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한경자 ( Kyoung Ja Han ) 고려대학교 일본학연구센터 2014 일본연구 Vol.22 No.-
本稿は, 江戶時代の劇作家, 近松門左衛門が, 淨瑠璃の中で, 劍にどのような意味を持たせ, 何を描き出そうとしたのか, また, どのように物語として展開させているのかを考察するものである。これらの作品が近松の晩年に集中していることから, 近松の晩年の作品の特徵である, 爲政者や政道のあり方を說いたり, 日本の起源についての關心などが, 劍の物語として, どう組み入まれているのかを考察した。劍の物語は近松の賴光物や所謂天皇劇に描かれているが, 從來の硏究においては注目されてこなかった。『平家物語』「劍卷」をはじめとする一連の『劍卷』物語が作られるなど, 劍への關心は中世から近世にかけて高まっていた。さらに, 近世になって高潮した武國觀もその背景にあるものと考えられる。賴光四天王物は, 古淨瑠璃である金平淨瑠璃の流れを組むが, 近松は, 正德期以降に集中して作品化している。その中で劍は, 源家重代の寶劍としてだけでなく, 日本を治める劍として, 意味付けるなどの變化が見られた。それは, 賴光に日本の爲政者を價託したものといえるのである。また, 近松の神代物や古代物において, 劍は三種の神器の一つとして, 國の安泰を保證するものとして描かれていた。そこには, 劍の威力が强調されていた。武威の强調は當時の神國意識, 武國意識など自國意識の高揚の雰圍氣の中, 自國優越主義と結び付きもしていた。ただ, それは外國に向けられただけではなく, 國內の世の安泰を導くものとしてのとらえ方であった。近松は, 世の泰平を保つための理想的な爲政者像や政道を「劍の物語」に價託したのであった。 This study examines what Chikamatsu Monzaemon, Japanese dramatist of the Edo period, tried to represent in his joruri, what he intended to depict with the motif of swords in joruri, and also how he unfolded the plots of his dramas in general· Considering that these works were produced mostly in the latter years of Chikamatsu`s life, this study examined how his interest in politics, society, and the origins of Japan, along with his thoughts on the attitudes of contemporary politicians and the course of politics are depicted in the “Tales of Swords·” The interest in swords increased from medieval to modern times, creating many tales such as the series of Tsuruginomaki tales, including “Tsuruginomaki” in the Heike Monogatari· Chikamatsu`s heightened view of a military nation in medieval times may also have influenced his adoption of “Tales of Swords” in his work· In his Raiko series (with Minamotono Yoritomo as the main character), Chikamatsu gave a new meaning to the sword, stating that it was not only a formal sword of honor that had been passed down for many generations in the Genji family, but also a sword that ruled over Japan· Thus, he is representing Yoritomo as a statesman of Japan· In Chikamatsu`s works where the setting is the age of the gods or ancient times, the power of swords is emphasized and swords are portrayed as guaranteeing the peace of the country· This emphasis on military prestige also led to an ethnocentrism within an atmosphere of heightened patriotism, boosted through the focus on Japan as a divine land and military nation· However, these representations did not really pertain to the relations between Japan and foreign countries but merely to the idea that leaders brought stability to their own country by the monopoly of legitimate force symbolized by their weapons Chikamatsu depicted an image of the ideal politician and the ideal course of politics in the “Tales of Swords·” An aspect of the dramaturgy of Chikamatsu`s later works can be found here·
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한경남 ( Han Kyoung-nam ) 한국독일언어문학회 2021 독일언어문학 Vol.- No.91
본 연구는 obwohl-V2-문장의 여러 가지 특성과 obwohl-V2-문장이 텍스트 담화에서 갖는 역할에 관한 것이다. 입말뿐 아니라 글말에서도 나타나는 obwohl-V2-문장은 obwohl-VL-문장과 다른 의미적, 통사적, 화용적 특징을 갖고 있으며 이러한 특징들은 obwohl-V2-문장이 담화 구조적으로도 obwohl-VL-문장과 다른 역할을 할 것이라고 추론된다. 계층적 구조를 가지는 담화에서 핵과 위성의 역할이나 종속과 병렬 관계는 문법적 주문장과 부문장에 항상 상응하는 것은 아니다. 본 연구에서는 obwohl-V2-문장이 일반적인 obwohl-VL-문장처럼 위성이나 종속 관계를 만드는 역할을 하는지 아니면 그 반대의 역할을 하는지 알아보았다. COSMAS II에서 obwohl-V2-문장이 나타나는 텍스트를 발췌하여 obwohl-V2-문장에 이어지는 내용이 obwohl-V2-문장과 obwohl-V2-문장의 선행문장, 즉 문법적 주문장 중 어느 문장에 이어지는지를 분석했다. 분석 결과 obwohl-V2-문장에 이어지는 담화의 내용은 대부분 obwohl-V2-문장의 문법적 주문장이 아닌 obwohl-V2-문장에 이어졌다. 