톱밥이용 한우 분료처리에 관한 연구

강희설,홍성구,조원모,백봉현,박치호,이덕수,Kang, Hee-Seol,Hong, Seong-Koo,Cho, Won-Mo,Paek, Bong-Hyun,Park, Chi-Ho,Lee, Duk-Sou 한국축산환경학회 1995 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Litters such as sawdust and rice hulls are used to manage the waste excrements of Hanwoo(Korean Native Cattle). This experiment was conducted to investigate the adequate depth of bedding materials, and the effective substitutive rate of rice hulls and the recycled-dried sawdust mixed with cattle waste for sawdust from 1993 to 1994. The results were as follows; 1. The most adequate bedding depth of sawdust was 4cm and it was able to be utilized for 38 days. The cost of required sawdust was lower in order of 5, 15, 20 and 10cm in depth of bedding sawdust. 2. Rice hulls was able to be fully substituted for sawdust, but 50% substitution the most effective. 3. Recycled-dried sawdust mixed with cattle waste could be substituted less than 25% for sawdust.

저지방 고품질 돈육 생산을 위한 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 항체 개발

최창원,백경훈,최창본,오영균,홍성구,Choi, Chang-Weon,Baek, Kyung-Hoon,Choi, Chang-Bon,Oh, Young-Kyoon,Hong, Seong-Koo 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.1

The aim of the present study was to develop polyclonal antibodies to regional inedible adipocytes of pigs and investigate the effect of these antibodies on adipocytes in vitro. As antigens, abdominal and subcutaneous adipocyte PMPs from pigs were injected into sheep 3 times per 3 wk intervals for passive immunization, and non-immunized serum, antisera against abodominal (AAb) or subcutaneous adipocyte PMPs (SAb) were collected before and after the injections. Titers of the antisera obtained from sheep and their cross-reactivities with the heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, and spleen of pig were determined by ELISA. Isolation and culture of abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes from pigs were performed to analyze LDH concentration. At a 1:1,000 dilution, little antibody reactivity was observed for non-immunized serum whereas both AAb and SAb had relatively strong reactivity up to a dilution of 1:16,000. These findings may indicate that strong antibodies against adipocyte PMPs can be developed using an immunological approach. Extremely low reactivity of AAb and SAb was detected with the PMPs of the organs. Both antisera most strongly reacted with each adipocyte PMPs and showed statistically (p<0.05) higher cross-reactivities compared with the non-immunized serum. In conclusion, these results may indicate that the present polyclonal antibodies against regional inedible adipocyte PMPs are well developed and are safe against cross-reactivities with the organs of pigs. Further studies on the in vivo nutritional safety and fat reduction of these antibodies in pigs will be required fat-reduced high quality pork production.

Lactobacillus를 주성분으로 하는 생균제의 급여가 육계의 성장성적, 혈액성분 및 장내 유산균에 미치는 효과: 메타분석

최낙진,황인호,박철,김대철,백승우,문상호,조원모,홍성구,Choi, Nag-Jin,Hwang, In-Ho,Park, Chul,Kim, Dae-Cheol,Baek, Seoung-Woo,Moon, Sang-Ho,Cho, Won-Mo,Hong, Seong-Koo 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.4

Recently, the use of antibiotics to improve animal productivity in livestock industry was strictly restricted. For these reason, probiotics have been regarded as one of promising materials for an antibiotic alternative. In this study, we investigated how the probiotics influences on the performance of broiler chicken via meta-analysis. Eighteen researches from 1997 to 2010 were used for meta-analysis. The standard summary effects were calculated via fixed effect model and random effect model (Borenstein et al., 2009). Heterogeneity was calculated by using the Cochran's Q statistics (Kook et al., 2009) and publication bias was calculated via Egger's regression (Lee et al., 2011). In fixed model average daily gain, body weight serum protein content and cecal LAB showed positive effect significantly. Feed intake, feed/gain and serum cholesterol showed significant negative effect. In serum triglyceride, negative effect was found but significance was not shown. In random model, average daily gain body weight and cecal LAB showed positive effects with significance and feed/gain and serum cholesterol represented significant negative effects. Publication bias was found only in feed/gain.

