양격산화탕과 태음조위탕 추출물의 in vitro CYP450 효소 활성 억제 효과

하혜경,진성은,신현규,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Jin, Seong-Eun,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo 대한예방한의학회 2012 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Objective : Herb-drug interactions have become an important issue because of the consumption of herbal remedies has increased in the world. Yangguksanhaw-tang (Liang ge san huo-tang) and Taeumjowi-tang (Tai yin tiao wei-tang) are typical herbal formulas on Sasang constitution medicine (four-constitution medicine). This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of Yangguksanhaw-tang and Taeumjowi-tang on drug metabolizing enzymes, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isozymes. Methods : Vivid$^{(R)}$ CYP450 Screening Kits were used to measure of CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 activities. This method is based on the use of fluorescent CYP450 substrates that are efficiently metabolized by specific CYP450 isozymes to yield a product with altered fluorescent properties. The percent inhibitions of CYP450s by herbal formulas were calculated. Results : Yangguksanhaw-tang inhibited CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 activities higher than that other CYP450 isozymes. The $IC_{50}$ values of CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 were 159.83 ${\mu}g/mL$ and 261.40 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The CYP2E1 activity was inhibited ($IC_{50}=215.17{\mu}g/mL$) higher than that other CYP450 isozymes by Taeumjowi-tang. Conclusions : These results suggest that Yangguksanhaw-tang may inhibit the metabolism of co-administered drugs whose primary route of metabolism is via CYP2C19 or CYP2E1. Taeumjowi-tang could inhibit the metabolism of co-administered drugs, which are substrates for CYP2E1. Therefore, co-administration of the herbal formulas and other conventional drugs should be undertaken with care.

통시적 원형경관 해석을 통해 본 강진 백운동 원림의 복원 방향

하혜경,소현수,Ha, Hye-Kyung,So, Hyun-Su 한국조경학회 2017 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.45 No.3

