감성돔(Acanthopagrus schlegelii) 치어의 포르말린에 대한 내성 및 조직학적 반응

명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),민병화 ( Byunng Hwa Min ),박미선 ( Mi Seon Park ),황형규 ( Hyung Kyu Hwang ),도정완 ( Jeung Wan Do ),정경일 ( Kyung Il Jeoung ),장영진 ( Young Jin Chang ),정달상 ( Dal Sang Jeong ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6

Black seabream juveniles Acanthopagrus schlegelii held at 20°C were exposed to formalin at concentrations of 50 to 400 ppm, and tolerance values were determined by calculating median lethal concentration values (LC50) through probit analysis. The 12-, 24,48, 72- and 96-h LC50 values for formalin were 297, 233, 171, 162 and 157 ppm, respectively. The histological effects of formalin on gill and liver tissues in this fish were determined. No histological effects were observed in the control group. The intensity of cell damage increased with the concentration of, and duration of exposure to, formalin. Hyperplasia, separation and epithelial necrosis,epithelial lifting, lamellar synechiae and collapsed lamellae were observed in gill tissues exposed to formalin. Hepatic lesions in liver tissues of fishes exposed to formalin were characterized by cloudy swelling of hepatocytes, necrosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization,deposition of pigments, spongiosis hepatis, nuclear hypertrophy, dilation of sinusoids and bile stagnation. The LC50 values and histological results obtained in this study will aid in designing treatment regimens to minimize toxic side effects and increase efficacy.

먹이제한과 단기 수온하강 조건에서 넙치의 스트레스 반응과 생리학적 대사활성 변화

명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),강덕영 ( Duk Young Kang ),김효찬 ( Hyo Chan Kim ),이정호 ( Jeong Ho Lee ),노재구 ( Jae Koo Noh ),김현철 ( Hyun Chul Kim ) 한국어류학회 2011 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

To find the preliminary environmental conditions for a short-time transport of living olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, the stress response and physiological metabolic activity of the cultured fish to feed deprivation and slow temperature descending (15.8℃→13.3℃) were monitored for 8 days. The monitored variables were the plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-) and thyroid hormones (TT4, TT3, FT4 and FT3). In food deprivation experiment for 8 days, we did not find any statistical change of level in AST, ALT and electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-), but found a significant decrease in TP and GLU. In thyroid hormones, the levels of four hormones in plasma were all showing a tendency to decrease. Especially, FT4 and TT3 were significantly decreased, indicating a withering of physiologic activity. In the temperature test, although no any significant change in AST, TP and electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-), we observed a significant decrease of ALT and GLU following to temperature descending from 15.8℃ to 13.3℃ (P<0.05). In the levels of thyroid hormones, any significant change was not observed for experimental period. We conclude that the stress response and physiological activity of olive flounder were more influenced by feed deprivation than slow temperature descending at a transport of living fish, and plasma GLU appears to be sensitive factor to physiological metabolic activity, indicating that it could be used as a monitering mark or index for a health inspection of the fish.

참전복(Haliotis discus hannai)의 장거리 수송을 위한 적정 수온 및 염분 조건 탐색

양성진,민병화,이정용,전제천,명정인,Yang, Sung Jin,Min, Byung Hwa,Lee, Jeong Young,Jun, Je-Cheon,Myeong, Jeong-In 한국해양생명과학회 2017 한국해양생명과학회지 Vol.2 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the stress response of pacific abalone exposed to various water temperatures (4, 6, 8, and 10℃) and salinities (26, 30, and 34 psu) for 7 days, with the aim of finding optimum conditions for long-distance ocean transport of pacific abalone. At the end of the experiments, the survival rate was ranged from 98.7~100% at 8 and 10℃ but dropped to 25~55% at 4℃ in all salinity levels. The levels of SOD and glutathione in hemolymph were significantly higher at 4 and 6℃ than the control in all salinity groups, indicating that these temperatures induce severe stress in pacific abalone. It was found that THC was lowest at 6℃ in the 26 psu groups. The study showed that the hemocyte of pacific abalone populations mostly consisted of blast-like cells and hyalinocytes with the ratio of hyalinocytes being significantly lower at 4 and 6℃ than the other temperatures in the 26 psu groups. Percentages of apoptotic cells and necrotic cells were higher in the 26 psu group and 4 and 6℃ temperature groups. These results explicit that pacific abalone was exposed to greater stress at 26 psu and at 4 and 6℃ but experienced no significant higher stress at 30 and 34 psu and 8 and 10℃. It was therefore concluded that the optimum temperature and salinity for the long distance transport of pacific abalone range from 8~10℃ and 30~34 psu, respectively.