한우 체지방 감소 쇠고기 생산을 위한 복강 및 피하지방 항체 개발

최창원,김유현,김성진,송만강,권응기,오영균,홍성구,최성호,백경훈,Choi, Chang-Weon,Kim, Yu-Hyun,Kim, Sang-Jin,Song, Man-Kang,Kwon, Eung-Gi,Oh, Young-Kyoon,Hong, Seong-Koo,Choi, Seong-Ho,Baek, Kyung-Hoon 한국축산식품학회 2008 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.28 No.5

This study aimed to develop polyclonal antibodies to regional inedible adipocytes of Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) and investigate cross-reactivity of the antibodies. Patterns in plasma membrane proteins (PMPs) from abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes of Hanwoo isolated by collagenase digestion were investigated using SDS-PAGE. As antigens, abdominal and subcutaneous adipocyte PMPs of Hanwoo were injected to sheep 3 times at 3 wk intervals for passive immunization, and non-immunized serum and antisera were collected before and after the injections. Titers of the antisera obtained from sheep and their cross-reactivities with heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, and spleen of Hanwoo were determined by ELISA. Isolation and culture of abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes of Hanwoo were performed for analysing LDH concentration. Based on the SDS-PAGE analysis, specific proteins of PMPs in abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes appeared despite rather similar patterns between both adipocytes. At the level of 1:1,000 dilution, little antibody reactivity appeared in non-immunized serum whereas the antisera had relatively strong reactivity up to the level of 1:128,000 and 1:64,000 dilution. These findings may indicate that strong antibodies against adipocyte PMPs can be developed using an immunological approach. Extremely low reactivities of abdominal and subcutaneous adipocyte antisera were detected with PMPs of the organs. Both antisera strongly reacted with each adipocyte PMPs and showed statistically (p<0.01) higher cross-reactivities compared with non-immunized serum. In conclusion, these results may indicate that the present polyclonal antibodies against regional inedible adipocyte PMPs are well developed and have safety in cross-reactivities with body organs. Further studies on in vivo cross-reactivity and fat reduction of the antibodies against abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes PMPs of Hanwoo should be required for inedible fat-reduced high quality beef production.

뽕잎과 잠분 추출물 급여가 육계의 생산성, 혈액 성상 및 맹장 내 미생물군에 미치는 영향

한상훈 ( Sang Hoon Han ),김동욱 ( Dong Wook Kim ),지상윤 ( Sang Yoon Ji ),홍성구 ( Seong Koo Hong ),김상호 ( Sang Ho Kim ),이희삼 ( Heui Sam Lee ) 한국잠사학회 2012 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.50 No.2

The object of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of mulberry leaves and silkworm excreta ethanol extracts on weight performances, blood characteristics, cecal microflorae of chickens. Two hundred forty male broiler chicks(Ross) were fed diets for five weeks containing 0.1%(MLA) and 1%(MLB) of mulberry leaves ethanol extracts, and 0.1%(SEA) and 1%(SEB) of silkworm excreta ethanol extracts. Weight performance did show no significant difference in all test groups which were fed with supplementation of mulberry leaves and silkworm excreta ethanol extracts. They showed better weight gain and feed conversion than the negative control group which was fed only with forage without antibiotics. ABTS(2`-azine-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) test was conducted to investigate free radical scavenging activity of blood in tested groups. ABTS scavenging activities of tested groups were higher than control groups in significant level, though there was no significant difference(P = 0.396). Specifically, MLB group showed the highest scavenging activity. Blood-level concentration of MDA, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was also decreased in tested groups and the lowest level was observed in SEA(P = 0.001). As storage time increased at 4oC, muscle-level MDA concentrations of all tested groups were generally increased and significant difference was obsereved between tested groups and controls in total increase of MDA concentration(P = 4.417 × 10-3). In cecal microflorae, SEA and SEB showed decreased total microbe population compared to NC(P = 6.462 × 10-5) and even to PC. Supplementation of mulberry leave and silkworm excreta ethanol extract did show a similar inhibition effect against Salmonella sp., furthermore, MLB did enhanced the growth of Lactobacillus sp.(P = 3.636 × 10-7). In summary, ethanol extract of silkworm excreta may be a potential alternative of antibiotics for chicks. In addition, both of ethanol extracts supplementation to broiler chicks would be very useful not only to improve antioxidant effect of blood but also to suppress lipid peroxidation without any loss of weight performance in poultry farming.

