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Akpa Onoja Matthew,Okekunle Akinkunmi Paul,Asowata Jeffery Osahon,Adedokun Babatunde 대한고혈압학회 2021 Clinical Hypertension Vol.27 No.2
Background: Hypertension is a major public health problem and a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, whether passive smoking exposure (PSE) is associated with the risk of hypertension is scarcely understood. This study assessed the association between PSE and the risk of hypertension among adults (≥18 years) in the United States of America. Methods: Three thousand and sixty-seven adults were identified from the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the association between PSE and hypertension (adjusting for relevant confounders) was examined using multivariable adjusted-logistic regression analysis at P < 0.05. Results: Mean age of respondents was 46.5 ± 17.9 years. Overall, 23.7% of respondents reported PSE and 32.6% were hypertensives (of which only 14.3% were aware of their hypertensive state) Also, adjusted odds of hypertension for participants with PSE was 1.038 (1.037, 1.040), P < 0.0001, in the overall population. Also, PSE aggravated odds of hypertension among young adults – < 60 years (aOR: 1.095, 95CI%: 1.094 to 1.097), P < 0.0001, and old adults – ≥60 years (aOR: 1.110, 95% CI: 1.108 to 1.113), P < 0.0001. Similarly, PSE was associated with increased odds of hypertension among women (aOR: 1.240, 95% CI: 1.238 to 1.242), P < 0.0001 but not among men (aOR: 0.755, 95% CI: 0.754 to 0.757), P < 0.0001. Conclusions: PSE was independently associated with the risk of hypertension particularly among women, young and old adults. A multi-ethnic longitudinal cohort may help ascertain causality and provide more evidence for appropriate interventions.
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Akpa Amaka Rosita,Ayo Joseph Olusegun,Mika’il Hudu Garba,Zakari Friday Ocheja 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.2
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a chlorinated organophosphate insecticide that is widely used in agriculture and public health, has neurotoxic effects in animals. In addition to acetylcholinesterase inhibition, CPF has been shown to induce alterations such as oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Fisetin is a dietary flavonol that protects the brain tissue against oxidative stress by modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes. This study was designed to investigate the protective role of fisetin against brain oxidative damages and neurobehavioral parameters induced by subchronic oral exposure to CPF in albino mice. Adult albino mice (males, n = 32, weighing 20 ~ 25 g) were assigned randomly into 4 groups and treated accordingly for 7 weeks as follows: Group 1(S/OIL): served as the control group and were given 2 ml/kg of soya oil; Group 2 (CPF): received CPF (6.6 mg/kg; 1/5th of the LD50); Group 3 (FIS): fisetin (15 mg/kg) and Group 4 (FIS + CPF): received fisetin at 15 mg/kg, followed by CPF (6.6 mg/kg) 30 min later. Co-treatment with FIS + CPF mitigated the increase in brain malondialdehyde concentration (0.28 ± 0.02 nmol/mg) and orchestrated the increase in the activities of catalase (81.35 ± 7.26 μ/ mg), superoxide dismutase (93.03 ± 6.63 IU/mL), glutathione peroxidase (68.76 ± 3.554 nmol/mL) and acetylcholinesterase (11.59 ± 0.72 nmol/min/mL) when compared to the CPF group. The result showed that deficits in motor strength and excitability scores induced by subchronic CPF were mitigated by fisetin administration. It was concluded that fisetin has a protective potential in mitigating against oxidative stress and damages in the brain tissues, induced by subchronic exposure to CPF in adult male albino mice.