본 연구는 백운동 원림의 승경을 읊은 연작시(連作詩)로서 이담로(李聃老, 1627~1701)의 "백운동 8영", 송익휘(宋翼輝, 1701~?)의 "백운동 10수", 정약용(丁若鏞, 1762~1836)의 "백운동 12경"과 이시헌(李時憲, 1803~1860)의 "백운동 14경"에서 시원적 원형경관과 시대적 원형경관의 구성요소들을 추출, 통합하여 백운동 원림의 통시적 원형경관을 해석하였다. 이를 복원된 현장과 비교 분석한 후 향후 복원의 방향을 제안하였으며, 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 백운동 원림의 통시적 원형경관은 옥판봉 아래 계곡에 별서를 만들고, 동백나무 숲길, 이담로의 '백운동' 바위글씨, 정약용이 붉은 글씨를 썼던 '창하벽', 폭포와 단풍나무숲, 오동나무가 어우러진 모습이었다. 별서 담장 밖에 홍매화숲, 소나무숲, 왕대나무숲이 있고, 옥판봉이 조망되는 정선대가 있었다. 별서 마당에는 취미선방, 죽각, 평상을 놓고, 연꽃이 심겨진 방지와 곡수거를 조성하였으며, 화계에 모란, 영산홍, 국화, 난초류, 수선화를 심고, 학을 키웠다. 둘째, 백운동 원림의 통시적 원형경관과 복원 현장을 비교한 결과, 백운동 계곡의 수원 확보, 죽각 복원과 '창하벽' 바위글씨의 각인 및 정선대에서 옥판봉을 조망할 수 있도록 수목 관리가 필요하다는 사실을 파악하였다. 더불어 홍매화, 소나무, 오동나무, 영산홍, 국화, 난초류, 수선화, 연꽃 등의 식재를 보강하여 다채로운 계절 경관을 제공하고, 효율적인 정보 전달을 위한 통합 안내시스템의 도입이 필요하다는 점을 제안하였다. In this study, the original scenery of Baegun-dong Garden in Gangjin was compared with that of the reconstructed site to suggest directions for restoration in the future. The diachronic prototype scenery of the Baegun-dong Garden was derived by integrating the elements of the original and contemporary prototype sceneries from the old poetry series. The old poetry series is comprised of "Baegun-dong 8Yeong(詠)" by Lee Damro(李聃老), "Baegun-dong 10Su(首)" by Song Ikhwi(宋翼輝), "Baegun-dong 12Gyeong (景)" by Jeong Yakyong(丁若鏞), and "Baegun-dong 14Gyeong" by Lee Siheon (李時憲). Guidance for directions for future restoration was suggested through a comparative analysis between the diachronic prototype scenery of Baegun-dong Garden and the current scenery of the restored site. The research result is as follows. First, the prototype scenery of Baegun-dong Garden was a harmonic view composed of the camellia forest road, 'Baegun-dong' the letter carved on a rock, a cliff 'Changhabyeok(蒼霞壁)' the red letter written by Jeong Yakyong, paulownia trees, waterfalls and a maple forest. Outside the Byeolseo(別墅), there were a red plum blossom forest, a pine forest, and a bamboo forest, as well as the view of Okpanbong(玉版峯) from Jeongseondae(停仙臺). In the yard, there were Chwimiseonbang(翠微禪房), Jug-gak(竹閣), Pyeongsang(榻), a lotus Bangji(方池), Gogsugeo(曲水渠) and Hwagye(花階). Cranes were even raised in the yard. Second, comparing the diachronic prototype scenery of Baegun-dong Garden with its restored site, following a restoration guide is suggested. There should be more water flow in Baegun-dong Valley and Jug-gak should be restored. 'Changhabyeok' the red letter should be carved on the stone wall. Trees should be controlled for a better view of Okpanbong from Jeongseondae. More trees and plants, such as red plum blossom, pine tree, paulownia trees, azaleas(映山紅), chrysanthemum, orchid, daffodil, and lotus should be planted in the yard. A system of integrated guide boards is also required for effective information transmission for visitors.

