18세기 한양도성의 개축과 축성기법

송인호,김영수,문인식,Song, In Ho,Kim, Young Soo,Moon, In Sik 한국건축역사학회 2021 건축역사연구 Vol.30 No.4

Since its construction in the late 14th century, Hanyangdoseong had been carried out three major repairs and reconstructions during the 500 years of the Joseon Dynasty. In addition to the large-scale construction, small-scale construction continued until King Gojong era. In particular, in the 18th century, systematic construction management was implemented by the craftsmen and the military participated in the renovation of Hanyangdoseong in earnest, and the construction methods also developed rapidly. In the early 18th century, new construction techniques were attempted in various sections of the reconstruction work, and gradually became a common technology for repairing Hanyangdoseong in the late 18th century. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and period of changes in the 18th century's construction technique, when the rapid development of Hanyangdoseong took place. To this end, the excavation results related to Hanyangdoseong, the remaining city wall, and the inscribed stones were used to identify and demonstrate the characteristics and change of the construction method.

왕실사묘(王室私廟) 육상궁(毓詳宮)의 20세기 변화(變化)에 관한 연구(硏究)

송인호,조은주,Song, In-Ho,Cho, Eun-Joo 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.10

The purpose of this study is to understand several changes of Yuksang-gung(毓祥宮), which was one of the royal shine in Joseon Dynasty. On urban context and architectural perspective, the shrine took significant position in 20th century when old Hanyang(漢陽) transformed to Kyungsung(京城). Originally, Yuksang-gung was constructed as a little shine which set up a tablet of King Young-jo's biological mother. After given a title of a palace, the shrine became important site that King Young-jo held a ritual formality for his mother. Furthermore, it related to King's will that tried to reorganize urban structure, because he stayed Kyunghee-palce(慶熙宮) in the latter part of his time. Yuksang-gung changed through three phases. In first phase, the shrine got a position of palace. In second phase, by enshrining together Yuksang-gung transformed to Chil-gung(七宮). Enshrined palaces were arranged in hierarchical order, and it was same as royal procession that king had moved between several royal shrines since 20th century. In third phase, the boundary of Yuksang-gung was reduced by urban planning in 1968. In spatial aspect, the space composition of royal shrines in Joseon dynasty could be classified into three areas, and the same principle applies to Yuksang-gung.

주택가격과 거시경제변수 간 상호 영향력에 관한 연구

송인호Song, In Ho) 한국부동산정책학회 2012 不動産政策硏究 Vol.13 No.2

This study examines the mutual relationships between interest rates, house prices, inflation and GDP in order to analyze the connectivity between house prices and macroeconomic variables. For better understanding of theoretical aspects of macroeconomic variables, I construct a non-separable Dynamic Equilibrium Model that matches macroeconomic variables. This theoretical model provides the investigation of the connectivity between house markets and macroeconomy. Then, by conducting an empirical analysisusing a Vector Auto-regressive (VAR) method to support the investigation, I show the impulse responses to the shocks from macroeconomic variables and house prices so as to quantify the mutual effects between them. According to the theoretical model and the empirical analysis results, the housing market is mutually connected to macroeconomic variables in both direct and indirect ways, and the housing market serves as an essential driving force behind the business cycle. It is also shown that GDP is an important factor that causes changes in the int erest rate. The interest rate is also an essential element that triggers changes in house prices. A rise in house prices causes the interest rate to rise gradually, contributing to the increase in GDP. However, the rise in the interest rate turns to gradually pull do wn the interest rate curbing the rise in GDP. The fall in house prices causes the interest rate to decrease gradually, resulting in shrinking GDP.

