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EFFECTS OF THE REMOTE H-PLASMA TREATMENTS FOR THE REMOVAL OF CU IMPURITY ON SI SUBSTRATE
Ahn, T. H.,Park, M. G.,Ryoo, Kun-Kul,Lee, Chong-Moo,Jeon-Tag, Hyeong-Tag 한국재료학회 1995 Fabrication and Characterization of Advanced Mater Vol.2 No.e1
Removal of Cu impurity from Si surfaces was investigated. Cu impurity on Si surface was contaminated interntionally by dipping into the standard 1ppm CuC$l_2$ chemical solution. The H-plasma treatments were conducted to remove Cu impurity depending on the rf powers, exposure times and remote distances. After these H-plasma treatments, Si surfaces were analyzed by using TXRF(total X-ray reflection fluorescence) and AFM(atomic force microscope). The concentration of Cu which was intentionally contaminated was about $10^{13}$ atoms/c$m^2$ and its surface roughness(root mean square) was around 2.7$\AA$. The Cu concentration and surface roughness were imporved after H-plasma cleaning. The Cu comcentration was reduced more than a factor of 10 and its surface roughness showed more than 30% improvement. This removal mechanism was tried to expain by applying the lift-off phenomena accompanied with the removal of a oxide and Cu impurity.
Kim, M K,Kim, H D,Park, J H,Lim, J I,Yang, J S,Kwak, W Y,Sung, S Y,Kim, H J,Kim, S H,Lee, C H,Shim, J Y,Bae, M H,Shin, Y A,Huh, Y,Han, T D,Chong, W,Choi, H,Ahn, B N,Yang, S O,Son, M H Williams Wilkins 2006 The Journal of pharmacology and experimental thera Vol.318 No.2
<P>Human cathepsin K, a cysteine proteinase of the papain family, has been recognized as a potential drug target for the treatment of osteoporosis. The predominant expression of cathepsin K in osteoclasts has rendered the enzyme into a major target for the development of novel antiresorptive drugs. Now, we report the pharmacological properties of OST-4077 [furan-2-carboxylic acid (1-{1-[4-fluoro-2-(2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl]-3-oxo-piperidin-4-ylcarbamoyl}-cyclohexyl)-amide] as a novel selective cathepsin K inhibitor. Human and rat cathepsin K were inhibited in vitro by OST-4077 with the IC50 values of 11 and 427 nM, respectively. OST-4077 suppressed bone resorption induced by rabbit osteoclasts (IC50, 37 nM) but did not affect bone mineralization or cellular alkaline phosphatase activity in MC3T3-E1 cells. Parathyroid hormone-induced bone resorption was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in thyroparathyroidectomized rats gavaged with a single dose of OST-4077 (ED50, 69 mg/kg). When given orally twice daily for 4 weeks to 3-month-old ovariectomized (OVX) rats, OST-4077 dose-dependently prevented bone loss, as monitored by bone densitometry, ash content, and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline. No change in serum osteocalcin in the OVX rats by OST-4077 suggested that bone formation might not be affected by the agent. In summary, OST-4077 selectively inhibited bone resorbing activities of osteoclasts and prevented bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency but did not affect bone formation. OST-4077, an orally active selective human cathepsin K inhibitor, may have the therapeutic potential for the treatment of diseases characterized by excessive bone loss including osteoporosis.</P>
Ahn, Jungho,Cho, Chong-Su,Cho, Seong Woo,Kang, Joo H.,Kim, Sung-Yon,Min, Dal-Hee,Song, Joon Myong,Park, Tae-Eun,Jeon, Noo Li Elsevier 2018 ACTA BIOMATERIALIA Vol.76 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Vascular networks are the first sites exposed to cationic polymer nanoparticles (NPs) administered intravenously, and thus function as a barrier for NPs reaching the target organ. While cationic polymer NPs have been intensively studied as non-viral delivery systems, their biological effects in human microvessels have been poorly investigated due to a lack of appropriate <I>in vitro</I> systems. Here, we employed a three-dimensional microvessel on a chip, which accurately models <I>in vivo</I> conditions. An open and perfused microvessel surrounded by pericytes was shown to reproduce the important features of living vasculature, including barrier function and biomarkers. Using this microvessel chip, we observed contraction of the microvascular lumen induced by perfused polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA NPs. We demonstrated that the oxidative stress present when microvessels were exposed to PEI NPs led to rearrangement of microtubules resulting in microvessel contraction. Furthermore, the transcytotic behavior of PEI NPs was analyzed in the microvessel by monitoring the escape of PEI NPs from the microvascular lumen into the perivascular region, which was not possible in two-dimensional culture systems. With our new understanding of the different behaviors of cationic polymer NPs depending on their transcytotic route, we suggest that caveolae-mediated transcytosis is a powerful route for efficient extravascular transport.