주물공정에서 발생하는 VOCs 및 악취 유발물질에 관한 연구

안문호 ( Wen-hao An ),박성호 ( Sung-ho Park ),신철호 ( Chul-ho Shin ) 한국환경기술학회 2007 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.8 No.3

본 연구는 주물공정에서 배출되는 먼지, 악취물질 및 VOC를 분석하였다. 먼지는 TSP와 PM-10을 중량법으로 측정하였으며, VOC, 알데히드 유도체 및 암모니아는 저온흡착-고온열탈착 GC/MS, HPLC 및 분광광도계를 이용하여 분석하였다. 주형해체와 주물사처리 공정에서의 TSP는 5,000~10,000ug/㎥을 나타내 PM-10보다 2~3배 정도 높게 나타났다. GC/MS와 HPLC 크로마토그램을 분석한 결과 검출된 유기화합물은 BTEX, 페놀, MIBK, 벤젠유도체, 퓨란유도체, 지방족탄화수소, 포름알데히드, 아세트알데히드, N,N-dimethyl ethyl amine 및 암모니아 등이며, 이들 중 일부 화합물은 인체의 최소감지농도를 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 유기 화합물은 주물공정에서 원료로 사용하는 화합물이 분해되어 생성되는 반응부산물이거나 분해되지 않은 물질로서 휘발성유기화합물을 포함한 알데히드 및 아민으로 다양하다. This study was analysed a volatile organic compounds, odor compounds and dust from samples emitted a casting process. Volatile organic compounds were analysed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) with cryo-focusing/thermal desorption(CF/TD) system. The total suspended particles from casting dismantlement and casting sand treatment process are about 2 and 3 times higher than PM-10 of same positions. From the GC/MS and HPLC chromatograms, BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene), phenol, MIBK, benzene derivative, furan derivative, aliphatic hydro carbon, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, N,N-dimethyl ethyl amine and ammonia were detected. These organic compounds indicates that by-products in the casting process vary in compounds from volatile organic compounds to aldehydes and amines.

절삭공정에서 발생되는 악취 및 VOC에 관한 연구

안문호 ( Wen-hao An ),박성호 ( Sung-ho Park ),신철호 ( Chul-ho Shin ) 한국환경기술학회 2007 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.8 No.4

본 연구에서는 금속의 절삭공정에서 방출되는 배출가스 중 휘발성유기화합물과 악취물질의 성분과 농도를 분석하였다. 휘발성유기화합물은 CF-TD 방식을 결합한 GC/MS로 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면 아래와 같다. 1. 수용성 절삭공정에서 배출되는 휘발성유기화합물은 데칸, 운데칸과 지방족 유기화합물이 주된 화합물이다. 2. GC/MS 크로마토그램으로부터, C10~C18 사이의 지방족유기화합물이 RT 19~35분 사이에 나타났다. 3. 방청액에서의 데칸과 운데칸의 농도는 각각 5.62와 1.58ppm으로 조사됐다. 4. 금속의 절삭공정에서 검출된 알데히드와 황화합물의 유도체는 포름알데히드, 아세트알데히드, 프로피온알데히드 및 황화수소 등이다. This study was carried out to investigate the VOC(Volatile Organic Compound) and odor compounds which caused from metal cutting process. Volatile organic compounds were analysed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) with cryo-focusing/thermal desorption(CF/TD) system. Based on the results of this study, the followings are conclusions. 1. Volatile organic compounds from water soluble metal cutting solutions are decane, undecane and saturated aliphatic organic carbons. 2. From the GC/MS chromatograms, aliphatic organic carbons of the C10~C18 are detected at retension time 19~35 minute. 3. The concentrations of decane and undecane from corrosion inhibition solution were estimated as 5.62 and 1.58ppm, respectively. 4. The detected aldehydes and sulfur derivatives in metal working process were formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and hydrogen sulfide.

Dynamic Function Allocation Method for Aircraft Cockpit Based on Operator Functional State

Wen-hao Bi,An Zhang,Shui-da Bao 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Dynamic function allocation for aircraft cockpit benefits the complementary between operators and automation and the whole system performance. We selected two important physiological parameters HRV2 and TLI2, which have great influences on the operator functional state (OFS) and took their measurements as a trigger mechanism for dynamic function allocation of the cockpit system. After that, we utilized fuzzy logic to put forward a dynamic adjustment methodology for the levels of automation and used MATLAB to verify the utility of the method.

Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Understanding Slow-moving Landslide

( Wei-an Chao ),( Ming-chien Chung ),( Keng-hao Kang ),( Chih-pin Lin ),( Tung-lin Tai ),( Hao-wen Yang ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

Landslides have caused extensive infrastructure damage and threatened the human fatalities through the centuries. Among all triggered factors, massive precipitation and large earthquakes are considered to be the two key activators for pushing landslide moving, particularly for catastrophic landslides. The most acceptable mechanism resulting the landslide movement is liquefaction due to increasing water pore pressure. In this study, a landslide site has been well understood by hydrological, geophysical, geological, geodetic, geotechnical and seismological (H4GS) perspectives. Our seismic monitoring of daily relative velocity changes (dv/v) in sliding material decreased coinciding with first-half rainy period yet increased observing in post-half raining event. Geodetic survey (real-time kinematic, RTK; total station) before and after rainy period presents the vertical subsidence without any horizontal movement. The results from multidisciplinary investigation allow us to draw the conceptual model of landslide healing process caused by the water loading. Under the stability condition (F > 1.0) for each sliding materials, unconsolidated landslide colluvium and impermeable sliding surface could trap the seepage water to be as water pool, provided compact force acting on the materials below the sliding boundary. The vertical force of compaction facilitates to increasing the cohesion and strength of materials, tending the landslide material to be much stability. We demonstrated that healing process is periodically occurred but only for prolonged and intense precipitation combined with stability condition.

Application of Complex Probiotics in Swine Nutrition - A Review

Liu, Wen Chao,Ye, Mao,Liao, Jia Hao,Zhao, Zhi Hui,Kim, In Ho,An, Li Long De Gruyter Open 2018 Annals of animal science Vol.18 No.2

<P>The use of probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics for farm animals is gaining more and more interest during recent years. Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide a wide variety of health benefits to the host when ingested in adequate amounts. The bacterial strains most frequently used as probiotic agents are Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It has been suggested that multi-strain probiotics might be more effective than mono-strain probiotics due to the additive and synergistic effects, and many previous studies demonstrated that dietary complex probiotics supplementation had growth promoting effects on pigs. However, the effect of complex probiotics in practice is not always consistent, the effect of probiotic could be affected by strain composition, dosage, feed formula, and the age of animals. In this review, we will give an overview on the current use of complex probiotics for weaning, growing and finishing pigs and sows.</P>

벼 이앙재배에서 유기질 복합비료 시용이 잡초억제와 벼 생육환경에 미치는 영향

Xue-Hua An,Xue-Ping Zhao,이상복(Sang-Bok Lee),임일빈(Il-Bin Im),Wen-Hao An 韓國雜草學會 2010 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.30 No.3

본 연구는 유기질 복합비료가 벼 재배 논에서 잡초 및 벼 생육에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 실내 검정 시험에서 유기질 복합비료를 125-250㎏ 10a-1 처리시 이앙벼는 지상부가 10.3~27.2% 증가하였고, 피는 50.3-89.2%의 출현이 억제되었으며, 사마귀풀은 낮은 처리량에서도 높은 감수성을 보였다, 유기질 복합비료는 피, 물달개비, 사마귀풀에 대하여 담수심(1-5㎝)이 깊을수록 높게 억제하였으나, 올방개와 같은 사초과 잡초에 대해서는 억제 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 또 20-35℃의 비교적 높은 온도에서 피와 물달개비는 각각 75.4~92.2%, 49.5~81.6%의 높은 출현억제율을 나타냈다. 유기질 복합비료 시용 10일 후 낙수 시 피와 물달개비는 각각 33.7%, 23.0%의 출현억제율을 나타내었다. 포장시험에서 시험 후 토양의 유기물은 관행구애서 유기질 복합비료 시용구보다 약간 낮게 나타났다. 벼의 생육은 초장 및 경수가 관행구 대비 적었으며 그 차이는 생육후기에 더 많이 나타났고, 벼의 수량은 관행구 대비 4% 감소하였다. 논잡초 억제 효과는 유기질 복합비료 시용구에서 60.5%로 관행구 보다 낮게 나타났다. The effects of organic-compound fertilizer on weed control and rice growth in the transplanting rice cultivation were researched in this article. The results showed that the growth of transplanted rice was promoted (the increased rate was 10.3 - 27.2 %), but the plant number for Echinochloa crus-galli was controlled (the inhibition rate was 50.3~89.2%), besides, small amount of organic-compound fertilizer in controlling Aneilema keisak was highly effective when the transplanted rice was treated with 125~250 ㎏ 10a-1 organic-compound fertilizer. Moreover, E. crus-galli, Monochoria vaginalis and A. keisak were inhibited largely by increasing the water depth (1~5 ㎝), whereas Eleocharis kuroguwai and other sedges weeds were not effected by water depth. Compared with the temperature of 20~35℃, the plant occurrence of E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis at high temperature was inhibited (the inhibition rate were 75.4 -92.2% and 49.5% - 81.6%, respectively). When the transplanted rice was treated with the above organic-compound fertilizer after 10day, the inhibition rate of plant occurrence for E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis was 33.7% and 23.3%, respectively. Similarly, in the later period of rice growth, the plant height and the numbers of tiller grew slowly in conventional soil in comparison with the soil treated with organic-compound fertilizer. It has been found that the rice yield in experimental soil was decreased by 4%. This result in the field experiment showed that organic material contents in conventional soil were lower than that in soil which used the organic-compound fertilizer. Weed control in experimental soil showed 60.5% lower effects than that in conventional soil.

