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Design of Novel Two-Stage Light Gas Gun Made of Polyethylene
Satoshi Iima,Yasuhiro Akahoshi,Takao Koura,Hiroto Nagai,Hiroshi Takakura,Yasutaka Otsuji 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
In order to conduct impact experiments at the hypervelocity more 10 ㎞/s, a four-stage light gas gun is developed. The four-stage light gas gun could obtain higher launching velocity than the conventional guns by launching a small-sized two-stage light gas gun by a large-sized two-stage light gas gun. For the design of the four-stage light gas gun, design optimization is necessary. especially for the lengths of the pump tube and launch tube of the small-sized two-stage light gas gun. In this study. we estimate the performance of the four-stage light gas gun experimentally and numerically.
Development of International Standardization Using Debris Environment Models for Spacecraft Design
Masato Uchino,Yasuhiro Akahoshi,Yukihito Kitazawa,Tekeo Goka,Hiroto Nagai 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Accurate estimations of impact flux of debris, relative impact velocity, and impact angle of space debris on an orbit are necessary for reliable design of spacecrafts. Space agencies of some countries have their space debris environment models which can estimate debris flux as a function of the size, relative impact velocity, and impact angle in a spacecraft orbit. However. it is known that the calculation results of models have not been always consistent with each other. In the present. since an estimation result of debris impact depends on the choice of debris environment model, no unified estimation exists in design of spacecrafts. Therefore, international standardization of estimation using the debris environment model is required and the proposal of the international standard is being prepared in Japan. In this paper, as the first step of the international standardization of estimation of debris environment model, we compare the estimation results of debris impact flux in the low earth orbit calculated by three available debris environment models: ORDEM2000 of NASA, MASTER2001 of NASA, and MASTER2005 that is the an upgrade version of MASTER2001. In addition, we suggest a reasonable method using the three debris environment models for the international standardization of spacecraft design.
( Drug Therapy ),( Kazuhiko Nakamura ),( Kazuya Akahoshi ),( Toshiaki Ochiai ),( Keishi Komori ),( Kazuhiro Haraguchi ),( Munehiro Tanaka ),( Norimoto Nakamura ),( Yoshimasa Tanaka ),( Kana Kakigao ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2012 Gut and Liver Vol.6 No.4
Background/Aims: Antithrombotic/nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapies increase the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The features of hemorrhagic peptic ulcer disease in patients receiving antithrombotic/NSAID therapies were investigated. Methods: We investigated the medical records of 485 consecutive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and were diagnosed with hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers. The patients treated with antithrombotic agents/NSAIDs were categorized as the antithrombotic therapy (AT) group (n=213). The patients who were not treated with antithrombotics/NSAIDs were categorized as the control (C) group (n=263). The clinical characteristics were compared between the groups. Results: The patients in the AT group were significantly older than those in the C group (p<0.0001). The hemoglobin levels before/without transfusion were significantly lower in the AT group (8.24±2.41 g/dL) than in the C group (9.44±2.95 g/dL) (p<0.0001). After adjusting for age, the difference in the hemoglobin levels between the two groups remained significant (p=0.0334). The transfusion rates were significantly higher in the AT group than in the C group (p=0.0002). However, the outcome of endoscopic hemostasis was similar in the AT and C groups. Conclusions: Patients with hemorrhagic peptic ulcers receiving antithrombotic/NSAID therapies were exposed to a greater risk of severe bleeding that required transfusion but were still treatable by endoscopy. (Gut Liver 2012;6:423-426)
Nobukazu Okimoto,Shinobu Arita,Shojiro Akahoshi,Kenji Baba,Shito Fukuhara,Toru Ishikura,Toru Yoshioka,Yoshifumi Fuse,Ken Okamoto,Kunitaka Menuki,Akinori Sakai 대한골다공증학회 2018 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.4 No.2
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of interruption and reinitiation of monthly minodronate therapy on the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism markers in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Methods: Study patients were included if they had been administered monthly minodronate therapy for 6 months, interrupted the therapy, and reinitiated the therapy for ≥12 months. The BMD and bone metabolism markers were assessed at 4 time points: initiation, interruption, reinitiation and 1 year after reinitiation of therapy. Results: A total of 23 patients were enrolled. The mean monthly minodronate treatment period was 23.8 ± 12.9 months following a mean interruption period of 11.9 ± 5.4 months. Once increased by monthly minodronate treatment for 2 years on average, the BMD of lumbar spine and radius did not significantly decrease even after an interruption for 1 year on average. However, the BMD of the femoral neck did decrease after interruption. The BMD of the lumbar spine and radius increased further after 1 year of monthly minodronate retreatment. The BMD of the femoral neck did not change. Once decreased after the treatment for an average of 2 years followed by an interruption for 1 year, bone metabolism markers increased gradually but did not recover to baseline levels. A potent suppressive effect on bone resorption was noted. The change rate was greater for the bone formation marker procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide. Conclusions: Monthly minodronate treatment increases BMD and reduces bone metabolism markers. The effect lessens after treatment interruptions, and can be restored by retreatment.
