PSO을 이용한 고속 2차원 상태공간 디지털필터 설계

이영호,Lee, Young-Ho 한국정보통신학회 2013 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

본 논문은 Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)을 이용하여 고속 2차원 디지털필터의 설계방법을 제안하였다. 먼저 2차원 상태공간 디지털필터의 설계문제를 PSO에 적용하기 위하여 최소화 문제로써 형식화 과정이 논의된다. 제안된 PSO 알고리즘을 이용한 설계방법은 필터설계에서 요구되는 안정성을 보증하는 과정이 검토되어 개선된다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법의 타당성을 설계예시를 통해 고찰한 결과, 설계된 디지털필터는 동일한 설계사양으로 기존의 설계방법으로 설계된 디지털필터보다 근사 및 라운드오프 오차 면에서 우수한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 아울러 제안된 2의 멱수가 필터계수인 2차원 상태공간 디지털필터는 승산기가 필요하지 않아 기존의 필터보다 연산과정에서 계산용량을 약 1/4로 줄일 수 있다는 것을 보였다. This paper presents an efficient design method of multiplierless 2-D state space digital filter based on a particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm. The design task is reformulated as a constrained minimization problem and is solved by our newly developed PSO algorithm. To ensure the stability of the designed 2-D state space digital filters, a stability strategy is embedded in the basic PSO algorithm. The superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated by several experiments. The results show that the approximation error and roundoff noise of the resultant filters are better than those of the digital filters which designed by recently published filter design methods. In addition, the designed filters with power-of-two coefficients have only about 1/4 computational burden of the 2-D digital filters designed in the 2's complement binary representation.

Particle Swarm Optimization을 이용한 2차원 IIR 디지털필터의 설계

이영호,Lee, Young-Ho 한국정보통신학회 2009 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.13 No.7

본 논문은 Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)을 이용하여 2차원 IIR 디지털필터의 설계방법을 제안하였다. 먼저 2차원 디지털필터의 설계문제를 PSO에 적용하기 위하여 최소화 문제로써 형식화 과정이 논의된다. 제안된 PSO 알고리즘을 이용한 설계방법은 기존의 PSO 알고리즘에 IIR 필터설계에서 요구되는 안정성을 보증하는 과정이 검토되어 개선된다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법의 타당성을 설계예시를 통해 고찰한 결과, 설계된 디지털필터는 동일한 설계사양으로 기존의 설계방법으로 설계된 디지털필터보다 근사오차 면에서 우수한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 제안한 설계방법에 의한 2차원 IIR 디지털필터는 설계과정에서 필터의 안정성을 보증할 수 있었다. This paper presents an efficient design method of 2-D infinite impulse response(IIR) digital filter based on a particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm. The design task is reformulated as a constrained minimization problem and is solved by our newly developed PSO algorithm. To ensure the stability of the designed 2-D IIR digital filters, a new stability strategy is embedded in the basic PSO algorithm. The superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated by several experiments. The results show that the approximation error of the resultant filters are better than those of the digital filters which designed by recently published filter design methods. The proposed design method can also obtain the stable2-D IIR digital filters.

운동선수에 있어 체중조절필요성에 따른 식사특성, 성격특성, 우울성향 및 기타병리의 차이에 대한 연구

이영호,박세현,정영조,Lee, Young-Ho,Park, Se-Hyun,Chung, Young-Cho 한국정신신체의학회 1995 정신신체의학 Vol.3 No.1

This study was designed to investigate the role of weight control in the formation of underlying pathology in eating disorder or eating related problems. The subjects were 304 college athletes(Male : 187. Female: 121) and they were divided into two groups according to need for weight control(Weght control group: 110, Weght non control group: 194). The authors used self report questionnaire which was composed of epidemiologic data, food habit scale, eating attitude test, scale for locus of control for weight, scale for food preference and eating behavior. And we also used Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of Korean standardized edition for assessment of personality characteristics, Beck depression inventory, and the scale of hypochondriasis. The results were as follows: 1) Body mass index and the amount of cigarrette smoking and alcohol drinking showed significant differences by sex but not by need for weight control. 2) Eating habit of female athletes was the worst in all athletes. The score of eating attitude test of female athletes was higher than that of male athletes but there was no significant difference by need for weight control. Food preference and eating related behavior was also different by sex. 3) There were no significant differences in all subscales of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Beck depression inventory, and the scale of hypochondriasis between two groups which were divided by need for weight control. Neuroticism score was higher in female atheletes and psychoticism score was the highest in weight control male atheletes. 4) There was no significant difference in number of population with abnormal EAT score(to-tal score$\geq$26) between two groups which were divided by need for weight control. 5) The score of eating attitude test had positive correlation with the score of psychoticism and the tendency of depression in weight control male athletes but not in non-weight control male athletes. In non-weight control male athletes, the score of eating attitude test had positive correlation with the score of lie scale. so its correlation is different from those of weight control male athletes. But in female athletes, the score of eating attitude test had significant positive correlation with the score of psychoticism in both groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that the differences of eating traits in athletes are depend upon the sex difference, not upon the need for weight control. and that the role of weight control in eating disorder or abnormal eating attitude differs according to sex.

