바다모래 채취 시 해수 수질 및 생태계 영향에 대한 해양환경조사 개선 방안

김영태,김귀영,전경암,엄기혁,김인철,최보람,김희정,김진민,Kim, Yeong-Tae,Kim, Gui-Young,Jeon, Kyeong-Am,Eom, Ki-Hyuk,Kim, In-Chul,Choi, Bo-Ram,Kim, Hee-Jung,Kim, Jin-Min 해양환경안전학회 2014 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 주변 해역에서 바다모래 채취 시 발생되는 현탁류에 대해 5년간(2008년~2012년) 해양환경조사서 내 조사 현황을 검토하였다. 이 기간 동안 연 근해역 내 7곳(남해 EEZ, 서해 EEZ, 서해 EEZ 변경 단지, 태안군 관할 해역, 안산시 관할 해역, 옹진군 관할 해역 2곳)의 바다모래 채취구역 중 2곳(EEZs와 연안역 내 채취 구역 각각 1곳)에서 현탁류 내 부유토사의 확산과 이동에 관한 현장 관측이 수행되었다. 그러나 해역별 해양물리적, 지형적 특성과 기상 조건을 반영한 조사 정점 및 범위를 선정한 사례는 확인되지 않았다. 조류, 파랑, 바람장, 수심, 하계 성층화 등의 영향에 의해 부유토사는 바다모래 채취 구역을 넘어 훨씬 더 먼 거리까지 이동될 수 있다. 따라서 바다모래 채취 과정에서 해저층 퇴적물의 재부유, 그리고 준설선박의 여수토와 배사관에서 배출되는 월류수 등에서 기인한 부유토사의 확산에 대해 집중 모니터링 방안과 세부 조사 기법의 도입이 필요하다. 또한 현탁류의 확산 경로상에서 부유물질, 영양염, 중금속 등의 오염물질로 인해 주변 해양환경과 유용 수산생물이 포함된 해양생태계 등에 미치는 누적 영향을 추적하고, 환경 피해를 최소화하기 위한 통합 지침안을 마련해야 한다. We reviewed investigation status on turbidity plume in the statement of marine environmental survey(2008 to 2012) associated with marine sand extraction projects. The survey statement from seven marine sand extraction sites (extraction area of Southern EEZ, extraction area of Western EEZ, relocation zone in the Western EEZ, sea area under jurisdiction of Taean-gun, sea area under jurisdiction of Ansan City, and two discrete sea areas under jurisdiction of Ongjin-gun) in the nearshore and offshore of Korea showed that in situ observations were carried out for the dispersion and transport of suspended sediments on two areas (One is a extraction area in the EEZs, the other is an area of coastal sites). However, sampling station and range have not been selected considering physical, geographical factors (tide, wave, stratification, water depth, etc.) and weather conditions (wind direction and velocity, fetch, duration, etc). Especially turbidity plumes originating from three sources, which include suspended sediments in overflow(or overspill) discharged from spillways and reject chutes of dredging vessel, and resuspended sediments from draghead at the seabed, may be transported to a far greater distance outside the boundary of the extraction site and have undesirable impacts on the marine environment and ecosystem. We address that behaviour of environmental pollutants such as suspended solids, nutrients, and metals should be extensively monitored and diagnosed during the dispersion and transport of the plume. Finally we suggest the necessity to supplement the current system of the sea area utilization consultation and establish the combined guidelines on marine sand extraction to collect basic data, to monitor cumulative effects, and to minimize environmental damages incurred by the aftermath of sand extraction.

정자 준비에서의 Wang's Tube 효과에 관한 연구

김영태,김용욱,김해중,김선행,나중열,구병삼,Kim, Young-Tae,Kim, Yong-Ook,Kim, Hae-Jung,Kim, Sun-Haeng,Rha, Joong-Yol,Ku, Pyong-Sahm 대한생식의학회 1991 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.18 No.1

Swim-up and Wang's tube system are known methods of motile sperm selection and aerobic bacterial removal from the raw semen. This study was designed to evaluate the recovery rate of motile sperm, % normal morphology of sperm, the efficiency of bacterial removal after sperm preparation by the above two methods. The results were as follows. 1. There was more significant increase of sperm concentration in preparation by swim-up than Wang's tube (p<0.05). The concentration of sperm by swim up was changed from $82.5{\times}10^6/ml$ to $6836{\times}10^6/ml$, and Wang's tube was changed from $82.5{\times}10^6/ml$ to $36.0{\times}10^6/ml$. 2. There was significant increase in sperm motility after preparation by two methods in comparison with initial sperm motility (p<0.05), but no statistical difference between two methods was noted. The % motility of sperm by swim-up was increased from 66.1% to 95.7% and Wang's tube from 66.1% to 98.1%. 3. There was significant increase of % normal morphology of sperm in the samples prepared by two methods (p<0.05), from 49.2% to 85.3% in swim-up and from 49.2% to 92.1% in Wang's tube, but there was no statistical significance between them. 4. There was no bacterial growth in aerobic culture after preparation by two methods.

