”. These principal dimensions of the urban culture, being brought to light, enable the author (thanks to their primordial, stable and universal character) to look upon contemporary transformations in the urban life from the point of view of la longue durée (cf. F.Braudel). A number of examples (“the New Archaic”, “contemporary nomadism”, a “town-brand”, a “smart city”, an “inter-town” etc.) help to demonstrate the problems of contemporary city dwellers and point out the prospects of towns cultural development amidst the urban population global increase.

Буддизм в современном Горном Алтае

Алексеев-Апраксин Анатолий Михайлович(Alekseev-Apraksin Anatoliy ) 경북대학교 러시아-유라시아 연구소 2022 러시아유라시아연구 Vol.8 No.-

В статье дается обзор буддийских традиций, получивших в наши дни распространение в Горном Алтае, который в 2003 году обрел статус традиционного буддийского региона России. Исследуются традиции Ак-Бурхан, Орден «Лотосовой сутры», Карма-Кагью и Юндруб Бон. Автор обращает внимание, что представленные традиции ориентированы на разные типы людей и представляют альтернативные пути к общей цели. У каждой имеется своя специфика и на нынешнем этапе, трудно выявить какая из них окажется более уместной и востребованной завтра. Бурятско-монгольская традиция большие усилия направляет на возрождение местных традиций и этнокультурного своеобразия. Эта активность дополняется поддерживаемым Далай Ламой тибетским буддийским трансфером, который служит своего рода камертоном классических форм обучения и эталонной практики Гелук. Японский трансфер, ориентирован на радикальное решение глобальных социальных повесток и локальных проблем современных алтайцев, работая на ментальное и физическое оздоровление населения. Метакультурный Алмазный путь - российско-европейский трансфер тибетской ваджраяны, ориентирован прежде всего на современных людей, которых не устраивает роль прихожан и которые заинтересованы в йогической самоактуализации вне обрядовых практик и монастырской жизни. Что же касается таинственной традиции Юндруб Бон, также направленной на самосовершенствование, то по мнению автора, она имеет значительный потенциал для содержательного раскрытия древнейших форм алтайского буддизма и культуры в целом. The article gives an overview of the Buddhist traditions spread in the region of the Altai Mountains. In 2003, it acquired the status of a traditional Buddhist region in Russia. The article contains research on Ak-Burkhan, Lotus Sutra Order, Karma Kagyu, and Yungdrung Bon traditions. The author underlines their orientation toward different personality types representing the alternative ways leading to the common goal. Each one of them has its features. At the present stage, it is difficult to identify which tradition will be the most appropriate and sought-after tomorrow. The Buryat-Mongolian tradition makes a lot of effort to restore local customs and ethnic and cultural diversity. The Tibetan Buddhist transfer supported by the Dalai Lama complements this activity and serves as the gold standard of classical forms of education and the Gelug practice. The Japanese transfer is oriented towards a radical solution to the global social issues and local problems of modern Altai people working to improve the mental and physical health of the population. Being the Russian-European transfer of Tibetan Vajrayana tradition, the metacultural Diamond Way is primarily oriented toward modern people who are not comfortable with their role as members of a Buddhist community but wish for yogic self-actualization outside the framework of ritual practices and monastic life. The author considers that the mysterious Yungdrung Bon tradition, which is also aimed at personal growth, has a significant potential for unfolding the most ancient forms of Altai Buddhism and culture in general.

ITER vacuum vessel structural analysis completion during manufacturing phase

Martinez, J.M.,Alekseev, A.,Sborchia, C.,Choi, C.H.,Utin, Y.,Jun, C.H.,Terasawa, A.,Popova, E.,Xiang, B.,Sannazaro, G.,Lee, A.,Martin, A.,Teissier, P.,Sabourin, F.,Caixas, J.,Fernandez, E.,Zarzalejos, North-Holland 2016 Fusion engineering and design Vol.109 No.1

Some years ago, analyses were performed by ITER Organization Central Team (IO-CT) to verify the structural integrity of the ITER vacuum vessel baseline design fixed in 2010 and classified as a Protection Important Component (PIC). The manufacturing phase leads the ITER Organization domestic agencies (IO-DA) and their contracted manufacturers to propose detailed design improvements to optimize the manufacturing or inspection process. These design and quality inspection changes can affect the structural margins with regards to the Codes&Standards and thus oblige to evaluate one more time the modified areas. This paper proposes an overview of the additional analyses already performed to guarantee the structural integrity of the manufacturing designs. In this way, CT and DAs have been strongly involved to keep the considerable margins obtained previously which were used to fix reasonable compensatory measures for the lack of In Service Inspections of a Nuclear Pressure Equipment (NPE).

