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박아름 ( Park¸ Ah Reum ) 역사문제연구소 2021 역사문제연구 Vol.25 No.1
1962년 북한의 사회주의 국제분업 가입거부는 북한의 국내 정치ㆍ경제와 관련된 것으로 중ㆍ소 분쟁에서 친중화 된 시기라는 평가 외에 복잡한 의미를 담고 있다. 본 연구는 1962년 북한의 사회주의 국제분업 가입거부에 대해 크게 배경과 원인, 영향과 함의로 나누어, 북한의 대외환경변화와 국내정치의 상호작용을 분석하였다. 구체적으로 첫째, 사회주의 국제분업 체계인 코메콘의 특징과 북한의 활동을 분석하고, 둘째, 당시 북한 지도부의 중공업 우선노선과 자주국방 실현 모색을 국내정치적 결정 배경으로 고찰하였다. 셋째, 북한이 사회주의 국제분업 가입거부를 통해 대내적으로 ‘자립적 민족경제’ 와 ‘경제ㆍ국방 병진노선’ 수립하는 흐름을 검토하고, 대외적으로 ‘3대혁명 력량강화’를 선포하면서 진영외교를 이탈하여 대외관계 확장을 시도하는 과정을 조명하였다 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(DPRK)’s refusal to join the International Socialist Division of Labor in 1962 contains a more complex meaning than simply being evaluated as part of DPRK’s domestic politics and economy and a pro-Chinese period of in the Chinese-Soviet conflict. Therefore, this study was largely divided into background, causes, effects, and implications of DPRK’s refusal to join the International Socialist Division of Labor in 1962 to analyze the interaction between DPRK external environment changes and DPRK politics. Specifically, first, the goal was to look at the characteristics of Comecon(Council for Mutual Economic Assistance), the International Socialist Division of Labor system, and the activities of DPRK. Second, this study investigated the priority for heavy industry and the realization of independent defense by the DPRK leadership. Third, it reviewed the flow of DPRK’s internal establishment of an ‘Self-reliance policy’ and ‘economic and defense direction’ through refusal to join the International Socialist Division of Labor. It examined their process of attempting to expand external relations by departing from camp diplomacy while externally proclaiming that they were ‘strengthening the 3 revolutions’.
Min, Ahreum,Moon, Cheol Joo,Ahn, Ahreum,Lee, Ji Hoon,Kim, Seong Keun,Choi, Myong Yong Elsevier 2016 Chemical physics letters Vol.658 No.-
<P>Mass-selected resonant two-photon ionization (R2PI) and UV-UV hole-burning, and infrared-dip spectra of 5-cyanoindole (5CI) and its water clusters, 5CI-(H2O)(n) (n =1 and 2) were measured. Although, the structures of 5CI-(H2O)(1-2) are similar to those of 3CI-(H2O)1-2, the photofragmentation behaviors of the two systems are quite different due to the L-a-L-b state energy lowering and higher binding energies of 5CI-(H2O)(1-2) compared to those of 3CI-(H2O)(1-2). Especially for the case of 50-(I-120)2 cluster, shortening excited-state lifetime of 5CI-(H2O)(2) causes the broad background in the R2PI spectrum of 5CI-(H2O)(2). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of jet‐cooled 3‐cyanoindole ammonia clusters in the gas phase
Min Ahreum,Kim Jiwon,Moon Cheol Joo,Ahn Ahreum,Park Juhyeon,Choi Myong Yong 대한화학회 2022 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.43 No.5
The structural information of 3-cyanoindole ammonia cluster, 3CI (NH3)1, in molecular beams was investigated in the gas phase. We obtained UV–UV holeburning spectrum (UV–UV HB) to determine the number of conformers present in the molecular beams and examine their spectral features. As a result, single conformer of 3CI (NH3)1 was observed in the mass-selected one-color resonant two-photon ionization (1C-R2PI) spectroscopy. The origin band of 3CI (NH3)1 in the R2PI spectrum is redshifted by 122 and 71 cm1 compared to those of the 3CI monomer and 3CI 1:1 water cluster, 3CI (H2O)1, respectively. The fully optimized geometries, relative energies, transition energies, binding energies, and electrostatic potential (ESP) of the 3CI monomer, 3CI (H2O)1, and 3CI (NH3)1 clusters were calculated at the B3LYP and TD-B3LYP methods with the 6-311++(d,p) basis set. The observed spectra are compared with the predictions of time-dependent density functional theory calculations.
