Study of decreased melanin production through p53 by heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor in normal human melanocytes

( Hee Sun Lim ),( Sun A Jin ),( Jee Bum Lee ),( Seong Jin Kim ),( Seung Chul Lee ),( Young Ho Won ),( Sook Jung Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is induced by oxidative stress and plays important roles in anti-apoptosis and the rapid growth of several solid tumors. p53 has a central role in skin pigmentation and may impact onmelanoma at all stages. However, there has been little study of HO-1 in relation with p53 on melanin production Objectives: To know the effect of HO-1 on melanogenesis through p53 in normal human melanocytes Methods: Human melanocytes (hM) were primarily cultured from foreskin. After incubation, cells were rinsed twice with PBS then transfection with p53 siRNA Results: Melanin content was detected with ELISA and Western blot analysis and RT-PCR of tyrosinase, MITF were performed after ZnPP treatment and p53 transfection. After ZnPP treatment, melanin content was decreased, and tyrosinase and MITF protein levels were decreased. Tyrosinase and MITF mRNA levels were also decreased. However, melanin content and tyrosinase and MITF protein levels were increased after CoPP treatment. After p53 transfection, HO-1 expression was decreased when HO-1 stimulator was treated. In addition, melanin content was decreased, and tyrosinase expression was decreased in Western blot analysis Conclusion: These results suggest that melanogenesis is inhibited by ZnPP by decreased melanin production, tyrosinase and MITF protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, those inhibitory effects of ZnPP may be dependent on p53 in normal human melanocytes. Therefore, HO-1 may play an important role in melanogensis

전통 사상 및 교육 방법의 현대 도덕 교육과정에서의 활용 가능성 연구

함규진 ( Kyu-jin Ham ),신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ),임홍태 ( Hong Tae Lim ),지준호 ( Chun-ho Chi ) 한국철학사연구회 2016 한국 철학논집 Vol.0 No.50

도덕은 하나의 철학적, 심리적 상념으로서도 존재하지만, 실천으로 이어져야만 비로소 도덕으로서 역할을 할 수 있게 된다. 기본적으로 도덕이란 타자가 자신과 공존할 때, 그 타자와의 관계에서 좋음(goodness) 또는 옳음(righteousness)을 추구하는 것이기 때문이다. 그런 도덕이란 대부분 본능적으로 체득할 수 없기에 도덕교육이 있게 되는데, 한국인의 경우 서구와 다른 도덕적 전통을 갖고 있으며 따라서 서구적 도덕교육으로 충분하지 않거나, 전통적 도덕교육을 활용함으로써 더 나은 교육이 이루어질 수 있는 가능성을 찾을 수 있다. 그런 견지에서 전통의 실천적 의미를 재해석하고 활용하는 일은 한편의 논문으로는 너무 방대한 과제이다. 그래서 이 글에서는 비교와 범주화, 그리고 활용의 편의를 위해 전통을 ‘근세 유교(조선왕조 이후의 유교) 전통’으로 한정짓고, 다시 도덕교육 가운데 현행 도덕과 교육의 교육과정을 전통 교육과정과 비교함으로써 일정한 성과를 얻고자 하였다. 전통 교육과정은 기(氣)의 발달에 근거하여 연령별로 단계별 학습을 시도했으며, 그 핵심 이념은 인(仁)과 의(義), 실천적 덕목은 효(孝), 제(弟), 자(慈), 직(直), 근(勤), 검(儉)이라고 정리해볼 수 있다. 여기서는 그러한 전통 교육 이념이 ‘자신과의 관계’, ‘타인과의 관계’, ‘사회 공동체와의 관계’, ‘자연·초월과의 관계’로 영역을 나누고 각기 지향할 가치, 실천할 덕목을 배정한 현 도덕과 교육의 체계와 상통할 수 있다고 보고, 그에 따라 교육 현장에서 실천할 몇 가지 전통-현대 융합적 교육 방안들을 제안하였다. Any moral ideas get integrity upon their practices. Because in human society systems, morality have capability among human interactions, for it gives moral standards(good or bad/ right or wrong) to them. And when the society system is Korean, Koreans surely have developed unique styles of moral practice and moral education in their traditional ages. So reinterpretating and categorizing the moral tradition for taking advantage of it in contemporary context, make sense. In this study, Korean moral tradition is focused in its scope, as ``Confucian moral tradition in semi-modern era``. For convenience of study and the potentials of effective revision, Korean tradition have been resized. In Confucian moral tradition, semi-modern Korean moral ideas could be presented as ren(仁) and yi(義). Furthermore, ren and yi could be practiced with several moral virtues, like xiao(孝), di(弟), ci(慈), zhi(直) qin(勤) gian(儉). When compared with contemporary moral education idea systems, the traditional system can have affinity with the systems in moral ideas division(``with-self morality``, ``with-others morality``, ``with-universe and transcendence morality``). And several fusion-style, integration-based education practices can be developed and applied at contemporary school moral education.