RFM 모델 기반의 병원고객 세분화 전략

이영호,강운구,황희정,Lee, Young-Ho,Kang, Un-Gu,Hwang, Hee-Jung 한국정보과학회 2005 정보과학회논문지 : 기술교육 Vol.2 No.1

의료시장개방등 보건의료 환경의 변화에 대응하기 위해서 병원도 기업과 같이 병원의 경쟁력이 고객중심의 의료를 통한 고객관계관리를 도입해야 하는 시대가 도래 하였다. 이를 위해 병원 고객의 성격 및 정확한 분류를 통해 좀더 체계적인 고객관리 방법이 요구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인천에 위치한 1300병상 이상의 종합병원고객을 대상으로 데이타 구간화를 적용한 RFM(Recency Frequency Monetary)모델을 도입하여 고객등급화를 수행하고, 데이타마이닝 사후분석를 실시하여 효율적인 고객관리 방법을 찾아본다. In order to cooperate today's healthcare environmental changes such as healthcare market opening and increase their competitiveness, Hospitals should perform customer based medical service and bring Customer Relationship Management to their system like other industries and enterprises. Therefore they need to reorganize customer management by analysis and classification of customers. This paper will suggest effective customer management strategies by the performing customer segmentation through RFM model which is applied by data tinning and analysis of data mining. Its study sample is from the general hospital with more than 1300beds in Incheon.

마이크로 용적형 수차의 개발에 관한 연구

이영호,최영도,Lee, Young-Ho,Choi, Young-Do 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.30 No.2

For the case of high head and critical low flow rate range of micro hydropower resources, it requires very low specific speed turbines which are lower than conventional impulse turbine's specific speed. In order to satisfy the request for very low specific speed turbine with high efficiency, a new positive displacement turbine is developed. The performance characteristics of the new turbine is tested and compared with a conventional impulse turbine, which is used for automatic water faucet system. The purpose of present study is to develop an high performance turbine that can be used to extract micro hydropower potential of a water supply system. The test results show that the positive displacement turbine is much more efficient than the conventional turbine and it can sustain high efficiency under the wide range of operating conditions. The pressure pulsations at the inlet and outlet of the positive displacement turbine can be considerably minimized by using simple pressure damper.

연화(軟化) Gutta-percha 충전법(充塡法)에서 Sealer의 조도(稠度)가 근관폐쇄(根管閉鎖)에 미치는 영향(影響)

이영호,Lee, Young-Ho 대한치과보존학회 1989 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.14 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 연화 gutta-percha 주입 근관충전법에서 효과적인 근관폐쇄를 얻기위해 함께 사용하는 sealer의 척절한 조도률 측정하는데 있다. 실험에 사용된 sealer는 $0.5m{\ell}$의 유지놀에 산화아연 분말을 혼화하여 얻은 $0.5m{\ell}$의 혼합물이 두 유리판 사이에서 120gm의 무게에 의하여 퍼지는 정도로써 측정한 조도에 상응하는 분말액비(比) 대로 산화아연 분말과 유지놀을 혼합하여 조도 65.45mm, 46.80mm, 28.95mm 및 22.60mm의 sealer를 제조하였다. 발거된 125개의 하악 대구치에서 원심근을 절취하여 step-back 방법으로 근관형성, 제조된 sealer를 근관벽에 피복하고 $70^{\circ}C$에서 연화된 gutta-percha를 주입, 근관충전하였다. 실험치근은 2% methylene-blue 색소용액에 침적시켜 $37^{\circ}C$의 항온기에서 48시간 경과시킨후 근단공을 통한 색소침투의 정도를 측정하여 다읍의 결과를 얻었다. 연화 gutta-percha 주입 근관충전법에서 sealer를 사용하지 않은 군이 sealer를 사용한 군보다 색소침투는 더 크게 나타났다(p<0.05). 일정한 조도의 범위 65.45mm~22.60mm에서 조도 65.45mm의 sealer는 조도 28.9mm 및 22.60mm보다 폐쇄효과는 더 높게 나타났고(p<0.05) 조도 46.80mm의 sealer 보다도 더 높게 나타났으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proper consistency of root canal sealer needed in obtaining an efficient canal obturation in injection-thermoplasticized low-temperature ($70^{\circ}C$) gutta-percha method. The sealer was made by incorporating zinc oxide powder into $0.5m{\ell}$ of eugenol and then the $0.5m{\ell}$ of mixture slurry was placed between two flat glass plates. The consistency was determined by measuring the degree of spread of the slurry at loading the 120gm of weight from the top plate. The sealer was prepared according to P/L ratio corresponding to the acquired consistency of 65.45mm, 46.80mm, 28.95mm and 22.60mm. The distal roots were obtained by cutting off from 125 extracted human lower molars and the root canals were prepared by using step-back method. The prepared canals were coated with the sealers on their walls and obturated by using the injection-thermoplasticized low-temperature ($70^{\circ}C$) gutta-percha method. All specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye solution for 48 hours at $37^{\circ}C$. Calipers was used to measured the dye penetration into the root canals from apical constrictions. The results were as follows : The canals obturated without sealer showed significantly more leakage than the canals obturated with sealer. Within the consistency from 65.45mm to 22.60mm, the sealer of 65.45mm appeared significantly better than that of 28.95mm and 22.60mm in the canals obturated by injection-thermoplasticized gutta-percha method, and better than that of 46.80mm without statistical significance.