( Yoshimasa Tanaka ),( Yasuaki Motomura ),( Kazuya Akahoshi ),( Risa Iwao ),( Keishi Komori ),( Naotaka Nakama ),( Takashi Osoegawa ),( Soichi Itaba ),( Masaru Kubokawa ),( Terumasa Hisano ),( Eikichi The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2012 Gut and Liver Vol.6 No.3
Background/Aims: Colonic diverticular bleeding can stop spontaneously or be stopped by endoscopic hemostasis. We analyzed the clinical and colonoscopic features of patients with colonic diverticular bleeding to establish the predic-tive factors for rebleeding. Methods: A total of 111 patients (median age, 72 years) with colonic diverticular bleeding in Aso Iizuka Hospital between April 2007 and July 2010 were enrolled. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbid-ity, medication, location of bleeding, colonoscopic findings and hemostatic methods were analyzed retrospectively from the hospital records. Results: The most common sites of bleeding were the ascending (39.6%) and sigmoid (29.7%) colon. Overt rebleeding occurred in 30 patients (27.0%). Spontaneous hemostasis was seen in 81 patients (73.0%), and endoscopic hemostatic treatment was performed in 30 patients. The BMI in the patients with colonic diverticular rebleeding was significantly higher than in patients without rebleeding. Colonoscopic findings of actively bleeding or non-bleeding visible vessels in the responsible diverticula were more frequent in the group with rebleeding. Conclusions: A higher BMI and colonoscopic findings of actively bleeding or nonbleeding visible vessels can be used as predictive factors for colonic diverticular rebleeding. Patients with such findings should be carefully followed up after hemostasis of the initial colonic diverticular bleeding. (Gut Liver 2012;6:334-338)
( Kazuhiko Nakamura ),( Eikichi Ihara ),( Hirotada Akiho ),( Kazuya Akahoshi ),( Naohiko Harada ),( Toshiaki Ochiai ),( Norimoto Nakamura ),( Haruei Ogino ),( Tsutomu Iwasa ),( Akira Aso ),( Yoichiro 대한소화기학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.6
Background/Aims: The ability of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to resect large early gastric cancers (EGCs) results in the need to treat large artificial gastric ulcers. This study assessed whether the combination therapy of rebamipide plus a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) offered benefits over PPI monotherapy. Methods: In this prospective, randomized, multicenter, open-label, and comparative study, patients who had undergone ESD for EGC or gastric adenoma were randomized into groups receiving either rabeprazole monotherapy (10 mg/day, n=64) or a combination of rabeprazole plus rebamipide (300 mg/day, n=66). The Scar stage (S stage) ratio after treatment was compared, and factors independently associated with ulcer healing were identified by using multivariate analyses. Results: The S stage rates at 4 and 8 weeks were similar in the two groups, even in the subgroups of patients with large amounts of tissue resected and regardless of CYP2C19 genotype. Independent factors for ulcer healing were circumferential location of the tumor and resected tissue size; the type of treatment did not affect ulcer healing. Conclusions: Combination therapy with rebamipide and PPI had limited benefits compared with PPI monotherapy in the treatment of post-ESD gastric ulcer (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000007435). (Gut Liver 2016;10:917-924)
Loneliness, Depression and Health Status of the Institutionalized Elderly in Korea and Japan
김옥수,변영순,김정희,Emiko Endo,Makoto Akahoshi,Hiromi Ogasawara 한국간호과학회 2009 Asian Nursing Research Vol.3 No.2
Purpose The purpose of the study was to describe loneliness, depression, and health status in Korean and Japanese institutionalized elderly and explore differences between the countries. Also this study determined predictors of depression in each group. Methods Elderly subjects, aged 65–98 (n = 184), were recruited from private nursing homes in Korea and Japan. Subjects were interviewed on health status, loneliness, and depression. Results Korean subjects had higher loneliness scores than Japanese. More Korean elderly had depressive symptoms than Japanese elderly. The mean GDS score of Korean elderly was 8.07 and that of Japanese elderly was 5.21. Korean elderly had less physical function, and perceived their general health to be poor. Loneliness and perception of general health were significant predictors of depression in Korean and Japanese subjects. Conclusion It is necessary to assess the levels of loneliness and depression of institutionalized Korean elderly and pursue an intervention to reduce these problems. Purpose The purpose of the study was to describe loneliness, depression, and health status in Korean and Japanese institutionalized elderly and explore differences between the countries. Also this study determined predictors of depression in each group. Methods Elderly subjects, aged 65–98 (n = 184), were recruited from private nursing homes in Korea and Japan. Subjects were interviewed on health status, loneliness, and depression. Results Korean subjects had higher loneliness scores than Japanese. More Korean elderly had depressive symptoms than Japanese elderly. The mean GDS score of Korean elderly was 8.07 and that of Japanese elderly was 5.21. Korean elderly had less physical function, and perceived their general health to be poor. Loneliness and perception of general health were significant predictors of depression in Korean and Japanese subjects. Conclusion It is necessary to assess the levels of loneliness and depression of institutionalized Korean elderly and pursue an intervention to reduce these problems.