한비자의 법술사상과 책임정치: 관료제론을 중심으로

한승연 ( Seung Yeon Han ) 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2018 정부학연구 Vol.24 No.1

전국시대의 한비(韓非)는 부국강병을 위해 군주가 신하를 확고하게 제어할 수 있는 법술론(法術論)을 주장하였다. 술(術)이란 일반적으로 통치술 내지 술책을 의미하며, 그 구체적인 내용은 권모술수를 비롯하여 통계적 방법, 정책, 기술, 신상필벌·형명참동(形名參同)과 같은 인사행정, 객관적 필연 등 다양한 의미를 내포한다. 한비는 상앙(商?)의 법과 신불해(申不害)의 술을 비판적으로 융합하여, 술을 인사고과와 문서주의 행정 등과 같은 행정절차로 발전시키게 된다. ≪한비자≫ 술론의 핵심인 형명참동은 관료제 내의 계층적 권위와 실적제 인사행정의 원리를 확립하고, 나아가 그것을 관리와 백성의 관계에서도 관철함으로써 군주-관리-백성이라는 계층적 질서의 확립에 초점을 맞추고 있지만, 아직 행정절차나 인사행정, 인사고과 등을 제도화하는 데까지는 나아가지 못했다. ≪한비자≫ 가 남긴 군주 한 사람을 위한 관료제론은 유토피아가 아니라 백성에게는 거의 악몽에 가까운 억압장치였다. 업무처리에서도 지나치게 관리의 실적과 결과를 중시하고, 특정한 정책의 동기나 과정을 무시함으로써 관료제 내에 목적달성을 위해서라면 수단과 방법을 가리지 않는 냉혹함을 조성하게 되었다. Han Fei of the Warring States era insisted on a law-technique thought that the monarch could firmly control officials for national prosperity and military power. Shu, “technique”, refers to administrative techniques or tactics. It specifically includes various meanings such as intrigues, statistical method, policies, techniques, personnel administration such as dispensation of justice both to services and crimes or consistency of Xing and Ming, and objective inevitability. Han Fei critically combined Shang Yang’s law and Shen Pu-Hai’s technique, after which he tried to develop the technique into administrative procedures such as performance appraisal and documentary administration. The consistency of Xing and Ming as the core of his theory was focused on, establishing hierarchical authority and performance in the bureaucracy. He further found a hierarchical order of monarch-official-people by realizing it in the relationship of officials and people. However, it has not yet progressed to institutionalize administrative procedures, personnel administration, or performance appraisal. The bureaucracy for a monarch left by Han Fei-Tzu was not a utopia, but a nightmare suppressor for the people. It has created cold-bloodedness in the bureaucracy regardless of means or methods to achieve its purpose by over-emphasizing official’s performance and outcomes while ignoring the motivation or process of a particular policy.

콜라보레이션을 통한 공연예술의 다양성에 관한 연구

한승연 ( Han Seung-yeon ) 한국무용예술학회 2014 무용예술학연구 Vol.46 No.1

This study is a research on the diversity of performing arts, which intends to suggest collaboration of various genres to tell the value of dance and the beauty of fusion to the public effectively. Also it intends to comprehend the situation where performing arts are placed today when Korean emotion and culture are globally acknowledged and search diverse ways to approach closely to the public. Collaboration means co-operation, which is used as the terms, e.g. cooperation, partnership, collaboration, etc. Collaboration has been used mainly in fashion and enterprises, largely classed as 3 parts. This study analyzed each case of 3 types of collaboration between artist and brand, star and brand, brand and brand. Instances of collaboration in performing arts are the collaboration between fashion designer Jung, goo-ho and the National Ballet Company, the collaboration between Moohandojeon and sports dance, the collaboration between Poppin Hyun-joon and Park, ae-ri, Mumuta, Dance performance, and the collaboration with modern dancer regarding Baek, ji-young’s music video 「Sarang-i olkayo」. As the above instances, more attempts and efforts are required for performing arts to form various performing culture through collaboration and get settled to deliver inspiration and healing to the public. While having more time to enjoy leisure and culture, the public wants highclass healing in the culture. They require genuine rest in this heartless and hard reality. In present time when quality of life is considered highly, performing culture rouses more attraction and interest in the public and its scope is more widened as a place for communication. The researcher expects that collaboration, which is a suggestion to comprehend the stream of time and promote new change of art performance gets settled as evolutive performing art culture by bringing about positive effect in performing culture.