저산소 노출에 따른 감성돔(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)의 생리학적 스트레스 반응

민병화 ( Byung Hwa Min ),박미선 ( Mi Seon Park ),명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),황형규 ( Hyung Kyu Hwang ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6

The black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii is an important species for aquaculture in Korea. There are, however, no reports on the physiological responses to hypoxia in this species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute hypoxia on the physiological stress responses (plasma cortisol as the primary response, and plasma glucose, hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), sodium, chloride, osmolality, AST, ALT and total protein as the secondary responses) of the fish. The experimental fish were exposed to 0.5 ppm dissolved oxygen (DO) in the seawater via two methods (progressive stepwise decline (Exp.Ⅰ), and direct decline (Exp.Ⅱ)). A highly significant increase was detected in plasma cortisol levels due to the hypoxia treatments, and fish in Exp.Ⅰ had hormone levels that were significantly higher than the fish in Exp.Ⅱ. For plasma glucose, there was no significant difference between the Exp.Ⅰ fish and the control fish, whereas Exp.Ⅱ fish showed significantly higher plasma glucose levels than Exp.Ⅰ fish and control fish. Ht values increased in both hypoxia treatments; however, Hb concentrations increased only in Exp.Ⅰ. Although plasma chloride levels were unaffected by acute hypoxia, plasma sodium and osmolality levels increased in Exp.Ⅰ. Progressive hypoxia (Exp.Ⅰ fish) increased plasma AST, ALT and total protein. These results suggest that the value and direction of changes to the investigated parameters can be used to determine the resistance of black seabream to acute hypoxia

저염분 노출에 따른 감성돔(Acanthopagrus schlegelii) 아가미의 Na+/K+-ATPase 활성 및 발현

민병화 ( Byung Hwa Min ),박미선 ( Mi Seon Park ),명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),서정수 ( Jeong Soo Seo ),박정준 ( Jung Jun Park ),노경언 ( Gyeong Eon Noh ),강덕영 ( Duk Young Kang ) 한국수산과학회 2015 한국수산과학회지 Vol.48 No.1

We investigated the branchial osmoregulatory response of black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii to short-term (3-48 h) exposure to a hyposaline environment (5 psu). Gill Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity was decreased after 3 h in fish transferred to 5 psu compared to salt water-acclimated (control) fish, but the level of activity returned to that observed in the control fish at 6 h after transfer. NKA activity increased significantly at 24 h after transfer, but it returned to the level observed in the control fish at 48 h after transfer. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that gill NKA was localized to chloride cells. The number of chloride cells tended to change in parallel with NKA activity. Substantial decreases in plasma Na+, Cl-, and osmolality were observed after 12 h of exposure to 5 psu; however, these parameters began to recover to the values detected in the controls at 24 h after transfer. In conclusion, our results suggest that black sea bream are able to adjust their osmoregulatory mechanisms to shift from hypo- to hyperosmoregulation within 6 h of exposure to a hypoosmotic environment.

능성어 (Epinephelus septemfasciatus) 자어의 소화기관 구조 및 조직학적 특징

박종연 ( Jong Youn Park ),김나리 ( Na Ri Kim ),박재민 ( Jae Min Park ),명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),조재권 ( Jae Kwon Cho ) 한국어류학회 2016 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

