蔚山 鐵ㆍ重石 鑛床 의 成因

Ki Hwa Park(朴箕和),Hee In Park(朴喜寅) 대한자원환경지질학회 1980 자원환경지질 Vol.13 No.2

The Ulsan mine is one of the largest contact metasomatic magnetite and scheelite deposits in the southeastern part of Korea. Mineralization at the Ulsan mine is localized along the contact between upper Cretaceous volcanic rocks and age unknown limestone which were intruded by 58 m.y. -old biotite-horndlende granite. General zonal sequence of skarn toward crystalline limestone from limestone-volcanics contact is grandite, grandite-salite and salite zones. On the otherhand volcanics origin skarns exhibits zonal sequences toward hornfels from boundary with limestone is garnet, garnet-epidote, and epidote zone. Compositions of garnets and clinopyro xenes are determined by the X-ray diffraction and reflective indecies. Local brecciation of these early skarns were followed by formation of the later skarn as zoned patches, breccia fillings and cross-cutting veins. Paragenetic sequence of late skarn minerals which is exhibited in the zoned patches and veins is an overlapping progression with time from andradite through hedenbergite or actinolite, quartz to calcite deposition. Magnetite metallization followed early formed skarns and pyrite pyrrhoite, sphalerite, galena, tennantite, scheelite and arsenopyrite deposition were simultaneously with hedenbergite, quartz and calcite of late skarn. Filling temperatures of fluid inclusions in calcites range from 160° to 280℃.

A Downsag Caldera Associated with the Chisulryoung Volcanic Formation, Near Kyeongju City, Southern Korea

Ki Hwa Park(박기화) 대한지질학회 1990 지질학회지 Vol.26 No.3

어휘 제시 방법에 따른 초등영어 학습자의 어휘 습득 연구

박기화(Park Ki-Hwa),남미영(Nam Mi-young) 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2006 영어교육연구 Vol.18 No.3

  The purpose of this study is to find the effect of different vocabulary presentation methods on the vocabulary acquisition of Korean elementary school learners of English. For the purpose, an experiment was carried out to two groups of fifth graders, an experimental group and a control group, for 14 weeks in an elementary school in Incheon. The experimental group was given a vocabulary presentation in a situational context, and the control group, a mother tongue translation. This study raised three questions. First, is there a significant difference in vocabulary retention between the two groups? Second, is there a meaningful difference in the degree of vocabulary oblivion between the groups? Third, is there any significant difference in general English ability? In addition, the difference was to find out among three small groups divided by students’ English level, of which the focus was still on the difference among the groups by different vocabulary presentation methods. The results of the study suggest that it is desirable to present vocabulary in a situational context with mother tongue translation reciprocally, so that it can make the students have more confidence and interest in English learning.

7차 영어과 교육과정 성취 기준의 적정성 연구: 말하기, 쓰기를 중심으로

박기화(Park Ki-Hwa) 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2005 영어교육연구 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine the relevance of English learning standards based on the seventh National Curriculum in relation to English speaking and writing skills and to make some suggestions about the English learning standards. For this purpose, learning standards of speaking and writing skills of the current curriculum are examined against those of ACTFL, because these skills have been criticized for their excessively high levels, which most students may not reach through classes at school. The results of this study suggest that English speaking and writing learning standards for the sixth graders of Korean primary school be similar to those of ACTFL novice-mid, and for the first graders of Korean senior high school, ACTFL intermediate-mid. On the basis of the findings, a relevant model has been suggested. The present study expects to be followed by more research which will testify its adequacy through classroom applications of the suggested model.