콜로이달 실리카의 고형분량이 콘크리트의 마모저항성에 미치는 영향

한승연(Han, Seung Yeon),윤경구(Yun, Kyong Ku),박경태(Park, Gyung Tae),이겨레(Lee, Kyeo Re) 한국콘크리트학회 2017 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.29 No.2

여성안심주택을 통한 주거환경 안심의 의미 분석

한승연(Han, Seung-Yeon),강미선(Kang, Miseon) 대한건축학회 2018 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.38 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine what residential environment can be safe to young woman single household through the analysis of Anshim housing in Cheonwang-dong, Seoul. In this study, Housing specialized in safety for single household means that housing and its surroundings have safe environment to live and also include emotional safe, ‘relief’. By analyzing cases of using the word ‘relief’ such as safe community housing for single woman household in sinnae-dong, why to use the word and how to achieve the purpose can be found. As a result, the meaning of ‘Anshim’ compared to the indexes have been used in housings specialized in crime prevention or in affordable housings.

기 배합된 콘크리트에 기포와 실리카퓸을 현장혼입한 숏크리트 경관옹벽 시공방법 개발

한승연(Han, Seung Yeon),윤경구(Yun, Kyong Ku),한규영(Han, Kyu Yong),박명호(Park, Myoung Ho),조진욱(Cho, Jin Ok) 한국콘크리트학회 2014 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

연구논문 : 정부혁신의 이념과 정책간의 연계: 박정희정부를 중심으로

한승연 ( Seung Yeon Han ) 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2007 정부학연구 Vol.13 No.1

광물성 혼화재료의 종류 및 혼입율에 따른 숏크리트의 역학적 특성 및 염해 저항성

한승연(Han, Seung-Yeon),윤경구(Lee, Bong-Hak),남궁경(Nam-Gung, Kyeong),이겨레(Lee, Kyeo-Re),엄영도(Eum, Young-Do) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.7

본 논문에서는 숏크리트 구조물의 염해 내구성을 개선하고자 광물성 혼화재의 종류 및 혼입량에 따라 유럽의 시험 규준인 NT BUILD 492에 준하여 염해 저항성을 평가하였다. 또한 정적강도 및 염소이온 침투저항성 등의 역학적 특성을 함께 평가하였다. 부순 골재를 사용하여 굵은 골재 최대치수 10mm의 숏크리트용 혼합쇄석 골재를 제작하였다. 재령 28일 압축강도를 기준으로 실리카퓸 15% 혼입 변수가 67.55MPa로 가장 높은 강도를 나타냈으며, 플라이애시와 고로슬래그는 혼 입률이 증가할수록 강도가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 염소이온 침투저항성 시험에서는 기본 배합에서 “높음” 등급으로 나타 났으며, 혼화재료의 경우 플라이애시를 제외하고 모든 변수에서 침투저항성이 매우 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 촉진 염화물 확산 침투시험으로 KCL, ACI, FIB 기준에 대한 내구수명을 평가하였다. 시험결과 실리카퓸 15%를 혼입한 변수에서 가장 낮은 확산계수를 얻었다, KCI 기준으로 약 65년의 내구수명을 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, FIB 기준으로 131년의 내구수명을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. KCI, ACI, FIB 기준 중 모든 변수에서 KCI 기준의 내구수명이 가장 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. In this study to improve the chloride durability of the shotcrete structure depending on types and contents of mineral admixture chloride resistance was evaluated by NT BUILD 492 of european test standards. It was also evaluated with the mechanical properties such as static strength and chloride penetration resistance. For shotcrete mixed crushed stone aggregate of the maximum size 10mm of coarse aggregates was produced. Based on 28days compression strength the variable mixed with 15% silica fume showed the highest strength in 67.55MPa. As the content of fly ash and blast furnace slag increased, the strength lowered. In the chloride penetration resistance test, OPC showed "high grade" and In the case of admixture, the penetration resistance tended to increase in all variables except the fly ash. In order to evaluate the service life, the accelerated chloride penetration test was conducted by the standards of KCL, ACI, FIB. Test results were obtained with the lowest spreading factor in a variable mixed with silica fume of 15%. At the KCI standards, It was found to have a service life of about 65 years and at the FIB standards, It was found to have a service life of 131 years. Among standards, the service life of KCI standard in all of the variables was evaluated as the lowest.