이 연구는 능성어 (Epinephelus septemfasciatus)의 소화관 발달과정을 형태학적과 조직학적인 방법으로 부화 후부터 60일 동안 관찰하였다. 먹이 급이는 부화 후 2일부터 20일 동안 Rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis)와 클로렐라 (Chlorella ellipsoidea)를 급이 하였고, 20일부터 Rotifer와 brine shrimp (Artemia salina)를 급이 하였으며, 23일부터 Rotifer와 Artemia, 배합사료를 급이 하였다. 자치어 10마리를 임의로 선택하여 10% 중성포르말린에 고정한 후 형태학적 관찰과 파라핀포매법에 의한 조직학적인 관찰을 하였다. 능성어의 RLG는 평균 0.87으로 육식성어류의 특성을 보여주었다. 부화 직후의 자어는 입과 항문은 열려있지 않았고, 소화관은 난황을 따라 일직선상으로 관찰되었다. 부화 후 5일째 후기 자어는 입과 항문이 열리면서 첫 섭식 활동이 관찰되었고, 부화 후 8일째 변태가 시작되었다. 부화 후 11일째 후기 자어 식도는 네 개의 층이 구분 되었으며, 식도와 중장, 직장에서는 배상세포가 관찰되었다. 부화 후 19일째 후기 자어는 공식이 시작되었으며, 그로인해 개체의 성장차이가 관찰되었다. 위는 내부가 팽창되면서 분문위, 위체부 및 유문위의 구분이 가능해졌고, 유문수가 분화되었으며, 장 전체에서는 배상세포를 관찰할 수 있었다. 부화 후 28일째 위내부에 위선이 분화되었다. 부화 후 38일째 후기 자어는 위에서 위액이 분비되는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 유문수에 점막주름이 확인되었다. 부화 후 38일째에서 치어기로 이행하는 시기 동안 위 내강은 넓어지고, 위선의 숫자와 장내 점액세포, 점막주름은 지속적으로 증가하거나 길어졌으나 조직화학적인 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 형태학적 및 조직학적 방법을 이용하여 능성어의 소화관 분화 및 발달에 관한 정보를 얻고자 하였으며, 초기 종묘생산과정에서 적절한 먹이투여시기를 확립함으로써 성장 및 생존율 향상에 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. Histological and morphological development of the digestive tract of sevenband grouper were observed from after hatching to 60 days. Fishes were fed with rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis) and chlorella (Chlorella ellipsoidea) after hatching from 2 to 20 days rotifer and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) in after 20 days rotifer, brine shrimp and semi-dry artificial diet in after 23 days. Histological and morphological development of ten larvae was observed by paraffin embedding method after fixing in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Sevenband grouper RLG showed characteristics of carnivorous fish by average 0.87. Larvae after hatching can`t open the mouth and anus digestive tract was observed in a straight line following yolk sac. Larvae was observed feeding activity by opening the mouth and anus. Metamorphosis started 8 days after hatching. Esophagus divided four layer, and goblet cell was observed in esophagus, mid intestine and rectum. Larvae started cannibalism and it was caused by difference of growth. The inside of stomach was differentiated to cardiac orifice, body of stomach, pyloric stomach, and pyloric caeca. Goblet cell was observed all intestine. Gastric gland differentiated after hatching 28 days in stomach. Secretion of gastric juice was found at stomach and mucosal fold pyloric caeca. Even thought the inside of stomach expended and the number of gastric gland increased consistently and goblet cell in intestine and mucosa became longer, histochemical changes follow couldn`t be found during transforming juveniles 38 days after hatching.

동합금 가두리 망 사육어류, 조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli)의혈액 성상과 중금속 축적률

양성진 ( Sung Jin Yang ),전제천 ( Je Cheon Jun ),박정준 ( Jung Jun Park ),명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),신윤경 ( Yun Kyung Shin ) 한국어류학회 2014 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