오징어 부산물의 급여가 한우암소 산육 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향

Sang Min Lee(이상민),Sun Sik Jang(장선식),Seok Dong Lee(이석동),Seong Koo Hong(홍성구),Sung Sill Lee(이성실),Jae Seok Woo(우제석) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 한우 암소의 산육 및 도체특성에 있어 오징어 부산물의 급여 효과를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 한우 16두(나이 7세, 체중484.1±63.6 ㎏)를 대조구 및 처리구(오징어 부산물 첨가), 등 2그룹(각각 8두)으로 완전임의 배치하였다. 사료급여는 두 그룹 모두 자유채식토록 하여 150일간 시험을 수행하였다. 일당증체량은 처리구가대조구 보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 시험기간 내 사료섭취량 및 사료요구율은 처리구가 대조구 보다 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 육량특성에 있어서, 등지방두께, 등심단면적 및 육량지수는 두 처리구간 비슷한 경향을 나타내었고, 도체중은 처리구가 363.4 ㎏ 대조구 353.1 ㎏으로 처리구간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 육질특성에서는 육색, 지방색, 조직감 및 성숙도는 두 그룹간 유의적 차이가 없었다. 그러나 근내지방도 및 육질 1등급 이상 출현율은 대조구 보다 처리구가 높았다. 그러므로 본 연구의 결과 오징어부산물의 급여는 한우 암소의 산육 및 도체특성을 향상시키는 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding squid by-products on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo cows. Sixteen Hanwoo cows, aged 7 years and weighing 484.1±63.6 ㎏, were randomly allocated to 2 feeding groups (8 animals per group): control and treatment (fed squid by-products). Both groups were fed ad libitum for 150d. Average daily gain was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). During the experimental period, DMI and feed conversion ratios were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). The results of yield traits, back fat thickness, rib eye area, and yield index were similar between the two groups. Carcass weights were 363.4 ㎏ and 353.1 ㎏ for treatment and control, respectively, but these differences were not statistically significant. Quality traits such as meat color, fat color, texture, and maturity were also not significantly different between the two groups. However, marbling score and rate of appearance of high quality grade (1??, 1?, and 1) were higher in the treatment group than in the control group. These results suggest that feeding squid by-products may improve the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo cows.

성장생물학 : 체지방 감소 다클론 후보 항체가 비거세돈의 체중, 분 소화율 및 혈액 대사물질에 미치는 영향

최창본 ( Chang bon Choi ),오영균 ( Young Kyoon Oh ),백경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Baek ),홍성구 ( Seong Koo Hong ),최창원 ( Chang Weon Choi ),조성백 ( Sung Back Cho ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2010 한국축산학회지 Vol.52 No.5

본 연구는 비거세돈 12두를 이용하여 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 감소 후보 항체를 생체 주사 처리 시 체중, 분 소화율 및 혈액 대사물질 등 영양생리대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. Choi 등(2010)에서 개발된 돼지 복강 및 피하지방 감소 후보 항체를 피하 주사하였을 때 주사 후 4주까지 평균 체중은 수치적 증가가 발생했으나(P>0.05), 전 기간에 걸쳐 수치적 증가를 보여 항체의 처리로 인한 영향보다는 돼지의 일반적인 성장에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 항제 주사 처리 시 건물, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조섬유의 분 소화율은 항체 주사 전, 후 및 시험구 간의 통계적 유의성이 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 조회분 소화율의 경우 항체 주사 후 2주째 control에서 감소를 및 4주째 NAb에서 증가를 보였으나(P< 0.05), AAb 및 SAb에서는 유의적 변화가 없었다. 혈액 대사물질의 변화에서는 항체 주사 후 4주의 AAb 및 SAb에서 BUN 농도가 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 하지만, 후보 항체 주사 전에서도 유사한 패턴으로 유의적 증가를 보여 항체 처리에 의한 차이보다는 개체간의 차이로 사료된다. 혈액 내 glucose 및 TG 농도는 후보 항체 처리에 의한 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 체지방 함량과 밀접한 관계에 있는 혈액 내 TC 농도에서는 control 대비 후보 항체 주사 후 4주차 AAb 및 SAb에서 유의적 감소가 나타나(P<0.05), 체지방 감소가 일어나고 있음을 간접적으로 추론할 수 있다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 본 연구에서 이용된 AAb 및 SAb는 in vivo 영양생리대사에 부정적 영향을 미치지 않는 안전한 항체로 판단된다. Twelve pigs were used to investigate the effects of polyclonal antibody candidate against abdominal (AAb) and subcutaneous adipocyte membrane proteins (SAb) on body weight, fecaldigestibility and blood metabolites. When AAb and SAb developed by Choi et al. (2010) were injected to pigs, the numerical increase in BW (body weight) occurred at 4 weeks post-treatment, but BW for an entire period was also increased, indicating that the BW increase may not be affected by the antibodies injection. Antibodies treatment did not affect (P>0.05) fecal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber. Fecal digestibility of crude ash for control (no treatment) at 2 weeks decreased, and that for non-immunized serum treatmentgroup at 4 weeks post-treatment increased, respectively (P<0.05). However, fecal digestibility of crude ash for AAb and SAb groups did not significantly change. At 4 weeks after the antibodies treatment, blood urea N concentration for AAb and SAb groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). However, these increases may not be caused by the antibodies treatment because similar pattern in blood urea N concentration occurred before the antibodies treatment. Antibodies treatment did not affect concentration of plasma glucose and triglycerides (P<0.05). Compared with control, concentration of plasma total cholesterol for AAb and SAb groups at 4 weeks post-treatment was significantly (P<0.05) decreased. This may suggest that body fat reduction possibly occurs. In conclusion, the AAb and the SAb developed by Choi et al. (2010) may have safety in nutritional physiological metabolism in pigs. Further study on in vivo fat reduction of the antibodies against abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes of pigs should be required for fat-reduced pork production.