Bucillamine prevents cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through induction of glutathione and antioxidant genes

Kim, Se-Jin,Ho Hur, Joon,Park, Channy,Kim, Hyung-Jin,Oh, Gi-Su,Lee, Joon No,Yoo, Su-Jin,Choe, Seong-Kyu,So, Hong-Seob,Lim, David J,Moon, Sung K,Park, Raekil Nature Publishing Group 2015 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.47 No.2

<P>Bucillamine is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This study investigated the protective effects of bucillamine against cisplatin-induced damage in auditory cells, the organ of Corti from postnatal rats (P2) and adult Balb/C mice. Cisplatin increases the catalytic activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8 proteases and the production of free radicals, which were significantly suppressed by pretreatment with bucillamine. Bucillamine induces the intranuclear translocation of Nrf2 and thereby increases the expression of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) and glutathione synthetase (GSS), which further induces intracellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). However, knockdown studies of HO-1 and SOD2 suggest that the protective effect of bucillamine against cisplatin is independent of the enzymatic activity of HO-1 and SOD. Furthermore, pretreatment with bucillamine protects sensory hair cells on organ of Corti explants from cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity concomitantly with inhibition of caspase-3 activation. The auditory-brainstem-evoked response of cisplatin-injected mice shows marked increases in hearing threshold shifts, which was markedly suppressed by pretreatment with bucillamine <I>in vivo</I>. Taken together, bucillamine protects sensory hair cells from cisplatin through a scavenging effect on itself, as well as the induction of intracellular GSH.</P>

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

사외이사 선임의 결정요인에 관한 연구: 사외이사 초과선임과 재임기간을 중심으로

이진호(Lee, Jin-Ho),임새훈(Lim, Sae-Hun) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.6

[연구목적] 본 연구에서는 법적 최소기준을 초과하여 사외이사를 선임한 기업과, 사외이사 재임기간을 3년 미만으로 관리하고 있는 기업의 특징을 살펴봄으로써 이를 중심으로 사외이사 제도를 개괄해 보고자 하였다. [연구방법] 본 연구는 2012년부터 2017년까지의 기간 동안 유가증권시장에 상장된 것으로 파악된 최종 3,861개의 기업표본을 대상으로 패널 고정효과 로짓모형(Panel Fixed Effects Logit Model)을 활용하여 분석을 실시하였다. [연구결과] 실증분석결과 기업규모가 클수록, 기업가치가 높을수록 사외이사를 초과 선임하고, 사외이사 재임기간이 길수록, 사내이사 규모가 클수록, 경영자 소유지분이 높을수록 사외이사를 초과 선임하지 않는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사내이사 및 사외이사 규모가 클수록, 잉여현금흐름 수준이 높을수록 사외이사 재임기간을 평균 3년 미만으로 관리하고, CEO 재임기간이 길수록, 기업규모가 클수록 사외이사 재임기간을 평균 3년 미만으로 관리하지 않는 경향이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구의 결과는 국내 유가증권시장 상장기업들이 법적 최소기준을 충족하는 최소 규모의 이사회를 구성하는 방향으로 제도적 동형화 과정이 진행되어 왔고, 최고경영자가 경영자 안주가설을 지지하는 방향으로 사외이사 제도를 활용하고 있음을 시사한다. [Purpose] In this study, we tried to outline the outside directors system by examining the characteristics of firms that appointed outside directors in excess of the legal minimum standards and that the outside directors tenure is less than 3 years. [Methodology] This study tested the final 3,861 firm-year samples found to be listed on the KOSPI market during the period from 2012 to 2017 using a Panel Fixed Effects Logit Model. [Findings] Following our empirical results, the larger the firm size, the higher the Tobin’s Q, the more the outside directors were appointed, whereas the longer the outside directors tenure, the larger the size of inside directors, and the higher the CEO ownership, the more the outside directors tended not to be appointed. In addition, the larger the size of inside and outside directors, the higher the free cash flow level, the outside directors tenure is managed to be less than 3 years, whereas the longer the CEO tenure and the larger the firm size, the more likely there is a tendency not to manage the outside directors tenure for less than 3 years. [Implications] The empirical results suggests that the institutional isomorphization process has been conducted in the direction of forming the smallest boards that meet the legal minimum standards for firms listed in the KOSPI markets, and the CEO is using the outside directors system in a way to support the Management Entrenchment Hypothesis.