중합효소연쇄반응을 이용한 다운증후군의 진단

김영태,이희경,임혜경,김정현,김선행,구병삼,주갑순,이민수,Kim, Young-Tae,Lee, Hee-Kyung,Lim, Hye-Kyung,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Kim, Sun-Haeng,Ku, Pyong-Sahm,Ju, Gap-Soon,Lee, Min-Soo 대한생식의학회 1994 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.21 No.2

Down syndrome is one of the major chromosomal anomalies in Korea. To decrease incidence of Down syndrome, antenatal diagnosis is essential. At present, antenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome is done by karyotyping from chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and cordocentsis. All these methods have some problems such as a risk of abortion, a long waiting time, difficulties in sampling, and so on. The aim of study was to confirm that PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) using D21S11 primer could be a diagnostic tool for Down syndrome. PCR using D21S11 primers with $^{32}P$ labeling at 5' end was done in 21 cases of DNA from 21 Trisomy and 20 cases of DNA from normal karyotype. PCR product was running for 10 hours on the 6% polyacrylamide gel under 1,000 V or for 8 hours under 1,500 V. After X-ray film exposure, it was read by densitometry. Normal group showed 1: 1 band or single band. 21 Trisomy group showed 1.3-2: 1 band or 2.3 times of density compared to normal single band or 3 bands. This method gave the result within 24 hours. It can be an useful diagnostic tool to detect 21 Trisomy antenatally, especially in late pregnancy, and in preimplantation diagnosis.

연안준설 사업에 따른 해양 수질 및 퇴적물 영향평가 개선 방안

김영태,김귀영,전경암,이대인,유준,김희정,김인철,엄기혁,Kim, Yeong-Tae,Kim, Gui-Young,Jeon, Kyeong-Am,Lee, Dae-In,Yu, Jun,Kim, Hee-Jung,Kim, In-Chul,Eom, Ki-Hyuk 해양환경안전학회 2013 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.19 No.2

2000년대 초반부터 연안준설 사업의 수요가 크게 증가하였고, 기타 연안개발 사업과도 중첩되어 준설토의 발생량은 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이로 인해 주변해역에 대한 환경 영향이 심화될 수밖에 없는 상황에서, 2011년 제출된 해역이용협의서 중 준설이 포함된 사업의 해수 및 해저 퇴적물에 대한 해양환경영향평가 현황을 파악하였다. 해양환경영향평가 항목 중 일반 항목들의 조사 비율은 대체로 높은 반면, 중금속 등 유해 물질의 경우에는 세부항목들 간 조사 비율 편차가 크게 나타났다. 한편 중금속 분석 시 협의서 작성 지침에 따른 전처리 과정(완전 분해)과 분석 방법이 제대로 수행되지 않았다. 또한 작성 지침에 명시되어 있지는 않지만, 결과값에 대해 신뢰도 확보를 위한 검증(회수율 및 검출한계 산정) 수행 현황도 매우 미흡한 것으로 파악되었다. 이로 인해 연안 준설 및 개발에 따른 주변 해양환경영향평가가 부실하게 진행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 해양 수질 및 퇴적물 환경에 대해 보다 엄정한 평가와 진단을 위해서는 협의서 작성에 관한 세부 지침의 보완이 요구되며, 해역이용협의 제도의 개선을 통해 정확한 해양환경영향평가가 수행되도록 협의서 작성지침의 준수 의무를 강화할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. Since the early 2000s, demand for coastal dredging projects have been significantly increased, and the dredged sediments have showed the continuing marked increases through the multiple projects with other coastal development and constructions. As significant or potential degradation of marine environment has been mounting, we checked the current situation of marine environmental impact assessment through marine water and sediment qualities in relation with dredging projects of the sea area utilization consultation statements submitted in 2011. While analysis percentages of the general items were usually higher, harmful components such as metals revealed wide variation of analysis percentages. In the event of analysis of metals, the pre-treatment process (full digestion) and analysis method were not properly implemented in accordance with the guidelines for preparation of consultation statements. Although not specified in the guidelines, verification procedures (tests of recovery efficiency and detection limit) to secure the reliability were almost ignored. As a result, most of developers did conduct poor marine environmental impact assessment on coastal dredging and related projects. We suggested that the responsible government authority should establish new detailed guidelines on the sea area utilization consultation for more strict evaluation and diagnosis of marine environment and distinctly request the developer to obey the guidelines by complementing the system of the sea area utilization consultation.

