제주지역에 도입된 편백의 가계별 생장특성과 유전력 구명

최형순 ( Hyung Soon Choi ),강영제 ( Young Je Kang ),김인식 ( In Sik Kim ),박영규 ( Young Kyu Park ),유근옥 ( Keun Ok Ryu ) 한국농림기상학회 2012 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.14 No.4

This research was performed to analyze growth performance and pattern of eighteen families of hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), which were imported in Jeju region. The growths of ``Yako-7``, ``Muei-1``, and ``Sangsong-9`` families were superior to other families whereas those of ``Sanguen-3``, ``Yago-6``, and ``Hyena-2`` families were poor. The height growth between age 9-year to 15-year was superior to those between other ages. No specific growth pattern was observed in the diameter at breast height (DBH) by ages. Family heritability of height, DBH, and volume were estimated at 0.68, 0.75, and 0.75, respectively. Pearson``s correlation analysis showed that there was little juvenile-mature correlation in the growth of C. obtusa.

우리나라에 도입된 스트로브잣나무의 산지-시험지간 상호작용

최형순 ( Hyung Soon Choi ),유근옥 ( Keun Ok Ryu ),현정오 ( Jung Oh Hyun ),김인식 ( In Sik Kim ),조도현 ( Do Hyun Cho ) 한국농림기상학회 2011 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.13 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate growth performance and provenance by site interaction in Pinus strobus (Eastern White Pine) provenance tests for selecting superior provenances in Korea. P. strobus was planted in 1972 at four test sites in Korea and the growth was analyzed at age 39. The growth of P. strobus was positively correlated with relative humidity and precipitation and negatively correlated with temperature of the test sites. The portion of interaction term of the total variation explained 2.5% in height and 24.6% in diameter of the total variation according to the regression analysis. The method of combined stability and performance index (CSPi) ranked the North Carolina provenance as the best provenance with good adaptability.

한라산 시로미(Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum)의 유전적 다양성 및 공간적 유전구조

최형순 ( Hyung Soon Choi ),홍경낙 ( Kyung Nak Hong ),정재민 ( Jae Min Chung ),강범용 ( Bum Yong Kang ),김원우 ( Won Woo Kim ) 한국산림과학회 2004 한국산림과학회지 Vol.93 No.3

Black crowberry(Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum) is a low and creeping evergreen shrub that generally reaches 10~20cm in height and occurs only in Mt. Halla in South Korea. This study was conducted to investigate black crowberry`s spatial distribution type and to estimate its genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure. The study plot was 2,400㎡ (60m × 80m) in size, and a total of 189 samples were observed in the plot. Aggregation index(R=0.828) revealed that spatial pattern of this population was aggregated. Even though black crowberry is a rare and regional species, Shannon`s diversity index(I=0.531) indicated that the level of genetic diversity was higher than those of plant species with similar ecological characteristics. Spatial autocorrelation analysis using Tanimoto distance showed that the genetic patch was founded within 10m. So as to find out the genetic relationship of clumps and genets, we compared ISSR genotypes of all individuals within the population. A total of 187 unique genotypes were observed from 189 individuals, and most of clumps seemed to be separate genets.

천연기념물 문섬의 담팔수 개체군 특성 및 관리방안

최병기 ( Choi Byoung-ki ),이호상 ( Lee Ho-sang ),서연옥 ( Seo Yeon-ok ),최형순 ( Choi Hyung-soon ),양주은 ( Yang Ju-eun ),송국만 ( Song Kuk-man ),송관필 ( Song Gwan Pil ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2021 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.39 No.1

문섬은 국내 최대 담팔수 자생지로 알려져 있는 섬이다. 최근 문섬에서 담팔수군락의 병해피해가 보고되었다. 본 연구는 담팔수 최대 자생지인 문섬지역에 대해 담팔수 개체군의 피해상황과 생육특성을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 담팔수 생존개체의 개체군특성을 파악함으로써 군락의 자생적 재생가능성에 대해 평가하고, 자생지 복원 방안을 논의하고자 하였다. 문섬에 분포하는 담팔수개체의 분포 현황을 파악하기 위하여 개체군 전수조사를 실시하였다. 현장조사는 개체의 GPS 위치정보와 함께 수고, 근원경, 흉고직경, 생육상태 등을 면밀히 기록하였다. 문섬에 분포하는 담팔수 개체의 생육상태와 각 개체들의 수고, 흉고직경, 근원경 특성을 분석하였다. 문섬에서 확인된 담팔수 총 개체군 수는 293본이었다. 2005년 문섬 육상생태 환경조사보고서에서 보고한 울창한 담팔수군락은 현재크게 훼손되거나 피해를 입은 상태로 확인되었다. 특히 숲의 수관구조를 이루는 수고 6m이상의 성목에서 피해는 더욱 심각하여성목의 80.6% 개체가 고사한 것으로 확인되었다. 근원경을 기준으로 숲의 건강성을 지표하는 장령목 생육특성에서도 75.4%가 고사하거나생육상태가 불량한 것으로 확인되었다. 문섬의 담팔수 자생지 복원을 위하여 병해충 방제, 성목 보존, 유령목의 적정 간격유지 및현지 외 이식 후 재도입 등의 보존노력이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Munseom (Island) is known as the largest native Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus in Korea. Recently, disease damage from the E. sylvestris var. ellipticus community has been reported in Munseom. This study was conducted to understand the damage situation and growth characteristics of the E. sylvestris var. ellipticus population in Munseom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous regeneration potential of the community by grasping the characteristics of the population of surviving E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals, and to discuss ways to restore native habitats. A total population survey was conducted to determine the distribution status of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals. The field survey carefully recorded the height of tree, DBH, DRH, and growing status, along with GPS location information of the individual. The growth status of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals distributed in Munseom and the characteristics of tree height, DBH, DRH of each individual were analyzed. The total number of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus populations identified in Munseom was 293. The dense E. sylvestris var. ellipticus community reported in 2005 has been identified as being greatly damaged or damaged. In particular, the damage was more serious in mature trees with a height of 6m or more forming the canopy layer in the forest, and it was confirmed that 80.6% of the mature trees died. In the growth characteristics of the old-growth tree, which is an indicator of the health of the forest based on DRH, 75.4% died or the growth condition was found to be poor. In order to restore the native habitat of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus in Munseom, conservation efforts such as pest control, preservation of mature trees, control of the territory of young trees, and reintroduction after ex-situ transplantation etc. are considered necessary.

