Analysis of popliteal artery location for high tibial and distal tuberosity osteotomy using contrast-enhanced computed tomography

( Akiyoshi Mori ),( Takehiko Matsushita ),( Nobuaki Miyaji ),( Kanto Nagai ),( Daisuke Araki ),( Noriyuki Kanzaki ),( Tomoyuki Matsumoto ),( Takahiro Niikura ),( Yuichi Hoshino ),( Ryosuke Kuroda ) 대한슬관절학회 2022 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.34 No.-

Background: Our objective was to evaluate the location of popliteal artery (PA) in osteotomy planes during high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and to determine a safer angle for screw drilling to the tibial tuberosity during distal tuberosity osteotomy (DTO). Methods: Twenty knees in 20 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography for cardiovascular diseases were examined. Osteotomy planes for open-wedge HTO (OWHTO) and hybrid closed-wedge HTO (hybrid CWHTO) were created using three-dimensional bone models. The distance from the posterior cortex of the tibia to the PA (dPC-PA) in the osteotomy planes was measured in the virtual osteotomy planes. The dangerous point (Point D1) was defined as the point 17.5 mm away from PA, setting the working length of the bone saw as 35 mm. The distance between the most medial point of the tibial cortex (Point M) and Point D1 in OWHTO and the most lateral point (Point L) and Point D1 in hybrid CWHTO were examined (dM-D1 and dL-D1, respectively). The location of Point D1 to the osteotomy line (%D1) was expressed as percentage, setting the start and end of the osteotomy line as 0% and 100%, respectively. To determine the safe angle for screw drilling in DTO, the angle between the line tangential to the medial cortex of the tibia and that passing through the center of the tibial tuberosity and PA were measured. Results: In OWHTO and hybrid CWHTO, the mean dPC-PA was 10.6 mm (6.9-16.5 mm) and 10.2 mm (7.3-15.4 mm), respectively. The mean dM-D1 in OWHTO was 25.9 mm (24.6-27.2 mm) and dL-D1 in hybrid CWHTO was 5.1 mm (2.9-7.4 mm). The mean %D1 was 47.6 ± 3.7% in OWHTO and 9.3 ± 4.1% in hybrid CWHTO, respectively. The minimal angle between the two lines in DTO was 35.2°. Conclusion: PAs could run within 10 mm from the posterior cortex in the osteotomy planes of HTO. Therefore, proper posterior protection is necessary when cutting posterior cortex. An angle of less than 35° against the medial cortex line would be safe for screw fixation to avoid vascular injury in DTO.

School Politics in the Borderlands and Colonies of Imperial Germany: A Japanese Colonial Perspective, ca. 1900–1925

Akiyoshi Nishiyama 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2019 Cross-Currents Vol.0 No.32

The history of German-Japanese relations prior to 1914 has often been characterized by the similarities between the two newly established nations and the transfer of knowledge between them—mostly from Germany to Japan—for the sake of building a modern nation-state. This article critically reconsiders that view, particularly with regard to school and language education, by taking the colonial dimension into consideration. By focusing on reports commissioned by the colonial government in Korea and an inquiry by that of Taiwan on the eve of the First World War, the author shows that the Japanese colonial empire increasingly paid attention to Imperial Germany alongside other colonial powers such as Great Britain and France. It is striking that the Japanese search for a model or a reference point shifted between Germany’s remote overseas colonies and metropole borderlands with minorities, such as Prussian Poland and Alsace-Lorraine, and that the colonial governments in Korea and Taiwan addressed them on their different agendas. After 1918, Germany was no longer a role model; however, it came to serve as a history lesson or negative foil justifying self-praise by Japan and was, at the same time, used by the colonized people to strengthen their self assertion

Monitoring Water Quality of Environmental Waters by Bioassays

Akiyoshi, Sakoda,Ryo, Shoji,Yasuyuki, Sakai,Motoyuki, Suzuki 영남대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.2

Environmental waters such as river and lake waters in Japan are often deteriorated by various kinds of trace and unidentified chemicals despite of the recent development of sewage systems and wastewater treatment technologies. This situation appears to become worse and worse. In addition to the contamination by particular toxicants, complex toxicity due to multi-component chemicals could be much more serious. Bioassays are toxicity tests of chemicals and pharmaceuticals by using living animal bodies, organs, cells and so on, and have been intensively utilized in pharmacology so far. The situation mentioned above have led us to apply bioassays far monitoring water quality of environmental waters by expressing the direct and potential toxicity to human beings and ecosystems instead of concentrations of particular chemicals. However, the problems encountered involve the fact that bioassays for pharmaceutical purposes in general need complicated, time-consuming and expert procedures. Also, a methodology to feed back the resultant toxicity data to water environment management is not establishcd yet. For this purpose, we have developed a novel bioassay methodology based on the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled low-density lipopntein (FITC-LDL) uptaking activity of human hepatoblastoma Hep G2 cells. The new method enabled us to detect the toxicity of environmental waters such as river water directly within 2 hours of exposure without concentrating water samples. This is significantly quick and easy as compared to conventional cell survival bioassays. The toxicity data for 255 selected chemicals sod environmental waters obtained by this method were organized by a mathematical equation in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically to the management of environmental waters. The mathematical description of complex toxicity found for mixtures was proposed and demonstrated. As model cases of our methodology, some approaches to reduce the toxicity actually delected in a river water were proposed. Our methodology would be one of the promising examples of applying bioassays for monitoring environmental water quality and of suggesting a solution of toxicity problem encountered.

