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Chemosensitization potential of P-glycoprotein inhibitors in malaria parasites
Alcantara, L.M.,Kim, J.,Moraes, C.B.,Franco, C.H.,Franzoi, K.D.,Lee, S.,Freitas-Junior, L.H.,Ayong, L.S. Academic Press 2013 Experimental parasitology Vol.134 No.2
Members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type transporter superfamily have been implicated in multidrug resistance in malaria, and various mechanistic models have been postulated to explain their interaction with diverse antimalarial drugs. To gain insight into the pharmacological benefits of inhibiting ABC-type transporters in malaria chemotherapy, we investigated the in vitro chemosensitization potential of various P-glycoprotein inhibitors. A fluorescent chloroquine derivative was synthesized and used to assess the efflux dynamics of chloroquine in MDR and wild type Plasmodium falciparum parasites. This novel BODIPY-based probe accumulated in the digestive vacuole (DV) of CQ-sensitive parasites but less so in MDR cells. Pre-exposure of the MDR parasites to non-cytocidal concentrations of unlabeled chloroquine resulted in a diffused cytoplasmic retention of the probe whereas a similar treatment with the CQR-reversing agent, chlorpheniramine, resulted in DV accumulation. A diffused cytoplasmic distribution of the probe was also obtained following treatment with the P-gp specific inhibitors zosuquidar and tariquidar, whereas treatments with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib or imatinib produced a partial accumulation within the DV. Isobologram analyses of the interactions between these inhibitors and the antimalarial drugs chloroquine, mefloquine, and artemisinin revealed distinct patterns of drug synergism, additivity and antagonism. Taken together, the data indicate that competitive tyrosine kinase and noncompetitive P-glycoprotein ATPase-specific inhibitors represent two new classes of chemosensitizing agents in malaria parasites, but caution against the indiscriminate use of these agents in antimalarial drug combinations.
Alcantara, Ethel H.,Kim, Dong-Hee,Do, Su-Il,Lee, Sang-Soo Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.4
The lysozymes encoded by bacteriophage T7 and K11 are both bifunctional enzymes sharing an extensive sequence homology (75%). The constructions of chimeric lysozymes were carried out by swapping the N-terminal and C-terminal domains between phage T7 and K11 lysozymes. This technique generated two chimeras, T7K11-lysozyme (N-terminal T7 domain and C-terminal K11 domain) and K11T7-lysozyme (N-terminal K11 domain and C-terminal T7 domain), which are both enzymatically active. The amidase activity of T7K11-lysozyme is comparable with the parental enzymes while K11T7-lysozyme exhibits an activity that is approximately 45% greater than the wild-type lysozymes. Moreover, these chimeric constructs have optimum pH of 7.2-7.4 similar to the parental lysozymes but exhibit greater thermal stabilities. On the other hand, the chimeras inhibit transcription comparable with the parental lysozymes depending on the source of their N-terminals. Taken together, our results indicated that domain swapping technique localizes the N-terminal region as the domain responsible for the transcription inhibition specificity of the wild type T7 and K11 lysozymes. Furthermore, we were able to develop a simple and rapid purification scheme in purifying both the wild-type and chimeric lysozymes.
Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oil Inhibits In Vivo and In Vitro Leukocyte Migration
Gessilda Alcantara Nogueira de Melo,Renata Grespan,Jefferson Pitelli Fonseca,Thiago Oliveira Farinha,Expedito Leite Silva,Adriano Lopes Romero,Ciomar A. Bersani-Amado,Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.9
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), popularly known as rosemary, is used for food flavoring and in folk medicine as an antispasmodic, analgesic, antirheumatic, diuretic, and antiepileptic agent. Few studies have shown the anti-inflammatory effects of rosemary essential oil (REO). This study evaluated the effects of REO on leukocyte migration through in vivo leukocyte migration and in vitro chemotaxis assay. REO was analyzed by using gas chromatography–mass spectometry, and the main components identified were camphor (27.59%), 1,8-cineole (15.74%), α-pinene (16.58%), and β-myrcene (10.02%). In rats, administration of REO reduced the number of leukocytes that rolled, adhered, and migrated to the scrotal chamber after carrageenan injection. All doses of REO tested significantly inhibited leukocyte chemotaxis induced by casein. The effects of REO on leukocyte migration highlight an important mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of rosemary.
Nutritional and productive parameters of Holstein/Zebu cows fed diets containing cactus pear
Lucas Daniel Alcantara Borges,Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Junior,Flavio Pinto Moncao,Camila Soares,Jose Reinaldo Mendes Ruas,Fredson Vieira e Silva,Joao Paulo Sampaio Rigueira,Natanael Mendes Costa,Laura Lu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.9
Objective: This study ascertained effects of cactus pear in association with different roughage in the diet of F1 Holstein/Zebu cows on intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and performance. Methods: Eight cows with 72±11 days of lactation were used. The experimental design was simultaneous in two 4×4 Latin squares. Four experimental diets were used: Diet 1, sorghum silage as exclusive roughage; Diet 2, sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage (dry matter basis); Diet 3, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo) as exclusive roughage; Diet 4, elephant grass associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 75:25. Results: Dry matter intake (p = 0.01) was higher with sorghum silage. There were differences in dry matter intake (p = 0.01), crude protein (p<0.01), ether extract (p = 0.01), non-fibrous carbohydrates (p<0.01) and total digestible nutrients (p = 0.01) among the diets. Cactus pear in the diet reduced water intake by 44.52% (p<0.01). The nitrogen balance was 59.71% and 27.49% lower in animals treated with exclusive sorghum silage and sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in relation to diets with elephant grass and elephant grass associated with cactus pear, respectively (p<0.01). The diets did not influence the milk production (p = 0.70), 3.5% fat corrected milk production (p = 0.72) or feed efficiency (p = 0.61). Conclusion: The association of cactus pear with sorghum or elephant grass silage does not alter milk production, reduces the intake of dry matter and water and improves the digestibility of nutrients.
THE CLASSIFICATION AND QUALITY OF SERVICE AND HOTEL CUSTOMERS' SATISFACTION
William C. Alcantara ASCONS 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGING MULTIDISCIPLINAR Vol.3 No.3
Different hotels have different classifications and offer variety of services. These hotel establishments have one common goal and that is to satisfy their guests' insatiable needs by providing high quality service which is beyond the expectations of their customers. The researcher examined three important variables – the classification of the hotels, quality of services and customer satisfaction. The researcher sought to determine if the first two mentioned variables – classification of hotels and quality of services, has a relationship to the customer satisfaction. The study concluded that the classification of the hotels did not relate significantly to the customers’ level of satisfaction on the basis of the first three customer satisfaction variables - reception and service, guestroom service and business center, except in the food and beverage variable. Two independent variables under the quality of service factor particularly the empathy and responsibility appeared to have a positive and significant relationship with customer satisfaction. The finding showed that other service quality variables did not affect the customer satisfaction variables.