가토 신피질 절편에서 Uric Acid 이동

이성태(Yee, Sung-Tae),임채준(Lim, Chae-Joon),우재석(Woo, Jae-Suk),김용근(Kim, Yong-Keun) 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Uric acid transport across the basolateral membrane of renal proximal tubules was studied in rabbit kidney cortical slices. Uric acid uptake was greater under O₂ atmosphere compared to under N₂ atmosphere, and was increased with Na²⁺} concentration in incubation medium. Uric acid inhibited PAH uptake but not TEA uptake and did trans-stimulated PAH efflux. PAH also inhibited uric acid uptake. Uric acid uptake was inhibited by harmaline, ouabin, SITS, DIDS and pyrazinoic acid. The inhibition of PAH uptake by these inhibitors also was reasonably comparable to that of uric acid uptake. These results suggest that uric acid was transported across the basolateral membrane of renal tubule by a carrier-mediated process which was by a common transport system with PAH in rabbit.

일부 한약재의 생쥐 대식세포 일산화질소와 TNF - α생산 유도

이성태(Sung-Tae Yee),정영란(Young-Ran Jeong),하미혜(Mee-Hye Ha),김성호(Sung-Ho Kim),변명우(Myung-Woo Byun),조성기(Sung-Kee Jo) 한국식품영양과학회 2000 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.29 No.2

본 실험에서는 일산화질소(nitric oxide)와 TNF-α생산에 미치는 8가지 종류의 한약재를 조사하였다. 생쥐 대식세포주(RAW264.7)에 한약재 추출물인 당귀, 어성초, 오가피, 황기 등 4가지 종류의 한약재를 IFN-γ와 처리했을 때 NO와 TNF-α생산은 IFN-γ와 추출물 농도에 의존적으로 유도되었지만, 이들 한약재만을 단독으로 처리했을 때는 NO와 TNF-α생산을 유도하지 못하였다. 이런 결과는 세포주가 아닌 복강 대식세포에서도 동일하게 NO와 TNF-α생성에 대한 상승효과가 나타났다. 최적 농도는 추출물이 100 μg/mL일 때, IFN-γ의 농도가 100 U/mL일 때였다. 그리고 NO 합성효소인 iNOS의 mRNA 발현양도 증가시켰다. 이때 IFN-γ와 추출물로 유도된 NO는 NOS 억제제인 N^GMMA에 의해 억제되었다. 이러한 추출물의 NO 생산 유도는 TNF-α 생산을 증가시킨 결과로 인한 간접적인 효과로 생각된다. 이상의 결과로 당귀, 어성초, 오가피, 황기 추출물을 IFN-γ와 동시에 처리하였을 때 생쥐 대식세포주와 복강 대식세포의 iNOS, NO,TNF-α합성를 유도하는 것으로 나타났다. In this experiment, we show the effects of herbal plant extracts on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and TNF-α. The extracts of Angelica gigas, Astragalus membranaceus, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Houttuynia cordata had no effect on NO synthesis by itself in mouse macrophage cell line (RAW264.7). However, the stimulation with these extracts in the presence of murine interferon-γ (mIFN-γ) resulted in increased NO synthesis. When these extracts were used in combination with mIFN-γ, there were a marked cooperative induction of NO and TNF-α synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The same results were obtained in the mouse peritoneal macrophages used. The optimal concentration of these extracts on NO synthesis was shown at 100 μg/mL with 100 U/mL of mIFN-γ. NO synthesis was inhibited by N^G -monomethyl-L-arginine. When cell lines were treated with extracts, the expression of inducible NO synthetase (iNOS) was markedly increased in RT-PCR analysis. In addition, synergy between mIFN- γ and extracts was dependent on extracts-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Theses results suggest that water extracts of herbal plants can induce iNOS, NO and TNF-α synthesis of mouse macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) and peritoneal macrophages in combination with mIFN-γ.

