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Domingo Cruz-Labana José,Antonio Tarango-Arámbula Luis,Luis Alcántara-Carbajal José,Delgado-Alvarado Adriana,Magdalena Crosby-Galván María,Manuel Ruiz-Vera Víctor 한국응용곤충학회 2024 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.27 No.1
Ants are among the organisms that are considered habitat engineers due to their ability to induce changes in the soil. An economically significant ant species is Liometopum apiculatum MAYR, 1870, as its pupae are utilized for human consumption. This ant has been extensively studied using various biological and ecological approaches in diverse habitats across North America. However, there is limited research documenting the properties of the soil in which they nest. The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and chemical properties of soil from Liometopum apiculatum nests and random sites, and to explain how ants can modify the soil in a semi-arid area of north-central Mexico. A sample size of 45 nests distributed in scrub vegetation was determined. Soil samples (2.5 kg) were collected from nests and random sites (20 m in a random direction) at a depth of 20 cm, and aggregates of 3 to 4 cm in length were included during the excavations. The physical variables evaluated were moisture, texture, bulk density and mechanical penetration resistance (MPR); while the chemical ones were pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The variables moisture (p = 0.031), bulk density (p < 0.01), MPR (p = 0.0289); pH (p < 0.001), electrical conductivity (p < 0.01) and organic matter (p < 0.01) had statistical differences between soil from nests and random sites. This research adds to the existing body of knowledge on Liometopum apiculatum by presenting information on the physical and chemical properties of the soil in which they establish their nests.
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José Domingo Cruz-Labana,María Magdalena Crosby-Galván,Adriana Delgado-Alvarado,José Luis Alcántara-Carbajal,Juan Manuel Cuca-García,Luis Antonio Tarango-Arámbula 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4
In Mexico the ant Liometopum apiculatum is an important insect nutritionally, economically and ecologically. Their larvae (“escamoles”) contain proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals, the concentrations of which may be related with the type of vegetation where the ant forages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the content of macro and micro nutrients of L. apiculatum larvae collected in three types of vegetation in north-central Mexico. We determined content of moisture, crude protein, total lipids, crude fiber, ash, and nitrogen-free extract. The amino acids were analyzed by cationic Exchange chromatography with acid hydrolysis and fatty acids by gas chromatography and solvent extraction with sodium methoxide. The effect of vegetation type on nutrient content was determined with an ANOVA and Sheffé comparison of means (P < .05). The concentration of amino acids and fatty acids (FA) was analyzed with a Kruskall-Wallis test (P < .05). Significant differences were found in protein, lipids and ash (P < .0001) and moisture content (P < .0036). We identified 17 amino acids, which concentration differed by type of vegetation. There were no significant differences in fatty acids. It is likely that the differences in the concentrations of macronutrients are due to the diversity and differential density of the food components available in each type of vegetation for L. apiculatum, and that the number of types and quantity of amino acids and fatty acids depend on the chemical properties of the liquid secretions the ants obtain by trophobiosis.
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