여수광양항의 물동량 예측과 대응에 관한 연구

이영호,고용기,나정호,Young-ho Lee,Yong-Ki Koh,Jung-ho Na 한국국제상학회 2015 國際商學 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구에서는 항만운영의 주요 이슈를 반영하여 여수광양항의 물동량을 예측하였다. 연 구목적은 여수광양항의 물동량을 예측하여 향후 경영전략을 수립하는데 근거 자료를 제시하 는 데 있다. 여수광양항의 수출입 화물 처리현황을 분석하고 잠재적인 북극항로의 수요를 파악하기 위하여 기종점 분석을 실시하였고, 선행문헌을 참고하여 변수를 설정하고 인과지 도를 구성하여 시뮬레이션을 통하여 물동량을 예측하였다. 분석결과 여수광양항의 물동량 예측과 대응방안을 다음과 같이 제시할 수 있다. 첫째, 중 장기적인 관점에서 여수광양항의 물동량은 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 둘째, 대형 화주들이 입주한 특성을 감안하여 화주와 선사의 요구사항을 적절히 반영해야 한다. 셋째, 여수광양항의 특색에 맞는 운영전략이 필요하다. 넷째, 중국 지역에 대한 고도화된 마케팅 전략이 요구된다. 다섯째, 북극항로 개발 이슈에 대한 적극적 대응이 필요하다. Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to present the results of cargo volume prediction to help in establishing the future business strategies for Yeosu Gwangyang port. Research design, data, methodology : In line with this purpose, O/D analysis was undertaken examining the port’s import and export cargo and the potential needs of the Northern Sea Route. A causal loop was made and the variables were set using the System Dynamics method. Data analysis simulation and scenario prediction were also deployed. Results and Conclusions : The research findings can be summarized as follows. Firstly, Yeosu Gwangyang port’s volume is expected to continue to increase. Secondly, Yeosu Gwangyang Port Authority needs to work with their customers who are both shippers and shipping companies. Thirdly, the operational strategies selected should fit with the port’s traffic characteristics. Fourthly, sophisticated marketing strategies are required to access the Chinese market. Lastly, Yeosu Gwangyang Port Authority needs to pro-actively provide a Northern Sea Route service.

하악골 실험병소에 관한 방사선학적 연구

이영호,안형규,Lee Young-Ho,Ahn Hyung-Kyu 대한영상치의학회 1987 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was three-fold: to reexamine whether periapical and central lesions can be detected on the radiograph when they are in the cancellous bone, to investigate regianal differences in radiograph visualization of the lesion, and to. compare the interpretation of radiagraphs by densitometric analysis with the visual interpretation af the same radiographs. Forty-nine apical lesions and eighty-two central lesions were made in 8 mandibles and radiographed serially while being enlarged and deepened. All radiagraphs were evaluated by three dental radiologists. Each lesion was scored of 3 to 0, based on the radiographic appearances. Special radiographs of 15 apical and central lesions were analysed by densitometer and the results were compared with the scores which were previously assigned by three examiners. From this study the following conclusians could be drawn; 1. Experimental lesions confined to cancellous bone were detected an the radiagraphs in 41.3% of the cases. 2. Visualization of periapical lesions in cancellous bone was more apparent than that of central lesions in cancellous bone. 3. Visualization of the periapical lesions confined to. cancellous bane was highest in molar teeth, and detection of the central lesions in alveolar portion was easier than those in lower portion of mandibular body area. 4. It was possible to detect the experimental lesions without cortical plate involvement in 78.6% of the all lesions. 5. Densitometric analysis of radiographs could reproducibly distinguish bone changes, especially of central lesions in cancellous bone.