18·19세기 한양도성(漢陽都城) 안 궁묘(宮廟)의 입지와 위상

송인호,조은주,Song, In-Ho,Cho, Eun-Joo 한국건축역사학회 2012 건축역사연구 Vol.21 No.6

This study was aimed at analyzing the location and topology of the 'Gungmyo(宮廟)' and in Hanyang Doseong(漢陽都城) during 18th and 19th century. Based on the changes of royal processions(行幸) which had been done between the Gungmyo and the Palace, the Gungmyo can be a barometer of cognition where the city center was. Hanyang Doseong was the the capital of Joseon(朝鮮) which had established by king Taejo(太祖). The city had been organized with Gyeongbok-gung(景福宮) as the center. However, after the Imjin War(1592), Gyeongbok-gung was destroyed and urban space was reorganized with Changduk-gung(昌德宮) which reconstructed first. As most kings in late Joseon dynasty had mainly stayed in Changduk-gung, lots of Gungmyos where a memorial service for king's relatives had been held were established in and around the palace and the frequency of visiting the Gungmyo varied by political purpose. Therefore, the location of the Gungmyo and the rounte of parade were important to impress on the center of urban space. In 18th century, lots of King's procession had been done with Changduk-gung as departure point. The king used to start from Donwha-mun(敦化門), and the routes included main street around Changduk-gung. It shows that the urban center focused on the east of the city. On the other hand, when the king lived in Kyeonghee-gung(慶熙宮), a secondary palace in late Joseon dynasty, the parade started from Hungwha-mun(興化門) and the urban center was expended to the west. Since Gyeongbok-gung had reconstructed in 1865, recognition scheme of urban space had changed from Changduk-gung to Gyeongbok-gung as the center. When the Gungmyo relocated western side of Gyeongbok-gung, spatial proximity of the palace and relation with facilities around downtown fed into changing the route of king's parade.

조선 별궁 어의궁(於義宮)(용흥궁(龍興宮))의 도시(都市) 위상(位相)과 영조(英祖)의 친영(親迎)

송인호,조은주,Song, In-Ho,Cho, Eun-Joo 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.5

The purpose of this study was to understand urban topology of Eui-Palace by clarifying its establishment and spatial composition. This would help to grasp spatial structure of Seoul city in 18th century. Eui-Palace was important place for royal wedding ceremony. It primarily constructed a mansion of prince Bong-rim who became king Hyo-jong(17th king of Joseon dynasty) in 1649. However, after being held the wedding ceremony in 1638, it had been used as the wedding hall where the king makes his wife as a queen. Although the palace changed its program from a dwelling to a ceremony hall, the three main building of the palace had been kept. When Eui-palace began to use as a wedding hall, king In-jo(16th king of Joseon dynasty) tried to reorganize the urban structure which focused on the east. By establishing the wedding hall newly, the city center which centered Changduk-palace could be more stable than before. Meanwhile, the wedding ceremony of king Young-jo(21th king of Joseon dynasty) which was performed in 18th century, shows three main streets of the city at the time. To trace the route of king Young-jo's wedding procession between Changduk-palace and Eui-palace, these roads took on not only ceremonial parts but also political roles.

서울 북촌한옥의 변화양상에 관한 연구 - 북촌 가꾸기 사업에 따른 2002~2007 한옥 대수선 사례를 대상으로 -

송인호,김영수,조은주,Song, In-Ho,Kim, Young-Soo,Cho, Eun-Joo 한국건축역사학회 2009 건축역사연구 Vol.18 No.2

This study focused on changes in form and spatial uses of Urban Hanok in Bukchon, Seoul. There are 10 representative cases which have been renovated through the policy of 'Preservation & Regeneration of Bukchon' by Seoul metropolitan government and other experts. Changes in form and spatial uses of Urban Hanok in Buckon are as follows. First, Changes of scale. Trough removing extension parts, facade of renovated Hanoks are 'transformed' into recovering their identity. Using basements or lofts, intensive application of spaces is transformation which promotes the vitality of Hanoks. Second, changes of space organization. As Hanok changes its function from residence to commercial or cultural use, il a1so changes space character or reorganizes space organization. It is important that deciding function of Hanok has to adjust its scale and organization. Third, changes of construction performance. Through introducing new material and constructing method, performance of wall has been changed respecting its wooden structure and interior-exterior figure. However, technical studies must back it up not to destroy its value of eco-friendly architecture. Fourth, changes of facility systems, like floor heating system. They changes floor level of Hanok equally, and then sections of Hanok have became simple. Furthermore, inserting new facility space, such as boiler room, stand-up kitchen, bathroom and toilet, organization of space also changed. It is necessary that wise alternative proposal through the method of transformation or mutation must be presented. These four changes can be classification into method of 'transformation' and 'mutation'. Changes of scale are method of transformation and changes of space organization are method of mutation. Also, while changes of construction performance are mutation, changes of facility systems are transformation. Recently, as price of lots have been increased, a lot of Hanoks have been commercialized. Thc commercial energy threat 'the identity of Bukchon as residential area'. From now on, to operate 'identity' and 'vitality' complementary, it is necessary to make up for the preservation policy of Hanok and consolidate renovating standards of Hanok which correspond to character of particular region and building usage.