공원녹지계획에 있어서 시민참여정책의 변화 : 서울, 인천, 대구, 울산, 부산을 중심으로

하혜경(Ha, Hye-kyung) 경기연구원 2020 GRI 연구논총 Vol.22 No.4

산본신도시와 김포한강신도시의 공원·녹지체계 비교로 본 경관특성 고찰

하혜경 ( Ha Hye-kyung ),김한배 ( Kim Han-bae ) 한국경관학회 2016 한국경관학회지 Vol.8 No.1

우리나라는 1980년대 후반에 서울지역 외곽에 1기 신도시 5개를, 2000년대에는 제2기 신도시 12개가 건설되었거나, 현재 건설 중에 있다. 1기 신도시와 2기 신도시간의 개발방식 차이를 보이는데, 전자가 교통·동선계획 후 공원·녹지계획 방식이라면, 후자는 공원·녹지계획을 고려한 교통·동선계획 방식을 보인다. 본 연구는 신도시의 공원·녹지 계획의 차이가 도시의 경관특성에 어떻게 기여하는가를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로, 1기 산본신도시와 2기 김포한강신도시의 공원·녹지체계를 비교하여 경관특성을 고찰하였다. 신도시의 공원·녹지체계를 분석하고자 공원녹지에 관한 이론적 고찰을 근거로 '공원·녹지체계의 유형', '보행환경 유형', '오픈스페이스 유형' 3가지 분석항목이 도출되었다. 각 분석항목에 따라 산본신도시와 김포한강신도시의 공원·녹지체계의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째는, '공원·녹지체계 유형'으로는 산본신도시는 산본천을 복개하여 교통동선계획의 중심도로로 계획되어 하천경관자원이 활용되지 못한 한계를 지닌다. 수리산을 활용하여 근린공원 위주의 점적인 '분산형'으로 분포하여 연속적이지 못하고 단절적인 경향을 보인다. 그에 비해 김포한강신도시는 운유산, 가현산, 한강 등 자연경관자원을 적극적으로 활용하여 공원과 녹지가 '환상형'과 '원호형'을 보인다. 두 번째는, '보행환경 유형'으로 김포한강신도시는 보행공간 및 보행을 유도하는 공간(소로, 보행자전용도로, 광장)이 많아 보행 접근성과 보행 연계성이 뛰어나 선형적 공원·녹지체계를 지닌다고 볼 수 있다. 마지막으로 '오픈스페이스 유형'으로 김포한강신도시가 공원 종류가 다양하고, 미관광장이 곳곳에 분산 배치되어 있어 커뮤니티 공간이 많은 것으로 드러났다. 산본신도시는 공원, 녹지, 기타 지역으로 단순하게 세분되는 것에 비해 김포한강신도시는 공원 및 녹지뿐만 아니라, 기타 지역으로 분류되었던 유수지, 하천, 저수지 등이 다양하게 분포하였다. 기존의 자연경관자원을 활용한 오픈스페이스가 많아졌음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 1기 산본신도시와 2기 김포한강신도시의 공원·녹지체계 비교를 통해 기존 자연경관자원 활용 여부에 따른 신도시의 경관특성의 차이를 고찰하였다. 2기 김포한강신도시는 1기 산본신도시와는 달리 자연경관자원을 공원·녹지계획에 적극적으로 활용하였고, 도시 경관을 고려하여 연결된 공원·녹지체계로 계획관점이 변화되었음을 확인하였다. 보다 거시적인 경관계획으로서 신도시 공원·녹지계획의 방향성을 제시했다는 점이 본 연구가 지니는 의의라 하겠다. 앞으로 후속 연구를 통해 실제 거주민들이 생각하는 도시의 경관 이미지가 계획과 어떤 차이를 보이는지, 거주민이 실제 공원·녹지를 활용하는 행태분석을 바탕으로 신도시만의 특화된 선형적인 공원·녹지체계로서 도시 경관의 골격을 유지하는 방안으로 연구가 이어질 필요가 있다. In the late 1980s, 5 newtowns of stage 1 were constructed in the outskirt of Seoul and in 2000s, 12 newtowns of stage 2 were constructed or under construction. The method of development differs between the stage 1 newtowns and stage 2 newtown. The former took 'development first, and then planning' method and the latter took 'planning first, and then development' method. This research aims to compare the park and green system of Sanbon Newtown of Stage 1 and Kimpo Hangang Newtown of stage 2 and observe the townscape characteristics of each town. First, to analyze the park and green systems of newtowns, based on the theoretical study on parks and greens, 3 items of analysis, 'the type of park and green system', 'the type of pedestrian environment' and 'the type of open space', were deducted. 1. The 'park and green system type' is limited because Sanbon Newtown could not capitalize on the townscape resource of Sanboncheon since it was covered and planned as a central road in the traffic movement scheme. It is also not consecutive but disconnected because neighborhood parks were dispersed in 'disparate type' point system using Surisan. In contrary, Kimpo Hangang Newtown actively capitalized on townscape resources and the parks and greens were arranged in 'radial type' and 'circular type'. 2. In terms of 'pedestrian environment type', many pedestrian areas or areas which induce walking exist in Sanbon Newtown, so it can be seen to have a linear park and green system with high pedestrian accessibility and connectivity. 3. Regarding 'open space type', Gimpo Hangang Newtown was revealed to have many community spaces with various kinds of parks and disperse squares with fine views. Parks and greens in Sanbon Newtown are categorized simply as parks, greens, and other areas but Gimpo Hangang Newtown has a variety of other areas such as running ponds, streams, and reservoirs along with parks and greens, which means that open spaces using the existing townscape resources have increased. Follow-up research on how the perception of the citizens of newtowns on the park and green system and townscape images differ from the original scheme and measures to maintain the frame of townscape as a specialized park and green system for newtowns based on behavioral analysis on actual citizens using parks and greens is needed.