따라서 obwohl-V2-문장은 일반적으로 선행문과 같은 핵의 역할을 수행하며 선행문과 병렬 관계를 만든다고 할 수 있다. 이 연구의 결과는 독어 교육에서 텍스트 담화 생성시 obwohl-V2-문장의 사용 방법으로 제시될 수 있을 것이다. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Eigenschaften von obwohl-V2-Sätzen diskutiert und in Bezug auf die Diskursstruktur wurden obwohl-V2-Sätze in der geschriebenen Sprache analysiert. obwohl-V2-Sätze haben nicht nur andere semantische, syntaktische und pragmatische Eigenschaften als obwohl-VL-Sätze: Sie relativieren die Gültigkeit des vorherigen Bezugssatzes. Sie sind syntaktisch relativ selbständig. Sie sind illokutionär selbständig und haben eine eigenständige illokutive Kraft. Diskursstrukturell spielen sie auch eine andere Rolle als obwohl-VL-Sätze. Während die Tatsachen oder Sachverhalte von obwohl-VL Sätzen allgemein als nebensächlich behandelt werden, haben obwohl-V2-Sätze das gleiche Gewicht wie das des vorherigen Bezugssatzes und nicht das Thema des Bezugssatzes, sondern das Thema des obwohl-V2-Satzes wird im darauffolgenden Diskurs weiter entfaltet. Das bestätigt das Ergebnis der Korpusanalyse. Demzufolge wird der darauffolgende Diskurs meist nicht mit dem Hauptsatz, sondern mit dem obwohl-V2-Satz inhaltlich verbunden. So lässt sich in der Regel sagen, dass obwohl-V2-Sätze in Bezug auf die Diskursstruktur eine Rolle als Nukleus spielen oder eine koordinierende Diskursrelation mit dem Hauptsatz bilden.
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한경자 ( Han Kyoung Ja ) 경희대학교 비교문화연구소 2011 비교문화연구 Vol.25 No.-
The academic world in Korea demands internationally competitive researches at the moment. However, there is a lack of understanding on research trends of Western countries. This research aims to understand how discussions on early modern Japanese plays are developed in Western countries such as America. Also, it aims to consider and compare the present situation of researches on earlymodern Japanese plays in Western countries, Japan and Korea. In Western countries, modern Japanese plays such as Kabuki and Joruri is accepted and enjoyed as universal plays of the world. It is not only because there is a background of enjoying plays such as Shakespeare`s but also researches and translations are accumulated continuously from the early 20th century. In the early 20th century, the main theme of researches was about Kabuki actors in Ukiyoe which was collected because of an interest in orientalism. After 1930s, Japanese arts and handcrafts were sent to art museums in America in order to promote Japanese culture. Also, many Japanese books were donated to university libraries in order to form institutes of Japanology. The war was started when the foundation of Japanology was about to be laid. Students who were interested in Japan were mobilized to the war as agents to understand Japan. After the war, those students started to do researches on Japan on a full scale. There were researchers such as Donald Keen who did researches on Kabuki and Joruri. In western countries, there are researches on patterns of behavior and thoughts of Japanese people, comparison with Shakespeare`s plays, dramaturgie, theatricalism as well as censorship of Kabuki during the war and mobilization of Kabuki to the war. It is necessary to understand where my researches are positioned in those research trends. It is also necessary to break away from overlapped and repeated researches of the same point of view and find out new research paradigms.
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