창의사고력 함양을 위한 초등영어 교재 활동 변용

박기화(Park, Ki-Hwa) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 미래사회의 핵심역량으로 중요한 창의사고력 함양이 초등영어 교과에서도 가능하다고 보고, 기초적인 영어 의사소통능력 습득을 목표로 하는 초등 3학년 영어 교과서의 활동을 자료로 창의성 교육기법을 적용한 변용 활동의 예를 제시한다. 이를 위해 다양한 창의성 교육기법을 소개하고 그 중에서 초등영어에 적합하다고 여겨지는 7개의 기법을 골라 초등 3학년 영어 교과서의 활동에 적용하였다. 변용된 활동은 원래의 활동과 함께 제시함으로써 영어교과에서의 창의사고력 함양 교육 에 대한 부정적 견해를 완화하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 제시된 적용 예들은 교실에서 다른 활동을 변용하거나 다른 기법을 적용하고자 할 때 모델이 될 수 있을 것이다. This study aims to show some adapted models of activities in an Korean elementary school English textbook to enhance creative-thinking ability, based on the belief that creative-thinking techniques can be applied to Korean beginner learners English teaching. For the purpose, the study arranges various creativity techniques and shows some selected creative-thinking techniques appropriate to apply to Korean elementary school English textbook activities for third graders. Both original activities and the adapted ones are presented together for comparison and intended to reduce negative opinions about creativity enhancement in elementary English teaching. The adapted examples can be models for applying different creative-thinking techniques to different activities.

2009 개정 교육과정에 따른 초 · 중학교 영어교육과정의 적용 방안 탐색

박기화(Park, Ki-Hwa),박약우(Park, Yak-Woo) 한국외국어교육학회 2013 Foreign languages education Vol.20 No.2

The aim of this study is to research the application for English curriculum in elementary and middle schools in accordance with the 2009 revised curriculum, placing emphasis on an exploration of the direction of the application after its change of contents. To achieve the goal of the study, interviews with 7 experienced English teachers and professors and questionnaire survey for 304 English teachers nationwide were carried out. As a result the present study suggests the methods of implementations concerning the following four issues of the 2009 revised English curriculum: 'the introduction of the integrated grade school system instead of the current one', 'the teaching according to the flexibility of common curriculum period', 'the differentiated learning', and 'the improvement of English speaking and writing ability,' The following strategic supports were designated for the effective implementations of the 2009 revised English curriculum. 1) the establishment of websites where teachers can obtain some useful information for understanding and teaching 2009 revised English curriculum, 2) the establishment of cyber space in each class where students can practice English speaking and writing by interacting with their teachers as well as their friends, 3) English textbook development appropriate to apply to the integrated grade school systems of 2009 revised English curriculum. For the successful field application of the 2009 revised English curriculum, the suggestions need to be practiced with administrative, financial and professional support at regional and national level as well as at school level.

핵심역량 함양을 위한 초등영어 교육과정 적용 연구

박기화 ( Ki Hwa Park ) 글로벌영어교육학회(구 호남영어교육학회) 2014 Studies in English education Vol.19 No.2

Recently many countries are trying to reorient and reconstruct their school education to help their students build up the skills needed in the future society. “Key competences” is a main keyword of this trend in education worldwide. Within this context, this study aims to suggest a classroom application model of elementary school English curriculum for key competences development. For the purpose, English key achievement standards selected by Im, Lee et al. (2013) were examined, and then a restructured lesson plan based on one of current elementary school English textbooks was proposed to show how to reduce the amount of students’ learning, focusing on English key learning standards. Lastly, an English curriculum outline was suggested for future English curriculum development, including more change than key learning standards selection.

초등 영어 교사 양성을 위한 교육 과정 연구

박기화(Park, Ki-Hwa) 한국응용언어학회 1997 응용 언어학 Vol.13 No.1

Ore minerals, fluid inclusions, and isotopic(S.C.O) compositions in the diatreme-hosted Nokdong As-Zn deposit, southeastern Korea : the character and evolution of the hydrothermal fluids

Ki hwa Park(朴箕和),Hee in Park(朴喜寅),Christopher J. Eastoe,Suck won Choi(崔錫源) 대한자원환경지질학회 1991 자원환경지질 Vol.24 No.2