Structural Design of the KSTAR Central Solenoid Structure

사정우,A. Arneman,A. Alekseev,C. H. Choi,D. P. Ivanov,H. K. Park,H. T. Kim,박주식,K. H. Hong 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III

The KSTAR central solenoid (CS) coils consist of 4 pairs of superconducting coils, which have updown symmetry and a set of structure with electrical insulation. The structure gives pre-compression in a vertical direction on the coil stack to sustain the contact between coils. The CS structure has the important design requirement that it should protect the CS coils from electromagnetic and thermal loads. The space inside the CS coil has complicated components such as long coil leads and cooling lines and there are many limits in designing the supports. Thus, in order to solve the interference problem between other structural components, a design for the CS structure has been proposed. Also structural analysis has been performed to verify the structural integrity.

Total neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer: a network meta-analysis of randomized trials

Sychev Sergey,Ponomarenko Aleksey,Chernyshov Stanislav,Alekseev Mikhail,Mamedli Zaman,Kuzmichev Dmitriy,Polynovskiy Andrey,Rybakov Evgeny 대한대장항문학회 2023 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.39 No.4

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for rectal carcinoma in comparison with conventional chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was done using NetMetaXL and WinBUGS. This study was registered in PROSPERO on March 3, 2022 (No. CRD-42022307867). Results: Outcomes of 2,719 patients from 10 randomized trials between 2010 and 2022 were selected. Of these 1,191 (44%) had conventional long-course CRT (50–54 Gy) and capecitabine, 506 (18%) had induction chemotherapy followed by CRT (50–54 Gy) and capecitabine (iTNT), 230 (9%) had long-course CRT (50–54 Gy) followed by consolidation chemotherapy (cTNT), and 792 (29%) undergone modified short-course radiotherapy (25 Gy) with subsequent chemotherapy (mTNT). Total pathologic complete response (pCR) was 20% in the iTNT group, 21% in the mTNT group, 22% in the cTNT group, and 12% in the CRT group. Statistically significant difference in pCR rates was detected when comparing iTNT with CRT (odds ratio [OR], 1.76; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.06–2.8), mTNT with CRT (OR, 1.90; 95% CrI, 1.25–2.74), and cTNT with CRT groups (OR, 2.54; 95% CrI, 1.26–5.08). No differences were found in R0 resection rates. No significant difference was found in long-term outcomes. Conclusion: The early administration of systemic chemotherapy in the TNT regimen has improved short-term outcomes, though long-term results are underreported. Randomized trials with survival as the endpoint are necessary to evaluate the possible advantages of TNT modes.

МЕТАКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ДИСКУРС: режимы производства значений

Алексеев-Апраксин Анатолий Михайлович(A.M. Alekseev-Apraksin),Морина Лариса Павловна(L.P. Morina) 경북대학교 러시아-유라시아 연구소 2020 러시아유라시아연구 Vol.4 No.1

The article is dedicated to the philosophical and cultural analysis of the modern meta cultural discourse. The authors draw attention to the heuristic potential of studies that consider intercultural communication as an interaction mediated by signs. They show that communication passes through the prism of a particular culture and society, therefore, the meanings of the same sign vary. It brings forth a number of problems pertaining to the interaction of cultures, often accompanied by a mismatch of thesauri and cultural codes, difficulties in concepts translating, as well as the dependence of the meaning production on interpretation and context. The article summarizes variants for using the term discourse in scholarly literature and focuses on understanding discourse as a system of meanings transmitted by language. It opens up perspectives for analyzing the essence and technologies of language manipulation used in global media discourses. Basing on theoretical conclusions and specific examples, the authors substantiate the thesis that language is not only a means of communication but also the most important instrument of power in modern society. In conclusion, it is inferred that the concept of discourse is important for a productive study of the contemporary multicultural world.