In situ 방법을 이용한 수확시기별 총체벼 사일리지의 한우 생체 사료가치 평가

최창원(Chang Weon Choi),정의수(Eui Soo Chung),홍성구(Seong Koo Hong),오영균(Young Kyoon Oh),김종근(Jong Geun Kim),이상철(Sang Cheol Lee) 한국초지조사료학회 2010 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구는 반추위 및 십이지장 cannula를 동시장착한 거세한우 3두 (평균체중 623±18.5 ㎏)를 공시하여 in situ 기법으로 수확시기별 총체벼 사일리지의 한우 생체 영양소 분해율 및 TDN을 분석하고자 실시하였다. 총체벼 사일리지의 조단백질 함량 (평균 4.81%)은 황숙기를 제외하고는 수확시기가 늦어질수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 총체벼 사일리지 건물의 반추위 시간대별 분해율은 유숙기에서 배양 후 12시간 이후부터 다른 수확시기에 비해서 다소 낮은 경향을 보였다. 반추위 단백질 a-fraction은 유숙기에서 호숙기에 비해 유의성있게 높았고 (p<0.05), b-fraction의 경우, 황숙기와 호숙기가 다른 수확시기의 총체벼 사일리지보다 통계적으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 반추위 EPD는 황숙기가 다른 수확시기에 비해 수치적 (호숙기 및 유숙기) 및 통계적 (완숙기)으로 높게 나타났다. 소화장관별 총체벼 사일리지 단백질 소화율에서는 전체적으로 수확시기별 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 한우 생체 사료가치 평가를 통한 총체벼 사일리지의 TDN은 황숙기가 다른 수확시기에 비해 통계적 (유숙기) 및 수치적 (호숙기 및 완숙기)으로 높게 나타났다. 현재 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 거세한우 생체 내 총체벼 사일리지는 황숙기에 수확 시 그 사료가치가 가장 높을 것으로 판단된다. 향후 보다 정확한 사료가치 평가를 위해서 in vivo 반추위발효 패턴 탐색 및 수확시 영양소 손실 최소화 등의 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Three Hanwoo steers (BW 623 ± 18.5 ㎏) with ruminal and duodenal cannulae were used to investigate nutrients degradability and total digestible nutrient (TDN) of whole crop rice silage (WRS) harvested at different mature stages using in situ technique. Crude protein content (mean 4.81%) decreased with progressed maturity at harvest except for WRS harvested at yellow stage. Ruminal dry matter degradability of WRS at milk stage tended to be slightly lower than that of the other stages during the entire incubation time from 12 h post-incubation. The rapidly degradable N (a-fraction) of WRS harvested at milk stage was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of WRS at dough stage whereas the slowly degradable N (b-fraction) of WRS harvested at yellow and dough stages were statistically (p<0.05) higher than those of the other WRS. Effective protein degradability (EPD) of WRS harvested at yellow stage was numerically (compared with dough and milk stages) and statistically (compared with mature stage) higher than EPD of the other WRS. Protein digestibility of WRS at different gastric tracts did not differ (p>0.05) between the harvest stages. TDN of WRS harvested at yellow stage in Hanwoo steers was statistically (compared with milk stage) and numerically (compared with dough and mature stages) higher than TDN of the other WRS. Overall, taking present feed evaluation into consideration, WRS harvested at yellow stage may be recommended for Hanwoo steers. Further studies on in vivo rumen fermentation pattern and minimizing nutrients loss during harvest should be required for accurate feed evaluation.