방사선에 대한 생약복합조성물(HemoHIM)의 재생조직 및 면역계 방호ㆍ회복촉진 효과

조성기(Sung-Kee Jo),박혜란(Hae-Ran Park),정우희(Uhee Jung),오헌(Heon Oh),김성호(Sung-Ho Kim),이성태(Sung-Tae Yee) 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.34 No.6

본 연구팀에서는 방사선으로부터 위장관과 면역조혈계를 보호하기 위하여 당귀, 천궁, 백작약으로부터 새로운 생약복합물 HIM-I을 개발한 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 방사선 방호뿐 아니라 다양한 생체질환의 예방에 있어 면역조혈기능이 중추적인 역할을 한다는 관점에서, HIM-I로부터 면역조혈 기능을 더욱 증진시킨 생약복합조성물 HemoHIM을 제조하여 그 효능을 검증하였다. HIM-I를 에탄올 침지하여 에탄올 분획(HIM-I-E)과 조다당 분획(HIM-I-P)을 얻은 후, HIM-I에 조다당 분획을 첨가하여 HemoHIM을 제조하였다. 이렇게 얻은 HemoHIM, HIM-I 및 각 분획에 대하여 재생조직 및 면역계 방호와 회복촉진 효과를 비교 검증하였다. HemoHIM과 HIM-I는 시험관내에서 방사선에 의한 DNA 손상을 유의적으로 억제하고 수산화 라디칼을 소거하는 효과가 있음이 관찰되었으며, HemoHIM과 HIM-I는 거의 비슷한 활성을 나타내었다. 시험관내 면역세포 활성화와 골수세포 성장촉진 실험에서는 HemoHIM이 HIM-I에 비하여 높은 활성을 보였으며, 이는 HIM-I에 비해 높은 조다당 함량에 기인한 것으로 보인다. 감마선 조사 마우스를 이용한 생체 보호효과를 살펴본 결과, HemoHIM은 HIM-I와 비슷한 정도의 소장움 생존율 증가효과를 보였으나, 내재성 비장 조혈세포집락 형성시험에서는 HemoHIM은 HIM-I보다 높은 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 방사선조사 마우스에서 HemoHIM의 투여는 방사선 조사후 급격히 감소된 말초 혈액내 백혈구 및 림프구수의 회복을 촉진시키고, 생존율을 증대시키는 효과가 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과들은 생약복합물 HIM-I에 조다당 분획을 첨가하여 개발한 새로운 생약복합조성물 HemoHIM이 방사선에 의해 유발된 위장관 및 면역계 조직의 손상을 감소시켜 생존을 증가시키는 효과가 있음을 제시하였다. 특히 HemoHIM은 HIM-I와 비교하여 재생조직의 산화적 손상억제 효과는 비슷하게 유지되면서도 면역조혈세포 방호 및 회복촉진 효과가 높은 것으로 관찰되어 방사선 방호제로서 뿐만 아니라 면역조혈기능 증진제로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In our previous study, a novel herb mixture (HIM-I) of Angelica gigas radix, Cnidium officinale rhizoma, and Paeonia japonica radix was developed to protect the intestinal and immune systems and promote its recovery against radiation damage. In this study, a new herbal preparation (HemoHIM) with the high immune modulating activity was developed from HIM-I. HIM-I was fractionated into ethanol fraction (HIM-I-E) and polysaccharide fraction (HIM-I-P). And HemoHIM was prepared by adding HIM-I-P to HIM-I. The protective activities against γ-irradiation were compared among HemoHIM, HIM-I and the fractions. HemoHIM and HIM-I significantly decreased the radiation-induced DNA damage in vitro, and scavenged hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. HemoHIM showed similar activity to HIM-I. In vitro proliferation assay with mouse lymphocytes and bone marrow cells showed that HIM-I-P was remarkably higher than HIM-I and HIM-I-E in cell proliferating activity. HemoHIM showed higher activity than HIM-I and this might be associated with the higher polysaccharide content. The in vivo protective effects of HemoHIM and HIM-I were investigated in γ-irradiated mice. HemoHIM increased the surviving intestinal crypts to a similar extent compared with HIM-I. In contrast, HemoHIM appeared to be more effective than HIM-I in endogenous spleen colony formation assay. The recovery of white blood cells and lymphocytes in irradiated mice were significantly enhanced by the administration of HemoHIM. Also HemoHIM administration prolonged the survival of irradiated mice. These results showed that the novel herbal preparation, HemoHIM, effectively protected the self-renewal tissues and immune system, and promoted the survival of irradiated mice. Moreover, in comparison with HIM-I, HemoHIM maintained similar activity in the reduction of oxidative damage of self- renewal tissue but exhibited the higher activity in protection and proliferation of immune and hematopoietic cells. These results suggested that HemoHIM might be more effective than HIM-I in immune modulation as well as radioprotection.