초등교사의 열정에 대한 인식: 의미연결망 분석의 활용

임효진 ( Hyo Jin¸ Lim ),최은혜 ( Eun Hye¸ Choi ),박호익 ( Ho Ik¸ Park ),이지현 ( Ji Hyun¸ Lee ) 한국초등교육학회 2021 초등교육연구 Vol.34 No.3

본 연구에서는 초등교사가 가지고 있는 열정에 대한 인식구조를 파악하기 위해 현직 초등교사 131명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다, 연구에서는 열정, 열정의 장단점, 교사열정에 대한 인식구조를 알아보기 위해 의미연결망 분석을 활용하여 근접 중심성, 연결중심성, 매개중심성, 아이겐벡터 중심성을 위주로 살펴보았다. 연구결과 첫째, 열정에서는 ‘힘’,‘강렬’과 같은 높은 강도나 에너지를 나타내는 단어들이 중요한 역할을 하였으며 커뮤니티 분석 결과 열정의 행동, 정서, 동기 특성에 대한 주제가 분류되었다. 둘째, 열정의 장점에서는 ‘삶’,‘원동력’,‘에너지’등이, 열정의 단점에서는 ‘타인’,‘피로’,‘살피지 못함’등이 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 보아 기존 이론에 나타난 열정의 특성을 설명하고 있었다. 셋째, 교사열정에서는 ‘학생’,‘수업’과 같은 교수활동의 실천을 나타내는 단어들이 중요한 역할을 하였으며 커뮤니티 분석 결과 교육활동 전반, 학생과 수업, 전문성 개발에 대한 주제가 분류되었다. The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of passion perceived by elementary school teachers. In order to understand the structure of perception of passion, we surveyed 131 in-service elementary school teachers. Responses to passion, the positive and negative role of passion, and teacher passion were analyzed using a semantic network analysis. We focused on closeness centrality, degree centrality, betweenness centrality and eigenvector centrality. Results showed that first, in passion, words indicating high strength and energy such as‘power’and‘intensity’played an important role in the structure of perception. Themes on behavioral, emotional, and motivational characteristics of passion were classified as sub-factors of passion as a result of community analysis. Secondly,‘life’,‘motivation’, and‘energy’appeared in key-word analysis in the positive role of passion while‘others’,‘fatigue’, and‘not caring for’appeared in the negative role of passion, reflecting the theory on the dualistic model of harmonious and obsessive passion. Third, in teacher passion, words indicating teaching activities and their practices such as‘student’and‘instruction’played an important role in the structure of perception. Themes related to educational activities in general, students and instruction, and professional development were classified as sub-factors of teacher passion.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)항응고제에 의한 Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV)변화

홍승민,박영진,최하영,임진,정옥연,이호준,이호영,장숙진,문대수 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1996 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.21 No.2