조선시대 진주의 대표경관 분포 특성

하혜경 ( Ha Hye-kyung ) 한국경관학회 2020 한국경관학회지 Vol.12 No.2

이 논문은 과거 대읍(大邑)이었던 역사도시를 대상으로 기록물에 나타난 대표경관의 분포를 분석하고 그 인식을 살펴봄으로써 쇠퇴도시의 원도심을 보존하고 활용하기 위한 단초들을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구대상지는 상주, 경주, 안동과 함께 경상도의 4대 대읍 중 하나인 조선시대 진주목이라 불리던 진주지역이다. 현대의 진주는 인근 사천시와 더불어 첨단 항공산업의 중심지이자 혁신도시 이전으로 새로운 행정도시로 성장 중이지만, 과거 진주는 경남의 대읍으로 특히 원도심은 진주의 경관정체성을 함축한 곳이라 할 수 있다. 연구방법으로는 조선시대 진주목을 묘사한 고지도, 구비문학, 팔경ㆍ10경ㆍ12경, 고문헌 등 당대 경관을 인식하여 기록으로 남긴 매체를 내용 분석하였다. 분석 결과 진주성내에는 촉석루, 북장대, 진주성 등 역사경관이 우세하며, 성 외부로는 주산(主山)으로 풍수지리상 진주목의 중심역할을 한 비봉산과 대사지, 선학산 등 자연경관이 우세하였다. 남강 남쪽지역은 진주목 읍치 권력에서 가장 멀리 떨어진 섭천이라 불리운 서민지역으로 망경산이 랜드마크(landmark) 역할을 하였다. 조선시대 진주목의 대표경관 중에서 자연경관, 역사경관, 생활경관 모두 포함하는 중심권역은 바로 남강이다. 의암, 대숲, 백사장을 포함하는 남강변은 남강의 북촌과 남촌을 연결해주는 기능을 하였다. 오늘날의 진주가 있기까지 가장 지속적인 대표경관 역할을 하면서 도시의 정체성을 유지한 장소로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 역사적 흐름에 따라 변화하고 있는 역사도시인 진주의 원도심 일대를 보존하고 활용하기 위한 단초들을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 진주 경관정체성의 형성에 이바지할 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다. This paper analyzed the distribution of representative landscapes that appeared in the records and citizen’s perceptions for jinju city, a small town that was a large city in the past. This aims to present clues for preserving and utilizing the original city center of a declining city. As a research method, existing literature data of jinjumok, which was the four major towns of Gyeongsang-do along with Sangju, Gyeongju, and Andong in Joseon Dynast. As a research method, the contents of the media left as records were analyzed by recognizing the contemporary landscapes, such as ancient maps, oral literature, eight gyeongs, 10 gyeongs, 12 gyeongs, and ancient literatures depicting pearl trees in the Joseon Dynasty. As a result of the analysis, historical landscapes such as Chokseokru, Bukjangdae, and Jinjuseong were dominant in Jinjuseong, while natural landscapes such as Bibongsan, Daesangji, and Seonhaksan, which played a central role as the main mountain in the Fengshui Geography, dominated. The southern part of the Namgang River is a popular area called Seopcheon, the farthest from the Eupchi power of Jinjumok, and Mt. Among the representative landscapes of Jinjumok during the Joseon Dynasty, the central area that includes all of the natural, historical and living landscapes is the Nam River. The banks of the Nam River, including Uiam, Daesup, and White Sand, served as a link between the Bukchon and Namchon of the Nam River. The results of this study are expected to be able to present clues for preserving and utilizing the original downtown area of Jinju, a historical city that is changing according to the historical flow, and is expected to be used as basic data to contribute to the formation of Jinju landscape identity.

종대황 추출물의 COX-2 활성 억제 효과

하혜경 ( Hye Kyung Ha ),이제현 ( Je Hyun Lee ),김정숙 ( Chung Sook Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2000 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.8 No.1

대표적인 태음인 처방의 면역 활성화 비교 연구

정다영,하혜경,이호영,이진아,이남헌,이준경,황대선,신현규,Jung, Da-Young,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Lee, Ho-Young,Lee, Jin-Ah,Lee, Nam-Hun,Lee, Jun-Kyoung,Huang, Dae-Sun,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.3

1. Objectives: Three herbal formulas (Yuldahanso-tang, Chungsimyonja-tang, and Taeeumjowi-tang) for Taeeumin were applied to investigate the immunological activities on antigen (Ag)-specific or Ag-non-specific immune responses in murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized mice. 2. Methods: This study was carried out in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells and cellular proliferation in mouse splenocytes according to three herbal formulas. C57BL/6 mice were immunized intraperitonially with OVA/aluminium ($100\;{\mu}g/200\;{\mu}g$/mouse) on day 1, 8, and 15. Three herbal formulas were administrated to mice orally for 3 weeks from day 1. On day 22, OVA-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation and antibodies (OVA-specific antibodies of the IgG, IgG1, and total IgM classes) in plasma were measured. 3. Results: Yuldahanso-tang and Chungsimyonja-tang increased NO synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells. Three herbal formulas significantly enhanced cellular proliferation by LPS and Con A in splenocytes from OVA-immunized mice (p<.001). Three herbal formulas for Taeeumin also significantly enhanced plasma OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, and total IgM levels compared with the OVA/Alum group. 4. Conclusion: These results suggested that three herbal formulas for Taeeumin could be used as stimulator of immune response.