Radiation Safety Exploration Using Radio-photoluminescence Dosimeter for Crookes Tubes in Junior and Senior High School in Japan

Akiyoshi, Masafumi,Do, Duy Khiem,Yamaguchi, Ichiro,Kakefu, Tomohisa,Miyakawa, Toshiharu The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2021 방사선방어학회지 Vol.46 No.3

Background: Crookes tube is utilized in junior high and high schools in Japan to study the character of electrons and current, and not for radiological education. There is no official guideline or regulation for these radiation source to the public. Therefore, most teachers have no information about the leakage of X-rays from Crookes tube. The peak energy of X-rays is approximately 20 keV, and it is impossible to measure using conventional survey meters. Materials and Methods: Each leakage dose of low energy X-rays from 38 Crookes tube in the education field, such as junior and senior high schools in Japan, was explored by the teachers in the school using radio-photoluminescence (RPL) dosimeters. Before and after the measurements, the dosimeters were sent by postal mails. Results and Discussion: At the exploration in this study, it was estimated that the 70 ㎛ dose equivalent, H_p(0.07) of X-rays from 31 Crookes tubes were smaller than 100 µSv in 10 minutes, at the distance of 1 m, where the Crookes tube was usually observed. However, the highest dose was estimated as 0.69 mSv by an equipment with the full power. Furthermore, one Crookes tube exhibited 0.62 mSv with minimum output power of the induction coil. This relatively large dose was reduced by the shorter distance of discharge electrodes of the induction coil. Conclusion: The leakage dose of low energy X-rays from 38 Crookes tube was explored using RPL dosimeters. It was estimated that the H_p(0.07) of X-rays from 31 Crookes tubes were smaller than 100 µSv in 10 minutes at the distance of 1 m, while some equipment radiated a higher dose. With this study, the provisional guideline for the safety operation of Crookes tube is established.

Live cell-based sensor cells for nano-biomaterials evaluation

Akiyoshi Taniguchi 한국고분자학회 2010 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2010 No.10

Optical analysis of the dual-microcavity effect in a red light-emitting organic device

Akiyoshi Mikami 한국정보디스플레이학회 2021 Journal of information display Vol.22 No.2

In this study, the effect of a dual microcavity on the luminescent characteristics and light extraction efficiency of organic red light-emitting devices with a multi-cathode structure was investigated. It was clarified that surface plasmon loss on a metal cathode was reduced to about one-fifth and can be efficiently extracted from the outside with the help of the dual-microcavity effect. About half of the radiant energy in dipole emission was successfully utilized as external and substrate modes. The luminous efficiency increased by about 1.52 times, and a narrow-band emission spectrum was observed with a forward directional red emission. The relationship between the luminescence characteristics and the dual-microcavity effect will be discussed from the viewpoint of the optical design of multi-stacked thin film devices.

Highly efficient and wide-color-gamut organic light-emitting devices using external microcavity

Akiyoshi Mikami 한국정보디스플레이학회 2019 Journal of information display Vol.20 No.3

An external microcavity structure was introduced to the stacked cathode in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), and its influence on the luminescent characteristics was investigated. From the detailed optical analysis that was conducted, it was found that the surface plasmon loss in a metal cathode can be reduced to about one-fifth by using a semi-transparent thin-film cathode, and can be extracted outside through the microcavity effect after being converted to the thin-film waveguide mode. No less than 50% of the optical power in dipole emission was successfully utilized as the external and substrate modes. The luminous efficiency increased about 1.4-fold, and the color purity of the luminance also improved. As a trial preparation of red, green, and blue OLEDs with the external microcavity structure, the color gamut improved greatly and approached the BT.2020 national standard. The effect of the external microcavity will be discussed from the viewpoint of multi-scale optical analysis.

Teleconference on endoscopy over high-speed network between Korea and Japan

Akiyoshi,Miyoko,Kawamoto,Masahiko,Shimizu,Shuji 대한소화기내시경간호학회 2003 大韓消化器內視鏡看護硏究會誌 Vol.11 No.2

NOVEL WATER TREATMENT USING ACTIVATED CARBON MEMBRANE

( Akiyoshi Sakoda,Jun Nakahara,Tsuyoshi Nomura,Motoyuki Suzuki ) 한국물환경학회 1997 제6차 국제수질보전학회 아시아 태평양지역 학술회의 Vol.2 No.-

Identification of Novel Drug Targets for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

Akiyoshi Uemura 대한당뇨병학회 2013 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.37 No.4

Vision loss in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is attributable to retinal vascular disorders that result in macular edema and neoangiogenesis. In addition to laser photocoagulation therapy, intraocular injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor drugs have contributed to the treatment of these disease conditions. Nonetheless, the clinical feasibility of intraocular drug administration has raised an increasing demand to develop alternative drugs that can fundamentally ameliorate the retinal vascular dysfunctions in DR. For this purpose, experimental animal models that reproduce human DR would be of clinical benefit. Despite the unavailability of DR models in rats or mice, pharmacological and genetic manipulations without hyperglycemia have successfully recapitulated retinal edema and neoangiogenesis in postnatal mouse retinas, thereby enabling the understanding of the pathophysiology underlying DR. This article highlights the utility of experimental mouse models of retinal vascular abnormalities and discusses cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the onset and progression of DR. These approaches will lead to the identification of novel drug targets for the restoration of vascular integrity and regeneration of functional capillaries in DR.