비외상성 피질하 뇌혈관 질환 환자에서 인지기능, 정신행동 증상 및 일상 생활 기능간의 상관에 대한 연구

이영호,박영수,최홍,최영희,고대관,정영조,박병관,김수지,정숙희,고병희,송일병,박건우,이대희,Lee, Young-Ho,Park, Young-Soo,Choi, Hong,Choi, Young-Hee,Ko, Dae-Kwan,Chung, Young-Cho,Park, Byoung-Kwan,Kim, Soo-Ji,Chung, Suk-Hai,Ko, Byoung-Hee,So 한국정신신체의학회 1996 정신신체의학 Vol.4 No.2

Objective : This study was tried to investigate the specific relationships among cognitve function, neurbehavioral symptoms, and daily living functions, as well as provide the guidline of more proper clinical approches for patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease. Objects and Methods Subjects were 85 patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by brain CT or MRI and controls were 195 normal persons matched by educational level with the subjects. The cognitive functions were evaluated by BNA(Benton neuropsychiatric assessment), subjective neurobehavioral symptoms by SCL-90-R(Sympton Check List-90-Revised), objective neurobehavioral symptoms by NRS(Neurobehavioral Rating Scale), and daily living function symptoms by NRS(Neurobehavioral Rating Scale), and daily living function by GERRI(Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument) and IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale). Results: 1) Subjects showed significantly lower cognitive functions than controls in all tests of BNA except Lt-Rt Orientation Test(p=0.09) and facial Recognition Test(p=0.186). 2) In subjective neurobehavioral symptoms, subjects showed significantly lower scores in all symptoms except anxiety(p=0.059), hostility(p=0.159), and phobic anxiety(p=0.849). But in objects neurobehavioral symptoms, subjects showed significantly higher in scores in psychoticism (p=0.000) and neuroticism(p=0.025) of NRS. 3) The score of social functioning of GERRI(p=0.000) and that of IADL(p=0.000) were significantly higher in subjects than in controls. 4) for correlation between cognitive and daily living functions, there were significant correlations between the scores of all items on BNA and the score of cognitive or social function of GERRI and the socre of MDL in corntrols, whereas in subjects, there were significant correlations only between the scores of BNA and the score of IADL. 5) for correlation between neuroehavioral symptoms and daily living functions, there were significant correlatons between the socre of subjective neurobehavioral symptoms and the scores of all subscales of GERRI and the score of MDL in controls. On the contrary, in subjects, there were significant correlations between the score of social function of GERRI and the score of objective neurobehavioral symptoms such as psychoticism, agitiation-hostility, and decrease d motivation-emotional withdrawl. Conclusion : Above results suggest that disturbances in specific function of brain may play a role as a predictor of impairments with specific daily living functions and also suggest that specific correlations among various functions may be useful as clinical parameters for setting of the treatment goal and for assessing the ongoing process in the treatment and rehavilitation of the patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease.

간이 신경 인지기능 국재화 검사의 개발 I : 고안

이영호,정효경,허시영,고영택,박병관,Lee, Young-Ho,Jung, Hyo-Kyung,Hoe, Si-Young,Koh, Young-Taek,Park, Byung-Kwan 대한수면의학회 1999 수면·정신생리 Vol.6 No.2

Recently, with increasing the number of patients with head injury and cerebrovascular accident, there has been an increasing need for the useful assessment tools of brain dysfunction and it's localization. With the advances in the neuroscience since the mid-1970s, particularly in the areas of neuroanatomical tracing, neuroimaging, and improved behavioraltest design, it has been possible to develop a more precise understanding and localization of brain dysfunction. However, these equipments are not readily available in the private clinics and too expensive to use as a screening tool to all suspected patients with brain dysfunction. Although several screening tests such as Mini-Mental States Examination(MMSE) or Brief Cognitive Rating Scale(BCRS) are simple in use and useful for the brief assessment of brain dysfunction, these are also limited in using for localization of brain dysfunction because of their simplicity. With increasing need of the assessment tool which is able to localize the dysfunction more precisely in the clinical practice, we planned to develop the new assessment tool, the Bedside Neurocognitive Function Localization Test(BNLT) which is suitable for this purpose. The BNLT was designed to be utilized for localizing brain dysfunction effectively and readily in the clinical practice. We introduced the whole process of designing the BNLT in this manuscript.