조선 후기 民國 再造와 民개념의 변화

한승연(Han, Seung Yeon) 한국정치학회 2012 한국정치학회보 Vol.46 No.5

民과 人의 합성어로서 백성을 지칭하는‘민인’이라는 개념은 정치사회의 변화와 함께 조선 전기와 후기에 그 의미에 큰 차이가 있었다. 조선 전기‘민인’은 전체 백성을 지칭함과 동시에 관인이 아닌 농공상에 종사하는 양민을 지칭하는 말로 사용됨에 따라 상하의 계층성이 내포되어 있었다. 그러나 양란 이후 국가재조 과정에서 君民一體를 지향하는 민국사상이 대두한다. 이에 영조는 민국이 백성의 고충을 덜어주는 것이 시급하다고 보고, 백성의 부담을 고르게 하는 과정에서 양반과 양민, 천민을 모두 자신의 동포로 끌어안음으로써 ‘민인’의 외연이 크게 확장된다. 나아가 구한말 서구 각국과 체결한 근대적인 조약문에서 국민의 대표어로‘민인’을 사용함으로써‘민인’은 모든 국민을 포괄하게 된다. 조선시대를 통해 자체적으로 성장하던‘민인’개념은 서구의 근대 국민 개념이 도입되면서‘인민’또는‘국민’으로 대체되고 만다. The concept“ Minin”is a compound word of“ Min”(民, a ruled) and“ In”(人, a ruler), which means people. The meaning of this concept has been evolved by several political and social changes during the whole Choson Dynasty. In the early Choson Dynasty “Minin”represents in general people such as farmers, manufacturers and merchants except for officials as well as all the subjects. It has some sort of hierarchical implication. However, in the later Choson Dynasty, its meaning had been modified. Especially after the Japanese Invasion of 1592-1598 and the Manchu war of 1636, a political thought “Minguk”(literally meaning people’s state) became dominant in emphasizing the unity of the ruler and people, so-called “Kynminilch”(君民一體) in the course of the state-rebuilding. At this point the denotation of“ Minin”was drastically extended to all the people including the gentry class, civilians, and slaves. Urgently King Yeungjo attempted to embrace them all as his compatriots for the purpose of lessening the burden and pain of his subjects. Furthermore, “Minin”meant representing all people or nation in regard to the modern treaties between Korea and the western countries during the last phase of the Choson Dynasty. Eventually the concept of “Minin”that grew for itself throughout the Choson Dynasty was replaced by the Western sense of “the people”or “nation”by importing the Western concept of“ nation.”