동합금 가두리망에 6개월간 사육한 조피볼락을 대상으로동합금 가두리 망에서 유출되는 물질이 어류의 생존, 성장및 건강도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 대조구와 실험구간의 생존율과 성장률 그리고 혈액 성상은 유의한 차이가 없었으며(P/0.05), 간세포의 형태 및 간 조직 내에 존재하는 모세혈관과 담관의 구조가 특이적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 구리와 아연 축적량은 실험 초기에 비해 증가하였지만 실험구와 대조구 간의 차이가 없었으며 허용기준치에 비해 매우 낮게 나타나 본 연구에 사용된 동합금망은 어류의 생존, 성장 및 건강도에 영향을 끼치지 않는 것으로 여겨진다. The effect of substances discharged from copper alloy mesh on the survival rate, growth, and health status of Sebastes schlegeli was investigated. Survival rate of experimental group was 10%higher than control group. There was no significant difference in weight gain and SGR between control group and experiment group (P/0.05). Glucose concentration was lower in the experimental group than that in the control group. GOT and GPT contents did not show significant difference during experiment except for the early three months of experiment (P/0.05). Ammonia concentration had not significantly changed in the experimental group, but it had increased until four months of experiment and then decreased afterwards in the control group. TCHO had decreased in the experiment group compared with that of control group. Copper and zinc contents had increased as compared with those in the initialst age of experiment with no significant difference between experiment group and control group(P/0.05). Histological analysis for the liver revealed that liver tissues were not particularly different from those in control group. There were no significant differences in survival rate, growth, and hematological characteristic between control group and experiment group (P/0.05). Though copper and zinc were accumulated as compared with those during the initial stage of experiment, the levels were lower than permissible levels for copper and zinc. As a result, copper alloy mesh would not adversely affect on the survival rate, growth, and health status of fishes.

유전적 다양성이 고려되지 않은 어미 관리에 의한 양식 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 유전적 다양성의 변화

노재구 ( Jae Koo Noh ),김현철 ( Hyun Chul Kim ),박철지 ( Choul Ji Park ),이정호 ( Jeong Ho Lee ),김종현 ( Jong Hyun Kim ),이미숙 ( Mi Sug Lee ),김우진 ( Woo Jin Kim ),김경길 ( Kyung Kil Kim ),명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ) 한국어류학회 2008 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.20 No.4

우리나라의 주요 양식 대상종인 넙치에 있어 유전적 조성에 대한 고려없이 구성된 양식 넙치 어미 집단에서 세대의 경과에 따른 집단의 유전적 다양성의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 총 8개의 microsatellite DNA markers를 이용하여 분석하였다. 동일한 수정란 생산업체에서 2003년에 생산된 양식 넙치와, 동일한 집단내에서 생산된 넙치로 어미 그룹이 완전히 교체된 2006년 및 2007년에 생산된 넙치 집단을 비교한 결과, 대립유전자 수와 이형접합기대치의 비교에서 2003년산 집단의 경우 9.75개와 0.796에서 2006년 7.78개와 0.785로 유전적 다양성이 다소 감소되는 경향이었다. 또한 대립유전자의 빈도에 있어서도 몇몇 대립유전자의 경우 소실되거나 빈도에 변화를 보이는 등 왜곡되어 나타났다. 그러나 여러 가지 다양성 지표들에서 수치상 감소를 나타내고 있는 이러한 결과들은 비록 유의적인 수준에서 유전적 다양성의 축소라고는 판단되지 않지만 양식 넙치 집단이 HWE에 어긋나 있어 세대가 진행될수록 집단의 유전적 다양성은 감소될 것으로 예상되었다. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of the most popular farmed fish in Korea. Genetic variability of the fish was investigated by means of microsatellite DNA markers. All of the 8 microsatellite loci were analyzed in this study. For the confirmation of genetic variation during a shift in generation, microsatellite variability was compared within the same hatchery strains but produced in different spawning years. When genetic variability of farmed flounders produced in 2006 and 2007 was compared with that of 2003, a marked reduction of genetic variability was observed in the 2006 and 2007 populations. Mean number of alleles per locus and expected mean heterozygosity decreased from 9.75 and 0.796 (in 2003 population) to 7.78 and 0.785 (in 2006 population), respectively. Moreover, we have observed the distortion of allele frequency. These results show that reduced genetic variability of farmed olive flounder in processed generation has lower numbers of alleles and genetic variability than these of wild fish. Our results suggest that to have a sustainable aquaculture of this species, there is need for scientific broodstock management based on genetic variation and more intensive breeding practices to improve genetic diversity and to avoid detrimental inbreeding effects.