과산화수소의 산화적 스트레스로 유도된 Apoptosis에 대한 생약복합조성물(HemoHIM)의 방호효과 평가

신성해(Sung-Hae Shin),김도순(Do-Soon Kim),김미정(Mi-Jung Kim),김성호(Sung-Ho Kim),조성기(Sung-Kee Jo),변명우(Mung-Woo Byun),이성태(Sung-Tae Yee) 한국식품영양과학회 2006 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.35 No.9

본 연구팀에서는 방사선으로부터 위장관과 면역조혈계를 방호하기 위하여 당귀, 천궁, 백작약으로 새로운 생약복합물 HIM-I을 개발하였고, HIM-I을 에탄올 침전하여 에탄올 분획(HIM-I-E)과 조다당 분획(HIM-I-P)을 얻은 후, HIM-I에 조다당 분획을 첨가하여 HemoHIM을 제조하여 실험하였으며, 과산화수소를 이용하여 산화적 스트레스를 유발한 후 HemoHIM의 apoptosis 억제 효과를 측정하였다. 과산화수소를 세포주에 처리한 결과 세포독성 증가, 세포막 파괴, subG1기 세포 증가, DNA 절단 현상 등이 관찰되었다. 이때 HIM-I, HIM-I-P, HemoHIM을 첨가하여 전처리 배양한 다음에 과산화수소로 apoptosis를 유도하였다. 그 결과 과산화수소에 의한 세포독성, 세포막 파괴, subG1기 세포, DNA 절단현상 등이 현저하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 전반적으로 HemoHIM의 방호 효과는 HIM-I-P와 비슷하였으며 HIM-I보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 HemoHIM은 면역기능 방호?회복 물질로서 뿐만 아니라 산화적 스트레스에 대한 항산화제로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. In our previous study, a novel herb mixture (HIM-I) of Angelica gigas radix, Cnidium officinale rhizoma, and Paeonia japonica radix was developed to protect the intestinal and immune systems and promote its recovery against radiation damage. A new herbal composition (HemoHIM) with the high immune modulating activity was developed from HIM-I. HIM-I was fractionated into ethanol fraction (HIM-I-E) and polysaccharide fraction (HIM-I-P). And HemoHIM was prepared by adding HIM-I-P to HIM-I. HemoHIM showed more effective than HIM-I in immune modulation as well as radioprotection. The present study is designed to investigate the protective effects of HIM-I, HIM-I-P, and HemoHIM on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. It was shown that H₂O₂ treatment reduced the viability of cells, and increased appearance of DNA ladders, hypodiploid (subG1) cells, and phosphatidylserine translocation level. Pretreatment of HemoHIM significantly reduced the cytotoxic effect induced by H₂O₂, associated with reducing the translocation of phosphatidylserine, hypodiploid cells and DNA ladders. HemoHIM appeared to be more protective than HIM-I against H₂O₂-induced apoptosis whereas, it exhibited similar activity to HIM-I-P. These results indicated that HemoHIM might be an useful agent for protection against oxidative stress (H₂O₂)-induced apoptosis as well as immune modulation, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product.

