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HPLC-ICP/MS 와 ICP/MS를 이용한 FAPAS 07187 쌀의 총비소, 무기비소, 카드뮴 측정
노현명 ( Hyun Myung Noh ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ),( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim12 ),김경진 ( Gyeong Jin Kim ),박기문 ( Ki Moon Park ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyock Yoo ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ),이영자 ( Y 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
Metal (loid)s such as environmental contaminants affect food safety. Metal (loid)s exist trace extremely in agriculture products. Therefore it is important to analyze accurately about trace these metals. High resolution techniques and quality controls are needed to analyze these materials. In order to achieve quality results, standardized methods and techniques are required. So ISO(International Organization for Standardization) of laboratory proficiency testing is determination of laboratory testing performance by means of inter-laboratory comparison. The values have been derived as a consensus of a number of laboratories using a variety of methods. Proficiency tests were applied to analyze the metal(loid)s [inorganic arsenic (As), total As and cadmium (Cd)] in powdered rice FAPAS 07187 (Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme; February-April 2013). The rice powder sample was extracted with 1% HNO3 for inorganic As for microwave-assisted extraction using water at 95℃ for 90 min and their analysis by HPLC/ICPMS. Also, HNO3 for total As and Cd using microwave-assisted extraction using at 200℃ for 50 mins and analysis by ICP/MS. Validation check was performed for accuracy using CRM (NMIJ CRM 7503-a) for inorganic As, and CRM (IRMM-Rice CRM) for total arsenic and cadmium. The result were satisfactory. FAPAS 07187 the z-scores of inorganic As, total As and Cd in powdered rice were-1.8,-0.9 and 0.2(lzl<2, respectively).
유기개량제 및 황토처리에 따른 알타리무의 비소와 카드뮴의 흡수
( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ),고우리 ( Woo Ri Go ),이정미 ( Jeong Mi Lee ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyuck Yoo ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
Agricultural soils contaminated by arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) have become an important issue as a result of industrial activities in the vicinity of agricultural areas, excessive application of contaminated fertilizers and manures, and irrigation with metal(loid)s-contaminated water. This study investigated the effect of organic amendments (vermicompost (VC), and hairy vetch (HV) and sesame meal biochars (SS BCs)) and red soil (RS-2% and 4%) on the availability of As and Cd in radish (Raphanus sativus) in a highly and medium contaminated As soil. A highly As-contaminated (HA) soil (1341.54 mg As kg-1, 2.99 mg Cd kg-1, pH 6.85) and a medium As-contaminated (MA) soil (112.45 mg As kg-1, 1.98 mg Cd kg-1, pH 7.66) was incubated for a week in the presence of RS and other organic amendments and used for pot experiment. The results indicated that HV BC and 2% RS decreased total As and Cd significantly in HA soil, whereas in MA soil, As uptake was reduced significantly by HV and SS BCs, and VC. Cadmium uptake in MA soil was not reduced significantly by any amendments and also RS (2 and 4%) increased the As and Cd uptake compared to the control in MA soil. Total As and Cd uptake in VC was higher than the control in HA soil, whereas it decreased in the MA soil. The dry matter content decreased in HA soil in the presence of all the amendments, while in MA soil only 4% RS increased the dry matter. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for Cd and As in HA and MA controls were 7.5 and 0.4, and 0.34 and 0.13, respectively. The BCF values decreased in amended HA As and Cd soils compared to control and the lowest value was observed in HV BC soil whereas, it increased in MA Cd soils. In MA As soil, the values decreased in BC treatments and increased in others. Although the amendments reduced the BCF values compared to control, the translocation factor (TF) values were >1 in HA As and Cd soils which shows that the bioavailability and translocation of As and Cd from root to shoot was enhanced. The TF value was >1 in MA As control and 4% RS soils and <1 for others with significant decrease observed in BCs-treated soils. In MA Cd soil, the amendments have only slightly decreased the transfer of Cd from root to shoot compared to control. The results obtained varied widely between the soils, elements and the treatments. This study suggests that radish in the absence of amendments could be used for phytostabilisation of Cd in HA soil and for phytoextraction of As and Cd in MA soils. In the case of amendments, only BCs offer some promising results in the remediation of medium As-and Cd-contaminated soils. However, a field experiment is required to confirm the results obtained from the glass house study to carefully understand the behavior of amendments in the presence of As and Cd.
이지호 ( Ji Ho Lee ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),고우리 ( Woo Ri Go ),정은정 ( Eun Jung Jeong ),( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),정구복 ( Goo Bok Jung ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.1
BACKGROUND: Increase of heavy metals in agricultural ecosystem has become a social issue nationwide as it is related to public health. This review was performed to find out more systematic and integrated future researches on heavy metals using up to date articles published in the Korean journals related to agricultural environment. METHODS AND RESULTS: Researches on heavy metals in agricultural soils and plant uptake were categorized by the establishment of criteria, analytical methods, monitoring, management of source, characteristics and behavior in soil, plant uptake, bioavailability affecting physico -chemical properties in soil, risk assessment and soil remediation. In the early 1990s, the monitoring for heavy metals in soil has been widely performed. Accumulation of heavy metals in contaminated soil and availability to plants has also attracted interests to study the soil remediation using various physico-chemical methods. The phytoavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals have been mainly studied to assess the safety of agro-products using risk assessment techniques in the 2000s. CONCLUSION: Future direction of research on heavy metal in agricultural environment must be carried out by ensuring food safety and sustainability. A steady survey and proper management for polluted regions should be continued. Law and regulation must be modified systematically. Furthermore, studies should expand on mitigation of heavy metal uptake by crops and remediation of polluted fields.