조선 별궁 於義宮(龍興宮)의 都市 位相과 英祖의 親迎

송인호(Song In-Ho),조은주(Cho Eun-Joo) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.5

The purpose of this study was to understand urban topology of Eui-Palace by clarifying its establishment and spatial composition. This would help to grasp spatial structure of Seoul city in 18th century. Eui-Palace was important place for royal wedding ceremony. It primarily constructed a mansion of prince Bong-rim who became king Hyo-jong(17th king of Joseon dynasty) in 1649. However, after being held the wedding ceremony in 1638, it had been used as the wedding hall where the king makes his wife as a queen. Although the palace changed its program from a dwelling to a ceremony hall, the three main building of the palace had been kept. When Eui-palace began to use as a wedding hall, king In-jo(16th king of Joseon dynasty) tried to reorganize the urban structure which focused on the east. By establishing the wedding hall newly, the city center which centered Changduk-palace could be more stable than before. Meanwhile, the wedding ceremony of king Young-jo(21th king of Joseon dynasty) which was performed in 18th century, shows three main streets of the city at the time. To trace the route of king Young-jo’s wedding procession between Changduk-palace and Eui-palace, these roads took on not only ceremonial parts but also political roles.

서울 북촌(北村)의 역사경관보전정책 변천에 따른 건축물 변화

송인호,김영수,Song, In-Ho,Kim, Young-Soo 한국건축역사학회 2006 건축역사연구 Vol.15 No.3

We have focused on the building appearance according to the change of conservation policy and urban fabric in Bukchon, Seoul. The Urban Hanok, urban traditional housing type, had been evolved in modern contort from 1920's to 1960's, that is to say, many buildings(Urban Hanok) in Bukchon area has built up with a lot and road at the same time. But the change of conservation policy has an effect on the urban fabric and building(wooden structure, RC and brick building). Thus many types of building in Bukchon has undergone a various change. The purpose of this paper is to define a change factor of Bukchon buildings. Thus we need to pay attention to policy and urban fabric. We reached the result as follows. First, the change of architecture regulations according to the several policies(an aesthetic area, an altitude area for sky line restriction and so on) brought into building deformation and eventually the historic scenery of Bukchon has been spoiled. Second, the change of policy had an effect on the change of roads and lots. Buildings on a widen road and a united lot was built newly. But new buildings built up with a concrete or brick structure was not in harmony with the historic scenery of Bukchon area. Third, a development method of a large lot with lack prudence(disregarded a scale and size of lot) did damage to Urban hanok and urban fabric. With the understanding on the relationship of buildings, a urban fabric and a policy in Bukchon, we can define the identity and correspond with the urgent request for a the conservation of historic urban scenery In addition we can suggest the policy and the design guidelines for the reservation and rehabilitation for Bukchon, Seoul.

산 로렌쪼 성당의 두 성구실에 표현된 중심성

송인호,Song, In-Ho 한국건축역사학회 1992 건축역사연구 Vol.1 No.2

I have focused my study on the comparative analysis between 'Sacrestia Vecchia (Old sacresty)' and 'Sacrestia Nouva (New sacresty)' of San Lorenzo in Firenze. One is designed by F. Brunelleschi and the other is designed by B. Michelangello on the base of similar program and context. The analytic study has led me to the following conclusions: First. two saresties take concrete shapes by organizing the classcal vocabularies on the elementary forms. Second, though Michelangelo has started Bruneleschi's sacresty, he gives a more concrete form by the heightening the section. Third, the transformation of entrance and aediclues show that Michelangelo designed the new sacresty on the creative interpretation of the classical vocabulary and the context.

북촌 튼ㅁ자형한옥의 유형연구

송인호,Song, In-Ho 한국건축역사학회 2004 건축역사연구 Vol.13 No.4

Open-rectangular plan Hanok is one of the major types that compose the urban tissues of Bukchon, a typical traditional residential area in Seoul. Through the comparison of the cadastral map of 1912 and the aerial photograph of 1962, the paper has given the outline of the and the distribution of Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon. And the paper defines the characteristics of Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon as followings. First, Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon is the mutated type of Open-rectangular plan Hanok in Kyong-gi Province. Second, the composition and characteristics of Bakat-chae and outer-courtyard have been changed through the adaptation itself to the compact lots of urban neighborhood. Third, the composition and characteristics of An-chae has not been changed except the inner corner bay, that gives the lights and view to An-bang through the window. And the comparison and observation of four examples, the paper defines the identities of Open-rectangular plan Hanok at Bukchon. The partial transformation comes from the conflicts and adjustments with the structure of alley and the topographical condition of lots.