보중익기탕(補中益氣湯)의 B세포 분화 유도 효과

신성해(Sung-Hae Shin),채수연(Su-Yeon Chae),하미혜(Mee-Hye Ha),조성기(Sung-Kee Jo),김성호(Sung-Ho Kim),변명우(Myung-Woo Byun),이성태(Sung-Tae Yee) 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.33 No.2

최근에 방사선 조사에 대해 방호효과를 가지는 것으로 알려진 보중익기탕의 골수세포 분화 유도 효과에 대해 관찰하였다. 시험관에서 골수세포를 배양했을 때, 배양시간(5일, 10일)에 따라 대조군의 세포 수는 현저히 감소하였고, 보중익기탕의 total 분획을 첨가하였을 때도 비슷한 결과를 얻었다. 그러나 polysaccaride 분획을 첨가하였을 때는 감소하는 세포수가 일정한 수준에서 유지되며 더 이상 감소하지 않았다. 그리고 이들 세포가 어떤 종류의 세포인지를 유세포분석기로 분석한 결과, Pre-B세포의 특징적인 세포 표면 단백질인 CD19와 CD40을 동시에 발현한 세포인 것이 확인되었다. 또한, 이들 세포는 분화과정이 끝난 B세포가 분비하는 IgM 뿐만 아니라 IgG1, G2a, G3를 분비하였다. 이상의 결과 보중익기탕의 polysaccaride 분획에 골수세포가 B세포로 분화 증식하는 것을 유도하는 성분이 포함되어 있어 방사선 조사로 상해를 입은 조혈계에 대한 방호 효과를 나타내는 것으로 생각된다. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang extracts, a prescription of traditional oriental medicine, on development of the B cells. In the bone marrow cell cultures, progenitors viability, expressions of particular cell-surface proteins and production of immunoglobulins were investigated in the presence of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang extracts. The administration of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang polysaccharide fraction increased the viable cell numbers of the precursor B cells, and elevated expression levels of CD19/CD40 specific for pre-B cells after 10 days culture were demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis. The production of immunoglobulin M in the presence of polysaccharide fraction increased progressively in the culture supernatant, and preferentially induced class switching to IgG1, IgG2a and IgG3. These results indicated that Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang strongly correlated with the development of precursor B cells in the bone marrow cell culture. Therefore the polysaccharide fraction of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively non-toxic natural product. Further studies are needed to better characterize the protective nature of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang extract.

생약복합조성물(HemoHIM)의 수지상세포 활성화 효과

신성해(Sung Hae Shin),김도순(Do Soon Kim),김성호(Sung Ho Kim),조성기(Sung Kee Jo),변명우(Mung Woo Byun),이성태(Sung Tae Yee) 한국식품영양과학회 2006 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.35 No.10

In our previous study, a novel herb mixture (HIM-Ⅰ) of Angelica gigas radix, Cnidium officinale rhizoma, and Paeonia japonica radix was developed to protect the intestinal and immune systems and to promote their recovery from radiation damage. A new herbal composition (HemoHIM) with the high immune modulating activity was developed from HIM-Ⅰ. In the present study, we examined the effects of HemoHIM on the maturation process of murine bone marrow (BM)-derived dendritic cells (DC). BM cells were cultured in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF and the generated immature DC were stimulated with HemoHIM for 24 hours. HemoHIM significantly enhanced the expression of co-stimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86, especially. The activation capacity of HemoHIM-treated DC was significantly higher than that of immature DC, as analyzed by IL-2 and IFN-γ production and proliferation of the responding T cells in the co-culture with allogeneic T cells. The antigen-presenting capacity of HemoHIM-treated DC was also increased by the co-culture with OVA-specific T cells (HS-1), as analyzed by IL-2 and IFN-γ production and the proliferation. These results indicate that HemoHIM causes the maturation and activation of DC, which may be a part of mechanisms of immunomodulation by HemoHIM.