반추가축영양 : 한우 복강 및 피하지방 감소 다클론 항체가 반추위 발효패턴 및 혈액 대사물질에 미치는 영향

최창원 ( Chang Weon Choi ),백경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Baek ),김성진 ( Sung Jin Kim ),오영균 ( Young Kyoon Oh ),홍성구 ( Seong Koo Hong ),권응기 ( Eung Gi Kwon ),송만강 ( Man Kang Song ),최창본 ( Chang Bon Choi ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2009 한국축산학회지 Vol.51 No.3

반추가축영양 : 한우 당대검정 탈락축의 산육능력 및 육질 향상에 관한 연구

이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ),이창우 ( Chang Woo Lee ),박연수 ( Yeon Soo Park ),박병기 ( Byung Ki Park ),홍성구 ( Seong Koo Hong ),김형철 ( Hyeong Cheol Kim ),권응기 ( Eung Gi Kwon ),임석기 ( Seok Ki Kim ),전기준 ( Gi Jun Jeon ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2010 한국축산학회지 Vol.52 No.5

본 연구는 거세, 월령별 적정 사료 급여관리 및 아미노산 강화 반추위 보호지방산(ruminally protected amino acid-enriched fatty acid, RPAAFA)의 급여가 당대검정 탈락축의 산육능력 및 육질 향상에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해서 수행되었다. 당대검정 탈락축은 생후 14개월령에 거세를 실시하였다. 시험구 배치는 거세 한우 16두(15개월령, 평균 체중 412.9±24.9 kg)를 12개월 동안 RPAAFA를 급여하지 않는 대조구(control) 및 100g 급여하는 처리구(treatment)의 2처리로 완전임의 배치하였다. 거세한우는 생후 27월령에 도축하였다. 대조구에 비해 처리구의 일당증체량이 높은 경향을 보였으며, 사료요구율은 낮은 경향이었다. RPAAFA의 급여가 배최장근단면적, 등지방두께, 육색, 지방색, 조직감 및 성숙 도에 미치는 영향은 없었다. 육량 A등급 및 육질 l등급 이상의 고급육 출현률은 대조구에 비해 처리구에서 높은 경향이었다. 배최장근의 수분, 지방, 단백질 및 회분 함량은 처리간 유사한 수준이었다. RPAAFA의 급여가 배최장근의 보수력, 산화환원전위, 총육색소 및 지방산 함량에 미치는 영향은 없었다. 따라서 거세, 적정 사료급여 관리 및 RPAAFA의 급여는 당대검정 탈락축의 산육능력 및 육질등급 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to investigate the growth performance and meat quality improvement according to castration, optimal feeding management and ruminally protected amino acid-enriched fatty acid (RPAAFA) for the unselected Hanwoo bulls in the performance test. Bulls were castrated at approximately 14 months of age. Sixteen Hanwoo steers, 15 months of age and weighing 412.9±24.9 kg, were distributed into 2 groups. Steers were fed a basal diet supplemented with RPAAFA at 0 g (control) or 100 g (treatment), respectively for 12 months. Steers were slaughtered at 27 months of age. Average daily gain for treatment tended to be higher (p=0.10) than that of control, whereas feed conversion ratio tended to be lower (p=0.07) in treatment than in control. The supplementation of RPAAFA did not affect rib eye area, back fat thickness, meat color, fat color, texture and maturity. The appearance rates of yield `A` grade and high quality grade (1++, 1+ and 1) were higher in treatment than in control. The content of moisture, fat, protein and ash in longissimus muscles were similar between control and treatment. The supplementation of RPAAFA did not affect water-holding capacity, oxidation and reduction potential, myoglobin and fatty acid contents in longissimus muscles. Thus, present results indicate that castration, optimal feeding management and RPAAFA may be recommended for improving growth performance and quality grade of the unselected Hanwoo bulls in the performance test.