사군자탕(四君子湯)의 항염증 효능 연구

이진아,하혜경,정다영,이호영,이남헌,이준경,서창섭,김정훈,이미영,신현규,Lee, Jin-Ah,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Jung, Da-Young,Lee, Ho-Young,Lee, Nam-Hun,Lee, Jun-Kyoung,Seo, Chang-Seob,Kim, Jung-Hoon,Lee, Mee-Young,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo 대한한의학방제학회 2010 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Objectives : To provide the information of efficacy for Sagunja-tang (Sijunzi-tang; SG), it was evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect. SG, a widely used herbal formula in tranditional Korean medicine, has been used to treat for the Boki-invigorating. In many studies, plant-derived anti-inflammatory efficacies have been investigated for their potential inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. This study was performed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of SG extract on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Methods : The productions of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)$E_2$, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ were examined in a macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells, in the presence of the SG extract. RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with LPS $1\;{\mu}g/mL$ and SG extract for 18 hours. The anti-inflammatory activity of SG was investigated by carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The paw volume was measured at 0, 2 and 4 hours following carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. Results : SG extract showed inhibitory effect on $PGE_2$, IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. But SG extract was not inhibitory effect on NO by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. And administration of SG extract (1 g/kg) showed a reduction in carrageenin-induced paw edema on rats. Conclusions : These results suggest that SG extract has anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo models.

소양인 양격산화탕의 면역 활성화 연구

정다영,하혜경,이호영,이진아,이남헌,이준경,황대선,신현규,Jung, Da-Young,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Lee, Ho-Young,Lee, Jin-Ah,Lee, Nam-Hun,Lee, Jun-Kyoung,Huang, Dae-Sun,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.4

1. Objectives Yanggyuksanhwa-tang for Soyangin was applied to investigate the immunological activities on antigen (Ag)-specific or Ag-non-specific immune responses on murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and ovalbumin/aluminium (OVA/Alum)-immunized mice. 2. Methods This study were carried out in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis on RAW 264.7 cells and cellular proliferation on mouse splenocytes. C57BL/6 mice were immunized intraperitonially with OVA/Alum (100 ${\mu}g$/200 ${\mu}g$) on day 1, 8, and 15. Yanggyuksanhwa-tang was administrated to mice orally for 3 weeks from day 1. On day 22, OVA-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation and antibodies (OVA-specific antibodies of the IgG, IgG1, and total IgM classes) in plasma were measured. 3. Results Yanggyuksanhwa-tang significantly enhanced cellular proliferation by LPS and Con A on splenocytes from OVA/Alum-immunized mice (p<.001). Yanggyuksanhwa-tang also significantly enhanced plasma OVA-specific IgG (p<.001), IgG1 (p<.001), and total IgM (p<.01) levels compared with the OVA/Alum group. 4. Conclusions These results suggested that Yanggyuksanhwa-tang for Soyangin could be used as immunopotent.

녹혈이 빈혈유발 Mouse에 미치는 영향

김상미,하혜경,홍순복,김정숙,Kim, Sang-Mi,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Hong, Soon-Bok,Kim, Chung-Sook 한국한의학연구원 2004 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow form all kinds of blood cells. In traditional medicine, functions of bone marrow cells are very similar to those of Essence(精) which is a fundamental factor of physical development and reproduction. Our experiment examined the effect of deer blood on aplastic anemia induced mouse using cyclophosphamide 150 mg/kg i.p injection before experiment and then another cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg i.p injection on day 10. Then we administrated dried deer blood in distilled water for 5 days, 9 days and 10 days. We examined blood and marrow samples. In results, deer blood showed a trend of effectiveness on recovery of red blood cells and erythropoietin although they were not statistical significant. And deer blood did not show changes in CD34.