It is essential that we put the anticoagulant into the blood specimen of the CBC test. However, the value of some parameters in the CBC test can be changed whenever using some anticoagulants. EDTA anticoagulant is mostly used these days. There are 3 kinds of EDTA, that is K_(2-), K_(3-), and Na_(2-) EDTA. The author studies how many effects each the EDTA gets into the true value of blood specimen for MCV of RBCs. Especially we compared the MCV effect of different concentrations of 3 EDTA anticoagulants on the bias with time and instrument. Some results are gotten. In our results, K_(3-)EDTA anticoagulant shows more satisfactory MCV value than K_(2) or Na_(2-)EDTA. On using concentration of EDTA, 1.5㎎ EDTA/㎖ of blood show more satisfactory MCV value than 7.5㎎ EDTA/㎖ of blood. However, the choice of anticoagulant may be dependant on the different instruments.

대형경유차 저공해기술 적용에 따른 나노입자 배출특성

임철수,류정호,엄명도,황진우,김예은 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Diesel engines which emit a lot of PM and NOx have been known as a main air polluter. Especially, diesel particulate matters (DPM) including black smoke are hazardous air pollutants to human health and environment. The nations retaining advanced engine technologies have reinforced emission regulations. To meet these regulations diesel engine manufacturers have developed low-emission diesel engines, aftertreatment equipments, alternative fuel technologies and so on. In this study, particle number concentrations characteristics according to particle size and engine driving conditions were analyzed when these low-emission technologies were applied. There was a tendency of increasing particle number concentrations from heavy-duty diesel engines with increasing engine rpm and load rate. In the cases of CDPF (Catalytic Diesel Particulate Filter), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel) more than 99% of particle number concentration were removed.

표준 셀 라이브러리 P&R 포팅과 테스트 칩의 설계

임호민,김남섭,김진상,조원경 한국항행학회 2003 韓國航行學會論文誌 Vol.7 No.2

본 논문에서는 최신의 미세공정인 0.18㎛ CMOS 공정을 이용한 표준 셀 라이브러리를 설계하고, 이를 P&R(Placement and Routing) CAD 틀에 사용할 수 있도록 포팅한다 제작결과를 검증하기 위하여 간단한 테스트칩을 제작하였으며 설계에 사용된 표준 셀 라이브러리는 0.18㎛ 아남반도체의 공정이다. 이러한 설계 및 제작과정을 통하여 최신의 미세공정을 이용하여 디지털 시스템의 자동설계가 가능함을 확인하였다. In this paper, we design standard cell libraries using the 0.18um deep submircom CMOS process, and port them into a P&R (Placement and Routing) CAD tool. A simple test ship has been designed in order to verify the functionalities of the 0.18um standard cell libraries whose technical process was provided by Anam semiconductor. Through these experiments, we have found that the new 0.18um CMOS process can be successfully applied to automatic digital system design.

생물 야외 탐구 학습을 통한 초등 예비교사의 생물 교수 효능감의 변화

임채성,배진호,김은진 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2004 科學敎育硏究 Vol.29 No.-

In this research we took a lesson of the biology outdoor inquiry with preservice elementary teachers and investigated the science and biology teaching efficacy belief of theirs and analyzed it comparing with pre and post-lesson efficacy beliefs, their detailed major in university, their departments in high school, taking a course of applied biology Ⅱ in high school. The following results were obtained. First, preservice elementary teachers' science and biology teaching efficacy belief was changed positively after the lesson of the biology outdoor inquiry. Second, preservice elementary teachers' detailed major in university wasn't related with their science teaching efficacy belief of pre and post-lesson significantly in statistics, but related with their biology teaching efficacy belief of post-lesson significantly in statistics. Third, preservice elementary teachers' departments of high school wasn't related with their science and biology teaching efficacy belief. Fourth, taking a course of applied biology Ⅱ in high school wasn't related with science teaching efficacy belief, but related with biology teaching efficacy belief of pre-lesson significantly in statistics. However, That wasn't related with biology one of post-lesson significantly in statistics. That is, who haven't taken a course of applied biology Ⅱ in high school had not biology teaching efficacy belief before the lesson of the biology outdoor inquiry, but acquired much biology teaching efficacy belief after the lesson.