수온에 따른 넙치의 특이 항체 반응

김위식 ( Wi Sik Kim ),장민석 ( Min Seok Jang ),정성주 ( Sung Ju Jung ),김석렬 ( Seok Ryel Kim ),박명애 ( Myoung Ae Park ),이정호 ( Jeong Ho Lee ),명정인 ( Jeong In Myeong ),오명주 ( Myung Joo Oh ) 한국어병학회 2011 한국어병학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The specific antibody response of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus to different water temperature were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the rearing temperature of 15℃, first anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) antibody titer was appeared after 14 days of immunization, whereas 24∼48 days post-immunization (PI) resulted maximum antibody titer in all 5 experimental fish with optical density (OD) values 1.94∼3.04. At the end of the experiment (84 days), 0.03∼1.28 OD values were observed. In the rearing temperature of 12∼13℃, first antibody titer was found 28 days PI in 2 out of 5 fish. Three fish shown high OD titer (1.88∼2.68) between 56 and 70 days and OD values of 0.49 to 2.35 were observed at 84 days. However, the anti-BSA antibodies of two fish showed less than 0.8 OD values until 84 days. In the rearing temperature of 10℃, specific antibody appeared at 56 days, maximum antibody titer was observed at 70 days in 2 out of 5 fish (OD values: 1.37∼1.53) and 1.00 to 1.11 OD values were observed at 84 days. Rest 3 fish showed OD values of 0.12 to 0.68 much below to that of other 2 fish, throughout the experimental period. In conclusion, specific antibody response of olive flounder at high temperature was much faster, higher and longer than that at lower temperature.

Osmotic pump를 이용한 암컷 뱀장어(Anguilla japonica)의 성성숙 유도

김정현(Jung-Hyun Kim),김대근(Dae-Geun Kim),김효원(Hyo-Won Kim),이배익(Bae-Ik Lee),김신권(Shin-Kwon Kim),전제천(Je-cheon Jun),명정인(Jeong-In Myeong),김대중(Dae-Jung Kim) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.10

뱀장어(Anguilla japonica)의 인공종묘생산은 연어뇌하수체추출물(SPE, salmon pituitary extract)을 암컷 뱀장어에게 지속적인 투여를 하고 인위적으로 성성숙을 유도로 얻은 난과 정자를 인공수정을 하고 부화 시켜 생산한다. 하지만 SPE를 반복적으로 복강에 주사하는 방법은 암컷 뱀장어에게 많은 스트레스를 주며, 결국 스트레스로 인하여 완전한 성성숙을 하지 못하고 폐사에 이르게 되거나 배란한 난의 질이 좋지 않아 부화율과 자어의 생존율이 떨어지는 문제점을 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는 뱀장어의 성성숙 유도에 유효하다고 알려진 호르몬이 주입된 osmotic pump를 복강에 삽입 후 암컷 뱀장어의 성성숙 유도를 하였다. 본 연구결과 SPE를 투여한 실험어의 GSI가 hCG, GnRHa, MT를 각각 또는 함께 투여한 실험구 보다 유의하게 증가하였으며 조직학적 분석결과에서도 난소의 난모세포가 핵이동기 단계로 발달되었음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 결과를 통해 osmotic pump를 이용한 암컷 뱀장어 인위적 성성숙 유도 방법으로 이용 가능할 것으로 생각된다. For the artificial induction of the sexual maturation of Anguilla japonica, salmon pituitary extract (SPE) is continuously injected into females, and the eggs obtained from artificial sexual maturation are artificially fertilized with sperms and hatched. However, repeated injection of SPE in the abdominal cavity causes tremendous stress in females, which may prevent their complete sexual maturation and reduce the immune system function, ultimately resulting in death. In addition, the poor quality of the ovulated eggs can reduce the hatching and survival rate of larvae. In the present study, sexual maturation of females was induced by inserting an osmotic (OS) pump containing hormone analogs known to effectively induce sexual maturation into the abdominal cavity of female eels, and the effect of the OS pump on the induced sexual maturation was investigated. Our study results showed that the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly higher in the fish subjected to SPE injection than those subjected to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa), and methyl testosterone (MT) injections, either separately or in combination. In addition, a histological analysis showed that the oocytes in the SPE OS pump groups were more mature (entered the nuclear shift stage) than those in the other groups. These results suggest that an osmotic pump containing hormone analogs can be used to induce sexual maturation in female A. japonica artificially.