연구보문 : 토양환경 ; 농작물 재배지 토양 내 비소, 납 및 카드뮴의 농산물로의 전이계수 산출
김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),이지호 ( Ji Ho Lee ),( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),강대원 ( Dae Won Kang ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyock Yoo ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ),이영자 ( Young Ja Lee ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.4
BACKGROUND: The Transfer Factor (TF) of heavy metals from soil to plant is important, because TF is an indicator of heavy metal in soils and a factor that quantifies bioavailability of heavy metals to agricultural products. This study was conducted to investigate the transfer ability of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) from soil to agricultural products. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated heavy metals (As, Cd and Pb) concentrations in 9 agricultural products (rice, barely, corn, pulse, lettuce, pumpkin, apple, pear, tangerin) and soil. TF of agricultural products was evaluated based on total and HCl-extractable soil concentration of As, Cd, and Pb. Regression analysis was used to predict the relationship of total and HCl-extractable concentration with agricultural product contents of As, Cd, and Pb. The result showed that TF was investigated average 0.006∼0.309 (As), 0.002∼6.185 (Cd), 0.003∼0.602 (Pb). The mean TF value was the highest as rice 0.309 in As, lettuce 6.185, pear 0.717, rice 0.308 in Cd, lettuce 0.602, pumpkin 0.536 in Pb which were dependent on the vegetable species and cereal is showed higher than fruit-vegetables in As. CONCLUSION(S): Soil HCl-extractable concentration of As, Cd, and Pb had the larger effects on thier contents in agricultural products than total soil concentrations. We suggests that TF are served as influential factor on the prediction of uptake. Further study for uptake and accumulation mechanism of toxic metals by agricultural products will be required to assess the human health risk and need TF of more agricultural products.
바이오에너지 작물을 이용한 중금속 오염 농경지의 식물복원 연구
고우리 ( Woo Ri Go ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ),이정미 ( Jeong Mi Lee ),( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyock Yoo ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ),김계훈 ( Kye Hoon Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
중금속 오염지는 보통 단일 중금속으로 오염된 것이 아니라 복합적으로 오염되어 있다. 그렇기 때문에 비소, 아연, 카드뮴, 구리 등의 복합오염에 대한 축적 능을 확인하기 위한 흡수양상과 현장 적용에 대한 연구가 수행되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 중금속 오염 농경지 M포장, T포장 두지역과 대조군 S포장에서 해바라기, 옥수수, 수수, 돼지감자 재배시험을 통해 바이오에너지 작물의 식물복원 가능성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 시험에 사용된 두지역의 중금속 함량은 우리나라 토양환경 보전법에서 제시하는 농경지 토양오염 우려기준에 비소함량이 M포장은 4배, T포장은 54배 수준으로 매우 높으며 M포장의 경우 카드뮴 함량이, T포장은 납의 함량이 우려기준을 초과하는 오염지 이다. 작물 파종 후 8∼10주 후 생육조사를 하였고, 12∼14주 후 시료를 채취하여 60℃에서 건조 시킨 후 분석시료로 사용하였다. 농경지의 중금속 농도차이에 따른 지역별 생육의 차이가 확인되었으며 특히 비소함량이 높은 T포장에서 M포장과 S포장에 비해 초기생육이 저하되었고, 수량이 감소함을 보였다. 또한 토양의 중금속 농도가 높을수록 생체 중 중금속 농도가 높게 나타났으며 비소, 카드뮴, 납, 아연 등의 농도가 S포장과 M포장에 비해 T포장에서 크게 높게 나타났다. 생물체 량을 고려한 총 흡수량도 T포장에서의 함량이 높은 경향이었으나 작물별로 다소 차이를 보였다. 따라서 작물의 중금속 흡수량이 토양의 중금속 오염에 대한 식물정화 종으로 선정하기에는 기준에 미치지 못하는 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 최근 중금속 오염 농경지에서 생산되는 농산물이 중금속 허용기준을 초과하고 있으며 이에 따른 휴경 등 지속적으로 사회 문제를 발생하고 있는 점을 고려 해야 한다. 또한 국제 곡물 가격 상승과 더불어 화석연료의 고갈에 따른 바이오에너지 생산에 국가적 관심이 증대되고 있어 에너지 원료작물을 생산하여 경제적 효과와 더불어 복원 농경지의 사 용에 따른 지속 가능한 농업 생산성을 유지하고, 생태관광산업의 유치 등 농가소득증대가 예상되는 적극적인 중금속 오염 농경지 개량방법으로 사료된다.