( Ahreum Shin ),( Intae Ryoo ),( Seokhoon Kim ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.3
With the advent of IoT technology and Big Data computing, the importance of WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) has been on the rise. For energy-efficient and collection-efficient delivery of any sensed data, lots of novel wireless medium access control (MAC) protocols have been proposed and these MAC schemes are the basis of many IoT systems that leads the upcoming fourth industrial revolution. WSNs play a very important role in collecting Big Data from various IoT sensors. Also, due to the limited amount of battery driving the sensors, energy-saving MAC technologies have been recently studied. In addition, as new IoT technologies for Big Data computing emerge to meet different needs, both sensors and sinks need to be mobile. To guarantee stability of WSNs with dynamic topologies as well as frequent physical changes, the existing MAC schemes must be tuned for better adapting to the new WSN environment which includes energy-efficiency and collection-efficiency of sensors, coverage of WSNs and data collecting methods of sinks. To address these issues, in this paper, a self-organization scheme for mobile sensor networks with mobile multiple sinks has been proposed and verified to adapt both mobile sensors and multiple sinks to 3-dimensional group management MAC protocol. Performance evaluations show that the proposed scheme outperforms the previous schemes in terms of the various usage cases. Therefore, the proposed self-organization scheme might be adaptable for various computing and networking environments with big data.
( Ahreum Song ),( Jieun Jang ),( Soo-chan Kim ),( Jaeyong Shin ),( Jong Hoon Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.1
Background: The use of rituximab has been shown to be effective in the treatment of pemphigus, thereby inducing remission efficiently and permitting rapid tapering of corticosteroid doses. The high cost had been a burden in South Korea until Feb. 2018, when the National Health Insurance has started to reimburse the rituximab therapy for patients with severe pemphigus. Objectives: To assess the clinical impact of rituximab reimbursement policy on treatment of pemphigus in South Korea. Methods: A single-center, observational study was conducted including 214 patients with pemphigus treated with their first rituximab from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2020. T-tests and time series graph comparisons were carried out to evaluate the time of starting rituximab, time taken to achieve the partial remission under minimum therapy (PRMT), and the amount of systemic corticosteroid intake. Results: The time to initiate rituximab was significantly shorter after the rituximab reimbursement policy (p = 0.008). Total systemic corticosteroid intake for the first year of treatment (p = 0.001), and for the 6 months after the rituximab treatment (p = 0.044) were significantly decreased after the rituximab reimbursement policy, but the time to reach the PRMT was not (p = 0.184). Conclusion: The reimbursement policy of rituximab in South Korea had a significant effect on the shortening of time to start rituximab therapy, thereby decrease the amount of total steroid intake after rituximab for the pemphigus patients.
Ahreum Seo,Seok-Hee Lee,Hyeyeong Seo,Huiwon Seo,Seungjoo Baik,Yejin Kim,Yooheon Park 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Biocide refers to a substance used to remove harmful organisms other than humans and animals, and non-agricultural pesticides, disinfectants, and disinfectants (preservatives, preservatives, antibacterial agents) have been used. Some biocidal chemicals bind to estrogen receptors to imitate, block, or inhibit the estrogen. In this study, we selected 13 substances, including Vinclozolin, Atrazine, and Ketoconazole, well-known as pesticides, among 78 chemicals that the ICCVAM recommended the possibility of endocrine activity in estrogen and androgen. To evaluate estrogenic activity, which is part of the AOP framework, we used the previously developed Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET)-based Estrogen Dimerization Assay (DA) and OECD Transactivation Assay (TA, TG 455). As a result, one of the 13 chemicals of biocides did not form a dimer in the BRET based-estrogen DA but showed antagonism in the TA. This results not only provided scientific information on the toxicity pathways of biocide chemicals that have not been previously presented, but also suggested the need for research on pathways other than those affecting typically known estrogen receptor transactivation.