청간해주탕(淸肝解酒湯)이 alcohol 대사관련 유전자 및 apoptosis에 미치는 영향

김영태,김영철,우홍정,이장훈,Kim Young-Tae,Kim Young-Chul,Woo Hong-Jung,Lee Jang-Hoon 대한한방내과학회 2003 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Chungganhaeju-tang on expression of alcohol metabolizing enzymes, cell viability and alcohol-induced apoptosis. Materials and Methods : For this study, the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was used. HepG2 cells were treated with ethanol-or acetaldehyde, chungganhaeju-tang, anti-Fas neutralizing antibody and were investigated by using quantitative RT-PCR, MTT and Trypan blue exclusion assays. Results : The results are summarized as follows: 1. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that ethanol-or acetaldehyde-mediated increase of ALDH gene expression was not affected by Chungganhaeju-tang treatment. 2, Ethanol-or acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis was remarkably inhibited by Chungganhaeju-tang in a dose-dependent manner. 3, Ethanol-or acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis was significantly blocked by anti-FasL neutralizing antibody, suggesting apoptosis induced by alcohol might be mediated by FasL/Fas signaling pathway. Conclusions : Taken all together, these results indicate that the FasL/Fas signaling plays a critical role in alcohol-induced apoptosis and Chungganhaeju-tang increases viability of liver cells by suppression of the FasL/Fas-mediated apoptosis-signaling pathway.

비영리민간단체를 대상으로 한 주거복지 의식조사 연구

김영태,김영주,Kim, Young-Tae,Kim, Young-Joo 한국주거학회 2007 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.18 No.4

Today, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are considered to be an important actor in the policy process. Based on this fact, this study aims to analyze the perception of the housing-related NGOs in Korea. Questions were prepared around two main themes: housing welfare policy and local governance. The data were collected in 11 cities where multi-party talks on housing welfare were held in April and in May 2007. The results are as follows. When it comes to housing welfare policy, housing supply should be combined with rehabilitation policy of low-income households. The roles of local government are strongly emphasized. Stabilization of housing market is important, but concrete measures should be necessary to help those who cannot participate in housing transaction. Concerning local governance issues, local government is expected to play a great role in setting up a productive policy network; NGOs are inclined to rely on public aid; An emphasis is put on professional and academic education which can make housing welfare delivery system more effective. With the questionnaire survey results, evolution and characteristics of the NGO movements in the Korean housing sector and the recent change of housing policy orientations are explained. And, strengthening communication channel between central and local actors, participation of NGOs in the various housing surveys, establishing a regular forum on the local level, and so on, are proposed in the conclusion.

한국 민주주의의 이행과 공고화 과정 분석

김영태(Kim Young-Tae) 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2006 사회과학연구 Vol.13 No.1

This paper studies the process of democratic consolidation in Korea since 1987's democratic transition toward civic government and shows the lessons of consolidation for new leap of Korean democracy. The way of democratizing Korean politics is that (l) 'Democratization by agreement between military and democratization influence and (2) economic success was democratization that occur from 'Crisis of success' that bring critical condition of political power of an authority. Roh Tae-Woo government that centralizes power continuously in pro-democracy fight corresponds to transition period by democracy. Kim Young-Sam's civilian government sailing is left perfectly at power center since military party was withdrawn perfectly from centralize power. South Korea has succeeded in democratization transition without cutting or danger of system collapse. It is because it had more profitable condition at democracy consolidation flowing when character of transition period looks back upon historic experience that acted by important variable in unfolding process of hereafter. However, Kim Dae-Jung government as people's government that and Kim Young-Sam government as civilian government speak that failed passing over boundary of negative consolidation and advances active consolidation in Korea's democracy. Korean democracy has achieved some success in procedural and formal side of democratic consolidation since civilian government departure, but democracy is not institutionalized and internalized in virtual side yet. Achieve Korean democracy Consolidation overcoming instability and fluidity of democratization process successfully in circumstance that outside condition of democracy changes rapidly by North Korea nucleus problem, democratic citizen relationship's development and change of politics culture for voluntary politics participation are essential. Citizen relationship and politics culture are expected that is evolved and need considerable time though sweep away remnants with authoritarian culture. Stable society, new democracy welfare society that democracy consolidation is done and institutionalize is achieved, and role division between political society and civic society are achieved properly, and restraint and balance are made together and active interest of people total and continuous effort will have to be redoubled to do it so that democracy consolidation may be deepened still more, and necessity to grope structural innovation plan within synthetic system that is hereafter, country-politics society-civic society will be brought.

