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궤도차량의 실시간 동적 시뮬레이션을 위한 이산시간 능동현가장치 제어
한국남(kuk-nam Han),이상훈(Sang-hoon Lee),윤일중(II-joong Youn) 한국자동차공학회 2002 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2002 No.10
In this research, the discrete time control algorithm for the active suspension system of a tracked vehicle is utilized to analyse the relation between the simulation error and the length of sampling time. Simulation results obtained by discrete time algorithm are verified by those obtained by continuous time algorithm and compared to analyse the computation error caused by changing the length of sampling time. 1-2 msec is the maximum length of sampling time to tolerate computation error. Therefore the computation for one step in real time simulation should be completed within at least 1-2 msec.<br/>
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김영철 ( Yeong Cheol Kim ),최석호 ( Suk Ho Choi ),한국남 ( Kuk Nam Han ),이경학 ( Kyung Hak Lee ),이수언 ( Soo Eun Lee ),서길준 ( Gil Joon Suh ),윤여규 ( Yeo Kyou Yoon ) 대한외상학회 2011 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.24 No.2
Purpose: We analyzed the medical costs for severely traumatized patients according to the severity and medical performance so that we couldimprove the financial balance of the trauma center. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on patients visiting SNUH Trauma Center from May 2011 to August 2011. Among a total of 55 severely traumatized patients, 31 patients whose medical bills were available and categorized were included in this study. The injury severity score (ISS) was calculated from the abbreviated injury score (AIS), which was updated in 2008,for each patient to assess the severity of injury. Major trauma was defined as an ISS above 15. Results: The 31 patients in this study included 20 males and 11 females. The average ISS was 33.23±16.65 points. We categorize the patients into three groups according to ISS, 16-24: group 1, 25-40: group 2, and above 41: group 3. Total incomes, admission fees, surgery fees, and imaging test fees are shown in table 1. The costs seem to be higher costs in group 2, but this result has no statistical significance. Statistical significantly data are as follows: high radiologic test fees in group 1, short hospital stay in groups 1 and 2, and short ICU stay in group 1. The averagehospital stay was 17 days, and the average emergency intensive care unit (EICU) stay was 7.5 days. Although the EICU stay was only 44% of the total hospital stay, the income from the EICU covers 79.4% of the total hospital income. Conclusion: From this study, we found several items that show relatively high medical income from severely traumatized patients visiting the SNUH Trauma Center. Most of the medical fees arise in the early phase of acute medicine usually in the ICU. Efforts to identify the items with high income and to minimize expenses will improve the financial structure of the Trauma Center, which is facing a budget crisis.
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