큰느타리버섯 균사체로 제조한 발효두부 추출물의 면역 활성

이상원(Sang-Won Lee),강종우(Jong-Woo Kang),김재용(Jae-Yong Kim),박경욱(Kyung-Wuk Park),박석규(Seok-Kyu Park),주옥수(Ok-Soo Joo),이성태(Sung-Tae Yee),서권일(Kwon-Il Seo) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.1

두부의 기능성 및 저장성을 향상시킬 목적으로 큰느타리버섯 균사체를 이용한 발효두부를 제조하여 물과 메탄올로 추출하여 면역세포 활성에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 큰느타리버섯 균사체를 배양하기 위한 최적 배지는 PD broth 배지인 것을 확인하였으며, 큰타리버섯 균사체를 이용한 두부의 최적 발효기간은 7일 정도가 적당하였다. 큰느타리버섯 균사체를 이용하여 발효한 두부의 물 및 메탄올추출물은 0.01 ㎍/mL 농도 이상에서 비장세포의 증식을 유도하였으며, 이들 추출물은 IL-6, IFN-γ 분비를 유도하는 것으로 나타났다. 발효두부 물 추출물은 대조군에 비해 대식세포의 일산화질소 생산을 1 ㎍/mL 농도 이상에서 유의적으로 증가시키는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 메탄올 추출물은 10 ㎍/mL 농도 이상에서 그 생산을 증가시켰다. 발효두부 추출물들은 대식세포가 분비하는 IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β 및 GM-CSF 분비량을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 따라서 큰느타리버섯 균사체로 발효한 두부는 기능성 두부로 개발이 가능하리라 생각된다. In order to improve the functional benefits and storage properties of soybean tofu, fermented tofu was developed using Pleurotus eryngii mycelia. The immune activities of water and methanol extracts of the tofu were investigated. The optimal medium for the growth of Pleurotus eryngii mycelia was PD broth medium and the optimal fermentation period for the tofu was 7 days. The water and methanol extracts of the fermented tofu induced the proliferation of spleen cells at above 0.01 ㎍/mL. The water extract increased IL-2, IFN-γ production, while the methanol extract increased IFN-γ synthesis. The water and methanol extracts of the fermented tofu induced the NO production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells at above 1 ㎍/mL and above 10 ㎍/mL concentration, respectively. The extracts also significantly increased the production of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and GM-CSF in the cells. These results suggest that the tofu fermented with Pleurotus eryngii mycelia could be developed as a functional tofu.

감초로 배양한 표고버섯 균사체 추출물이 항암 효과 및 알레르기 억제 효과 검증

배만종,이성태,예은주,Bae, Man-Jong,Yee, Sung-Tae,Ye, Eun-Ju 동아시아식생활학회 2007 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study investigated the effects of mycelia of Lentinus edodes mushroom-cultured Glycyrrihiza radix(LMG) on cancer cell lines and sarcoma 180(S-180), as well as on human mast cells. In an anti-cancer tests using Hep3B(hepatic cancer cell), MCF-7(breast cancer), and HeLa(uterine cancer) cells, LMG extract exhibited greater anti-proliferation effects than Glycyrrihiza glabra(GG) extract. LMG extract multiplication restraining effects were 60% that of ethanol at 3 mg/mL extract also displayed tumor suppressive effects in mice injected with S-180 cells. The growth-inhibition rates against tumor cells were 56% for LMG and 37% for GG. When LMG was added to human mast cells, the Intensity of RT-PCR products using primers($FC{\varepsilon}RI\;c-kit$) decreased. significantly compared with that of control. These results suggest that Lentinus edodes Mushroom-Cultured Glycyrrhiza glabra has an anti-proliferation effects against cancer cell lines(Hep3B, MCF-7 and HeLa) and S-180 tumors and will be also beneficial in treating allergic reactions.

방사선 조사 당귀( Angelica gigas)의 면역활성 안정성

조성기(Sung-Kee Jo),박혜란(Hae-Ran Park),유영법(Young-Beob Yu),송병철(Byoung-Chul Song),이성태(Sung-Tae Yee) 한국식품영양과학회 2000 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.29 No.1