AFM indentation 기법을 이용한 세포의 탄성특성에 관한 연구

권은영(Eun-Young Kwon),김영태(Young-Tae Kim),김대은(Dae-Eun Kim) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2006 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2006 No.6

In this work, imaging and investigation of elastic property of the living cell was performed. The motivation of this work was to seek the possibility of exploiting Young's modulus as a disease indicator using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and also to gain fundamental understanding of cell mechanics for applications in medical nanorobots of the future. L-929 fibroblast adherent cell was used as the sample. Imaging condition in cell culturing media environment was done in very low speed(20 ㎛/s) compare to that in ambient environment. For measuring the Young's modulus of the living cell, AFM indentation method was used. From the force-distance curve obtained from the indentation experiment the Young's modulus could be derived using the Hertz model. The Young's modulus of living L-929 fibroblast cell was 1.29 ± 0.2 kPa.

ARM9 프로세서용 실시간 JPEG2000 코덱의 구현

김영태,조시원,이동욱,Kim, Young-Tae,Cho, Shi-Won,Lee, Dong-Wook 한국융합신호처리학회 2007 융합신호처리학회 논문지 (JISPS) Vol.8 No.3

본 논문에서는 ARM9 프로세서를 위한 실시간 JPEG 2000 코덱을 구현하였다. 구현된 코덱은 프로세서, 메모리와 같은 시스템의 리소스를 효율적으로 사용할 수 있도록 제어 코드와 데이터 관리 코드를 분리하여 설계하였다. 특히 이동전화와 같은 임베디드 환경에서는 제한된 프로세서와 내부메모리를 이용하여 양질의 서비스를 제공하는 것이 매우 중요하다. ARM9계열의 프로세서는 부동소수점을 제공하지 않기 때문에 DWT와 같이 아주 반복적으로 부동소수점 연산을 필요로 하는 동작을 실행하기 위해서는 많은 연산시간이 필요하다. 제안된 코덱은 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해 고정소수점을 이용하여 프로그램을 하였다. 또한 캐시 메모리를 고려한 코드 최적화 방법을 적용하여 연산속도를 더욱 향상시켰다. In this paper, we propose an real-time implementation of JPEG2000 codec on the ARM9 processor. The implemented codec is designed to separate control codes from data management codes in order to use effectively the system resources such as processor and memory. Especially, in embedded situations like cellular phones it is very important to provide good services using limited processor and internal memory. Since ARM9 series processors do not provide floating-point, large amount of computational time is required to perform the operation which needs highly repetitive floating-point computations like DWT(discrete wavelet transform). The proposed codec was programed using fixed-point to overcome this weakness. Also code optimization considering cache memory was applied to further improve the computational speed.

APT의 지역 표준화기구 운영과 현안 이슈

김영태,손홍,박기식,Kim, Young-Tae,Sohn, Hong,Park, Ki-Shik 한국정보통신학회 2000 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.4 No.4

아시아 ·태평양 지역의 정보통신 관련 업무를 관장하고 있는 APT(아·태 전기통신협의체)는 1995년 ASTAP(APT 표준화 프로그램)이라는 지역 표준화기구를 설립 및 운영하고 있다. 지역 표준화기구로서의 ASTAP은 매년 1회씩 정기적 포럼을 통해 표준화 활동 방향 등을 정립하고 있으며, 2000년 6월에 개최된 제3차 ASTAP Forum을 통해서는 보다 실질적인 결과물 창출과 산업체의 참여 활성화 유도를 위한 조직의 개편이 단행된 바 있다. APT의 이러한 지역 표준화기구 운영은 효율적 정보통신표준화를 위한 지역 국가간의 긴밀한 협력 체계를 유도하고, 나아가 정보통신표준화 활동을 통한 지역의 공동 이익 및 세계 시장에서의 위상 강화를 추구해 나아갈 수 있는 기반이 되고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 아 태 지역 표준화기구(ASTAP)의 운영 방안과 현안 이슈들을 분석함으로써, 우리나라가 동 지역에서의 정보통신표준화 활동을 보다 효율적으로 할 수 있는 방안을 모색하는 데 역점을 두었다. The APT(Asia Pacific Telecommunity) Standardization Program(ASTAP) as means of regional cooperation in standardization was launched on February 1998. Its major functions are to study standardization-related issues and make contributions to the international standardization organizations like ITU, to bring about harmonization of telecommunications standards for the region and to disseminate information on regional and international standardization activities .In addition, through the third ASTAP Forum of the APT which held at Seoul on June 2000, its organizational structure was changed and focused on the creation of more productive outputs and the more active participation of industry-related organization, for the pursuit of regional common interests and the enhancement of regional positions toward international standardization arena. Bearing in mind the consideration outlined above, this paper aims to analyze telecommunications standardization policy and current issues intended by Asia-Pacific regional standardization organization and accordingly, to suggest a strategy for strengthening telecommunications standardization activities in Asia-Pacific region.