시간적-공간적으로 가대리 화강암과 관련되어 형성된 월성 다이아튜림은 천수에서 유래된 용액에 의해 광화되어 있다. 이 광상에서 광석광물은 황철석, 유비철석, 섬아연석이 대부분이고 극소량의 자철석, 자류철석, 황동석, 석석과 Pb-Sb-Bi-Ag계의 광물이 있다. 유체포유물, 유비철석에서의 비소함량과 섬아연석의 철 함량에 의해 계산된 비소-아연 광화 온도는 약 350℃에 이르며, 염농도는 0.8에서 4.1 equ. wt % NaCl이다. 공생을 이루는 황철석-자류철석-유비철석은 H₂S가 주요 환원황으로 작용했으며, 300℃에서 산출한 광황용액은 10-34.5<αO₂<10⁻³, 10⁻¹¹<fS₂<10⁻⁸, 10-2.4<αH₂S<10-1.6이고 pH는 견운모 안정범위인 5.2 이하이다. 유화광물의 유황동위 원소비는 1.8에서 5.5%로서 유황은 마그마에서 기원되었다. 광화대에서의 탄산염 광물의 탄소 동위 원소비는 -7.8에서 -11.63%이고 산소 등위원소 값은 천수의 유입이 있었음을 의미한다. 지화학적 자료로 보아 광화용액은 마그마에 천수가 유입되어 마그마 열원의 영향하에 지하 심부 순환과정을 거쳐 형성된 것으로 해석된다. The Weolseong diatreme was temporally and spatially related to the intrusion of the Gadaeri granite, and was mineralized by meteoric aqueous fluids. In the Nokdong As-Zn deposit, pyrite, aresenopyrite and sphalerite are the most abundant sulfide minerals. They are associated with minor amount of magnetite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and cassiterite, and trace amounts of Pb-Sb-Bi-Ag sulphosalts. The As-Zn ore probably occurred at about 350℃ according to fluid inclusion and compositional data estimated from the arsenic content of arsenopyrite and iron content of sphalerite intergrown with pyrrhotite + chalcopyrite + cubanite. Heating studies of fluid inclusions in quartz indicate a temperature range between 180 and 360℃, and freezing data indicate a salinity range from 0.8 to 4.1 eq.wt % NaCl. The coexisting assemblage pyrite + pyrrhotite + arsenopyrite suggests that H₂S was the dominate reduced sulfur species, and defines fluid parameter thus: 10-34.5<αS₂<10⁻³³, 10⁻¹¹<fS₂<10⁻⁸, -2.4 <αH₂S<-1.6 atm and pH= 5.2(sericte stable) at 300℃. The sulfur isotope values ranged from 1.8 to 5.5%, and indicate that the sulfur in the sulfides is of magmatic in origin. The carbon isotope values range from -7.8 to -11.6‰, and the oxygen isotope values from the carbonates in mineralized wall rock range from 2 to 11.4‰. The oxygen isotope compositions of water coexisting with calcite require an input of meteoric water. The geochemical data indicate that the ore-forming fluid probably was generated by a variety of mechanisms, including deep circulation of meteoric water driven by magmatic heat, with possible input of magmatic water and ore component.

초등영어교수에서 장편 아동문학 작품의 활용

박기화(Park Ki Hwa) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2015 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.15 No.6

본 연구는 우리 나라 초등영어 교실에서의 획일적인 수업 운영으로 인해 영어 능 력이 우수한 학습자들이 비효율적인 수업을 받게 되는 문제점을 주목하고 이들을 위 한 수업 개선 방안을 찾고자 하였다. 현재 주로 부진아 대상으로 이루어지고 있는 수 준별 교육이 영어 능력 우수아들에게도 확장되어야 한다고 보고 현재의 학교 체제에 서 가능한 영어 능력 우수아들을 위한 수준별 교육 방안을 제안하였다. 이에 따라 수 준별 교육의 네 요소인 내용, 과정, 결과, 학습 환경에 대해 영어권의 장편 아동 문학 작품 중 하나를 선정하여 학습자가 독립적으로 수행할 수 있는 활동을 교사가 미리 학습지로 준비하여 SAC에 비치해 두고 해당 학습자는 영어 수업 시간에 SAC에 가 서 준비된 학습지를 스스로 학습하고 결과를 자가평가하는 방안이 제시되었다. 제시 된 방법과 활동들을 참고하여 다양한 작품을 기반으로 학습자 수준에 따른 창의적인 활동과 과업들이 구안될 수 있으리라 기대된다. This study aims to find the ways to improve English teaching for high-performing students in whole-class instruction in Korean elementary school classroom. Differentiated learning is one of the ways to improve high-performer s English teaching. This study suggests to use authentic English children s literature for their English teaching and shows how to use it. Charlotte s Web, the popular authentic English literature for children, were chosen, and tasks and activities based on it are suggested to use in their teaching. High-performing students are recommended to move to SAC in English lesson hours, to perform the tasks prepared by the English teacher, and to self-assess their own performances. The presented ideas are expected to be an example for gifted students English teaching in Korea.