감마선 조사 당귀의 면역활성 안정성을 평가하기 위하여 시험관내에서 림프구 증식 효과와 생체내에서 항체생 성능 증강효과 및 동종이계 림프구간의 반응증대효과를 비조사 당귀의 효과와 비교 검토하였다. 건조식품류의 오염유기체 완전 구제 선량인 10 kGy의 감마선을 조사한 당귀의 물추출물은 시험관내에서 LPS, PHA와 같은 수준의 림프구 증식 효과를 보였으며, 비조사 당귀 추출물과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 마우스에 투여하였을 때에도 감마선 조사 당귀추출물은 SRBC에 대한 항체를 생성하는 림프구의 수를 증가시켰고, 동종이계 림프구간의 반응(GVH 반응)도 증가시키는 효과를 보였으며, 비조사 당귀 추출물과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이 결과로 보아, 생약재 당귀의 저장ㆍ유통을 위하여 오염 유기체완전 구제 선량인 10 kGy의 감마선을 조사한 후에도 면역활성 효과는 그대로 유지된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 앞으로, 감마선 조사 당귀의 여러 가지 생리활성의 안정성, 유효성분의 화학적 안정성, 유전독성학적 안전성 등이 검증된다면, 감마선 조사 기술을 이용한 위생화 기술이 실용화될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Angelica gigas Nakai (danggui) is a popular herb which has been used as a blood-building decoction for recovery from weakness in the Chinese medicine. Its demand increased in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries. For its hygiene, fumigation has been used, but the use of fumigants are going to be prohibited for food processing. In order to investigate gamma irradiation technique for hygiene of danggui, the immunomodulation activity of danggui after irradiation was examined. The water extract of irradiated danggui showed a strong mitogenic effect on splenocytes in vitro to the same level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The effect was not different from that of non- danggui. It was tested whether there was any difference between irradiated and non-irradiated danggui in effects on the secretion of antibodies and graft versus host reaction in vivo. It turned out that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of the extract of irradiated danggui for 4 days remarkably increased the number of antibody-secreting cells in mice injected with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Splenomegaly, due to graft versus host reaction, was also increased after 7 days i.p. administration of the extract of danggui in mice injected with allogeneic splenocytes. In these two in vivo test, the effects were not different from those of non-irradiated danggui. These results indicated that immunomodulation activity of danggui might be preserved after irradiation. In the other experiments (data not shown), the irradiated danggui was stable in active component analysis and safe in genetic toxicity test. In further research, the stability in other physiological activity of irradiated danggui will have to be proved before practical application of irra- diation for hygiene.

백작약 조다당분획에 의한 B 세포 증식의 특성

박혜란,함연호,이성태,백상기,조성기,Park, Hae-Ran,Ham, Yeon-Ho,Yee, Sung-Tae,Paik, Sang-Gi,Jo, Sung-Kee 대한면역학회 2001 Immune Network Vol.1 No.2

Background : Paeonia japonica Miyabe is a medicinal plant which has been widely used as a component of blood-building decoctions (Chinese medicinal concept : Bu-Xie). The immunopharmacological characteristics of the extract of Paeonia japonica (PJ) were investigated. Methods : The effects of fractions of PJ extract on lymphocyte proliferation were measured by $H^3$-thymidine incorporation assay. The proliferated lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in flow cytometry. The subset cell populations of spleen cells were separated by magnetic cell separation system, and their proliferation by the extract were investigated. The effect of the extract on antibody production was determined in mice challenged with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) using hemolytic plaque forming cell assay. Results : Spleen cells were proliferated by water extract of PJ. Polysaccharide fraction (PJ-P) of the extract was most active in the proliferation. It was found in flow cytometry that the lymphocyte subset proliferated by PJ-P was B cell population. Among the separated subset cell populations, T cell-depleted cell population and macrophage-depleted cell population were most proliferated by PJ-P. However, positively selected populations of B cells and T cells were not proliferated by PJ-P. These results indicate that B cell proliferation by PJ-P may require the assistance of macrophages or T cells. These results suggest that firstly PJ-P may stimulate macrophages or T cells, and then B cells are activated. The number of antibody-secreting cells was increased by administration of PJ-P in mice immunized with SRBC as a T-dependent antigen. Conclusion : These results suggest that macrophages and accessory cells are directly activated by PJ-P and then helper T cells and B cells are indirectly activated. As the results, immune responses might be coordinately improved. In conclusion, PJ-P, a polysaccharide of P. japonica, may be a characteristic immunostimulator, which is analogous to polysaccharides such as lentinan, PSK and ginsan.