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( Michael Onyedikachi Akpa ) 삼육대학교 선교와사회문제연구소 2013 Asia-Africa Journal of Mission and Ministry(AAMM) Vol.8 No.-
contagious diseases such as cholera, malaria, typhoid, measles, smallpox, chickenpox, gastroenteritis, leprosy and HIV/AIDS are prevalent in Nigeria. Consequently, thousands of Nigerians die yearly of these diseases whose widespread nature are generally attributed to poor personal and community hygiene, poor education, economic poverty, and inadequate or sometimes nonexistent basic physical and health facilities. There is therefore the dire need to control the spread of contagious diseases. This study, therefore, utilizing a combination of biblical, contextual and comparative approaches, explored selected divine commandments in the Pentateuch and their implications for the control of contagious diseases in contemporary Nigeria. Findings indicate that God desires to be the central Figure among His people. He desires His people to distinguish themselves through lifestyles that are in harmony with His commandments. Therefore, Nigerian communities today, being highly religious in nature, could benefit from these commandments by following them and enjoying all the blessings accruing from them, especially if the pastors, preachers and Bible teachers would encourage them to do so in the process of ministering to them on daily and weekly basisABSTRACT-Contagious diseases such as cholera, malaria, typhoid, measles, smallpox, chickenpox, gastroenteritis, leprosy and HIV/AIDS are prevalent in Nigeria. Consequently, thousands of Nigerians die yearly of these diseases whose widespread nature are generally attributed to poor personal and community hygiene, poor education, economic poverty, and inadequate or sometimes nonexistent basic physical and health facilities. There is therefore the dire need to control the spread of contagious diseases. This study, therefore, utilizing a combination of biblical, contextual and comparative approaches, explored selected divine commandments in the Pentateuch and their implications for the control of contagious diseases in contemporary Nigeria. Findings indicate that God desires to be the central Figure among His people. He desires His people to distinguish themselves through lifestyles that are in harmony with His commandments. Therefore, Nigerian communities today, being highly religious in nature, could benefit from these commandments by following them and enjoying all the blessings accruing from them, especially if the pastors, preachers and Bible teachers would encourage them to do so in the process of ministering to them on daily and weekly basis.
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Contextualizing Paul`s Writings in Ministry: Proposed Guiding Principles
( Michael Onyedikachi Akpa ) 삼육대학교 선교와사회문제연구소 2011 Asia-Africa Journal of Mission and Ministry(AAMM) Vol.3 No.-
The writings of Apostle Paul provide Christian missionaries and pastors with readily available tools for spreading the Gospel of the kingdom of Christ and nurturing new believers in Christ all over the world. This is traceable to the fact that Paul is the author of most of the extant New Testament documents. It is obvious that Paul`s letters were addressed to specific people, in specific places, who lived under specific and peculiar circumstances in their time. However, as Christian missionaries and pastors utilize Paul`s writings in preaching Christ and nurturing believers in Christ, the tendency is to apply every detail of Paul`s instructions to people who live in places, time, and circumstances that are remarkably different from those of Paul`s original audience. When this happens, Paul`s writings are subjected to severe misapplication and sometimes misinterpretation. In response to this, this study utilizes the contextual approach to suggest seven guiding principles for interpreting and contextualizing Paul`s writings in doing ministry, especially among people who live in places, time, and circumstances that are far removed from those of Paul`s time. While not purporting to provide all the answers to the questions surrounding Paul`s writings, this study seeks as much as possible to help the modern reader hear or read Paul as though he or she was part of his original audience. It is by doing this that Paul`s writings can effectively speak to the life and experiences of the modern Christian.
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Bernadette Gblossi Goualié,Honoré Gnenequidou Ouattara,Eric Essoh Akpa,Nathalie kouadio Guessends,Souleymane Bakayoko,Sébastien Lamine Niamké,Mireille Dosso 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.4
The level of antibiotic multiresistance ofCampylobacter strains from chicken was evaluated andresponses to the bactericidal effects of organic acids wereanalyzed. Strains (76) isolated from chicken were analyzedfor resistance to antibiotics and acid shock. A high strainresistance to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixicacid) was observed, with cross resistance to both drugs in41% of strains. A low resistance was observed for amoxicillin,erythromycin, and gentamicin. Campylobacter jejuni wasthe most resistant species. Antibacterial activities againstmultiresistant Campylobacter strains were observed usingacetic, citric, and ascorbic acids at minimum bactericidalconcentrations (MBC) ranging from 0.3 to 3 mg/mL. Acetic acid was the most efficient acid with the lowestMBC value. However, a contact time of 4 h was requiredfor an efficient effect against Campylobacter contaminatedchicken skin. Using organic acids in the poultry productionchain can reduce propagation of antibiotic multiresistantstrains of Campylobacter.
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