행정개혁기구의 성공 조건

한승연(HAN Seung Yeon) 한국정치학회 2015 한국정치학회보 Vol.49 No.1

통리기아문과 그 후속기구들이 개혁에 성공하려면 조선이 부국강병을 통해 근대국가를 수립하는 목적을 세우고, 새로운 국제정세에 대응하며 내정개혁을 할 수 있는 신구의 인재를 확보하고, 이들이 조정 안팎의 지지를 받으며 개혁을 추진할 수 있도록 조정의 중신들이 신구세력 간의 갈등을 조정해야 하였다. 그러나 구한말의 개혁기구들이 궁극적으로 지향하는 바가 근대국가의 수립이 아니라 오히려 체제유지였기 때문에 개혁의 범위는 제한적이었다. 또한 조직구조도 정책결정과 집행을 동시에 담당하는 의정부와 동급의 정치·행정기구 형태를 취함에 따라 기존의 의정부와 6조의 기능과 중첩되어 이들의 기능을 무력화시키는 결과를 초래하였다. 이들 기구의 개혁자는 민씨파와 종척이 절대 다수를 차지함에 따라 일부 개화파가 참여했지만 그들이 개혁을 주도할 수 있는 여건은 결코 아니었다. 이들 개혁기구와 환경의 관계를 보면 개혁기구 내의 수구파와 개화파는 도저히 양립할 수 없는 상태였고, 그 때문에 정변이 일어날 때마다 서로 상대편을 척살 또는 처형, 망명이 잇달았다. 게다가 청·일을 비롯해 서양 각국은 서로 자국에 유리한 조약을 체결하기 위해 내정간섭이 심했고, 이들이 추천한 외국인 고문들이 내외정을 농단하는 실정이었다. 그래서 통리기무아문과 그 후속기구들의 개혁은 성공하지 못했다. Tongni-Kimu-Amun and its successor organizations for their successful reform had had to try to establish a modern state through the Chos?n government had realized national prosperity and military power, they had selected old and young people who could reform internal affairs to respond to new international environments, and senior members of the court had mediated conflicts between old and new forces to allow reformers to promote their reform initiatives by receiving support from within and outside the court. However, the scope of reform was limited because the ultimate goal of reform organizations in the late Chos?n period did not establish a modern state but retained the old system. Therefore, these reform organizations limited functions of the state council and six ministries because of some overlap in these functions based on the structure of reform organizations that took the form of political and administrative institutions responsible for simultaneously pursuing policymaking and implementation. These institutions were equivalent to institutions of the state council. Because reformers in these organizations occupied an absolute majority by the Min(Yohung Min)faction, despite the involvement of some other reform factions, they never led these organizations. The relationship between these organizations and their environment were hardly incompatible, so conservatives and reform factions in these reform organizations deteriorated, and they assassinated or executed each other’s members or exiled them during each coup. In addition, the Qing Dynasty, Japan, and Western countries closely interfered in internal affairs of the Chos?n government to sign favorable treaties. Further, foreign advisors who were recommended by them monopolized domestic politics and foreign affairs of the Chos?n government, and as a result, no successful reform of Tongni-Kimu-Amun and its successor organizations was possible.

회음부 암성통증에 대한 외통이 신경절 블록과 상 하복 신경총 블록

한승연(Seung Yeon Han),윤덕미(Duck Mi Yoon) 대한통증학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.12 No.2

Intractable pain arising from disorders of the viscera and somatic structures within the pelvis and perineum often poses difficult problems for the pain pratitioner. The reason for this difficulty is that the region contains diverse anatomic structures with mixed somatic, visceral, and autonomic inner- vation affecting bladder and bowel control and sexual function. Clinically, sympathetic pain in the perineum has a distinctly vague, burning, and poorly localized quality and is frequently associated with the sensation of urgency. Although various approaches have been proposed for the management of intractable perineal pain, their efficacy and applications are limited. Historically, neurolytic blockade in this region has been focused mainly on somatic rather than sympathetic components. The efficacy of neurolytic ganglion impar block has been demonstrated in treating perineal pain without significant somatovisceral dysfunctions for patient with advanced cancer in 1990. The introduction of superior hypogastric plexus block in 1990 demonstrated its effectiveness in patients with cancer related pelvic pain. In our report, five patients had advanced cancer (rectal caner 3; cervix cancer 1; metastases to sacral portion of renal cell cancer 1). Localized perineal pain was present in all cases and was characterized as buming and urgent with 9-10/10 pain intensity. After neurolytic block of ganglion impar, patients experiened incomplete pain reduction (7-8/10), as determined by the VAS (visual analogue scale), and change in pain site. We then treated with superior hypogastric plexus block, which produced satisfactory pain relief (to less than 4/10), without complication.