토양 중 살균제 Pencycuron의 잔류 특성

안설화(Xue?Hua An),안문호(Wen?Hao An),임일빈(Il?Bin Im),이상복(Sang Bok Lee),강종국(Jong?Gook Kang) 한국농약과학회 2006 농약과학회지 Vol.10 No.4

경엽 및 관주처리에 따른 배추 중 Trifloxystrobin의 안전성 평가

안설화(Xue?Hua An),이상복(Sang Bok Lee),안문호(Wen?Hao An),김재덕(Jai Duk Kim) 한국농약과학회 2007 농약과학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Current Scaling and Electron Heating in a GaN/AlGaN Two-Dimensional Electron System

Kuang Yao Chen,Li-Hung Lin,Chin-An Chang,Chi-Te Liang,N. C. Chen,P. H. Chang,Wen-Jang Shiue,Zhi-Hao Sun 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.6

A GaN/AlGaN two-dimensional electron system (2DES) has been prepared on a Si substrate, and the electron heating effect in the 2DES has been studied experimentally by using the resistance of the 2DES as a self-thermometer. The relation $T_e$ $\sim$ $I^{1.42}$ was obtained, which is in contrast to $T_e$ $\sim$ $I^{0.5}$ in the spin-split resistivity peaks in a GaAs/AlGaAs 2DES. A possible reason for this is discussed

빗물활용을 위한 간이소독에 관한 연구

정팔진 ( Paul Gene Chung ),김민정 ( Min Jeong Kim ),박정훈 ( Jeong Hun Park ),안문호 ( Wen Hao An ) 전북대학교 공학연구원 (구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소) 2005 工學硏究 Vol.36 No.-

In this study, water quality characteristics in rainwater samples was analyzed to examine the microbial risk of rainwater for utilization. Unlike the quality of ground water and surface water, only a few total colonies have found in the precipitation samples. Many colony which inhabits in rainwater(rain-off) was found. It was examine water quality of rainwater. The study covers six months monitoring period. pH varied from 3.2 to 7.6 and color ranged from 20 to 60 CU. Turbidity was below 50NTU. The coliforms number ranged from 1000 to 41,111 number/ml. In the present study, a feasibility of an advanced oxidation using Plasma, Ozone, UV process for rainwater reclamation was investigated. Plasma, Ozone, UV process were introduced as a disinfection method to increase the killing effect for microorganisms. Contact time was changed from 3min to 20min to determine the optimum operation condition for the system. Increasing contact time, The coliforms number and the total colonies number was rapidly decreased. It is interesting to note that a 100% reduction in total coliforms and total colonies were achieved. Total coliforms and total colonies were successfully inactivated to the level of satisfying. Besides disinfection of the coliforms, approximately a 50% removal in DOC was pronounced at a contact time of 10min. More than 90% removal in turbidity, ss and color was also observed at a contact time of 10min with plasma. The application of plasma appeared to be one of options to reuse rainwater.