</P> <P><B>Statement of Significance</B></P> <P>Microvascular networks are not only biological system constituting largest surface area in the body and but also first site exposed to nanoparticle <I>in vivo</I>. While cationic polymer NPs have been intensively studied as non-viral delivery systems, its biological effects in human microvessel have been poorly investigated due to lack of appropriate <I>in vitro</I> systems. Here, we microengineered an open and perfused 3D pericyte incorporated microvessel model which possesses same morphological characteristic of <I>in vivo</I>. Using the microengineered model, this study represents the first report of transcytotic behavior of NPs in 3D microvessel, and its effect on extravasation efficiency. Our study lays the groundwork for the integration of innovative technologies to examine blood vessel-nanoparticle interaction, which a critical but ill-defined phenomenon.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
양계용에너지 사료로서 고구마의 이용에 관한 연구 제1보 옥수수대치사료로서 고구마 펠릿트의 급여수준
곽종형,안병홍 ( Chong H . Kwack,Byung H . Ahn ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.3
The feeding value and maximum available level of sweet potato as a substitute for corn in the chick diets, which was formed in either all-mash or pellet, were studied. Thirty day-old female chicks of Stareross 288 were alloted into 12 lots fed on either mash or pellet with sweet potato to the level up to 30% of chick diets. All the experimental diets were formulated to contain iso-calorie and iso-protein. For the feeding periods of 0 to 7 weeks, 8 to 14 weeks and 0 to 14 weeks, the body wt. gain, feed intake, feed conversion and feed economy were observed and the efficiency of nutrients utilization of different diets was also examined at the end of feeding period. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The body weight gain of chicks were found significantly more in pelleted diet than in all-mash diet for the feeding periods of 0 to 7 weeks and 0 to 14 weeks. However, the body wt. gain was not significantly different between the substitute levels of sweet potato for any feeding period. For the period of 0 to 7 weeks the chicks fed pelleted diet with 30% sweet potato got significantly more body wt. gain than the chicks fed all-mash diet without sweet potato. 2. The feed intake of chicks were found significantly more in pelleted diet than in all-mash diet for the feeding period of 0 to 7 weeks and 0 to 14 weeks. However, the feed intake of chicks was not significantly different between the levels of sweet potato of the diets. Feed conversion of chicks fed pelleted diet was similar to that of chicks fed all-mash diet. The feed conversion of chicks fed all-mash or pelleted diet containing 30% sweet potato was worse than that of chicks fed all-mash diet without sweet potato. 3. The chicks fed all-mash or pelleted diet with the different substitute levels of sweet potato for corn were similar in the efficiency of nutrient utilization, which was determined at the end of feeding period, such as dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and nitrogen-free extracts of the diet. 4. The feed cost required for 1㎏ body wt. gain of the chicks fed pelleted diet was similar to that of the chicks fed all-mash diet. The diets containing the higher levels of sweet potato was found a slightly more expensive for 1㎏. body wt. groin of chicks. From the above results, it is concluded that the substitute of sweet potato for corn up to 25% in pelleted diet is more profitable, comparing with all-mash diet containing 60% corn only, if the sweet potato meal were home-produced.
한국인 결핵환자에서 Isoniazid와 Rifampicin의 약동학
안석진 ( Seok Jin Ahn ),박상준 ( Sang Joon Park ),강경우 ( Kyeong Woo Kang ),서지영 ( Gee Young Suh ),정만표 ( Man Pyo Chung ),김호중 ( Ho Joong Kim ),권오정 ( O Jung Kwon ),이종헌 ( Chong H. Rhee ),차희수 ( Hee Soo Cha ),김명민 ( 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1999 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.47 No.4