한라산 구상나무 치수의 10년간 생장 변화

송국만,김재훈,최형순,Song, Kuk-Man,Kim, Jae Hoon,Choi, Hyung Soon 한국환경과학회 2020 한국환경과학회지 Vol.29 No.3

This study was conducted to monitor the growth and development of Abies koreana seedlings in the Hallasan Mountain. Accordingly, the obtained results indicate that the number of A. koreana seedlings increased by 2.6 and 4.8 times in the Yeongsil and Jindallaebat areas, respectively, over the 10-year period. Most of these seedlings were found to be growing on moss-covered rocks. The average tree height over the last 10 years was obtained as 20.4 cm in the Yeongsil area and 3.6 cm in Jindallaebat with growths of 4.1 cm and 1.4 cm, respectively over the last 2 years. Of all the mature trees that were surviving in 2009, 6 died in Yeongsil in 2014 (with an additional 4 in 2018) and 13 in Jindallaebat in 2016. Over the 10-year period, the diameter at breast height of the trees in Yeongsil and Jindallaebat has increased by an average of 0.6 cm and 4.2 cm. Similarly, an average of 6.8 cones was found in the Yeongsil area in 2014 and 26.3 in Jindallaebat in 2016. However, in 2018, no additional cones were found in the former, although an average of 1.4 cones was observed in the latter. With respect to the average temperature and relative humidity, no significant difference could be observed between two monitored areas from 2016 to 2018. However, in July 2017 and February 2018, the average temperature was higher in the Jindallaebat area, while relative humidity was higher in Yeongsil, there by possibly affecting cone growth and flowering between areas. These results indicate the survival and growth of A. koreana seedlings in the Hallasan Mountain is sensitive to the environments of each area. Hence, continuous monitoring of the environment changes and in-depth studies on the flowering and fruiting of A. koreana seedlings needs to be carried out in order to analyze the relationship between their survival rates and changes in weather conditions.

제주도에서 팔색조 번식지 특성에 따른 지렁이 밀도 비교 연구

김은미 ( Eun Mi Kim ),최형순 ( Hyung Soon Choi ),강창완 ( Chang Wan Kang ),민동원 ( Dong Won Min ),양은정 ( Eun Jung Yang ),오미래 ( Mi Rea Oh ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2014 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.17 No.5

Fairy Pittas use the forest around the valley and Gotjawal as breeding places. This survey was conducted to investigate the characteristic of earthworms, specifically its population density, bodysize around the breeding site in Gotjawal and the forest around the valley areas from the middle of July to the end of July 2013. A total of 405 individual earthworms were collected in the 100 small established quadrats, in which 315 were found in Gotjawal and 90 were found in the forest around the valley area. The density of earthworms in Gotjawal was significantly higher compared to that forest around the valley area. It was also observed that the body size of earthworms was significantly different between Gotjawal and the forest around the valley area. Proportion of number of individuals which are larger than 7cm in body size was 43%(n=135) in Gotjawal and 84%(n=76) in the forest around the valley area, respectively. Soil area was not important factor to the density of earthworms. We suggest that Gotjawal can be considered as a suitable breeding site for Fairy Pitta because of the richness of its primary food in this area.

참나무겨우살이(Taxillus yadoriki (Siebold) Danser) 기주식물 다양성 및 부착특성

최병기 ( Byoung-ki Choi ),양주은 ( Ju-eun Yang ),박민지 ( Min-ji Park ),이채빈 ( Chae-bin Lee ),서연옥 ( Yeon-ok Seo ),임은영 ( Eun-young Yim ),최형순 ( Hyung-soon Choi ) 한국환경생태학회 2021 한국환경생태학회 학술대회지 Vol.2021 No.1

겨우살이(Mistletoe)는 교목이나 관목의 가지에 기생하는 단항목에 속하는 현화식물로 우리나라는 단향과의 겨우살이 (Viscum album L. var. coloratum (Kom.) Ohwi), 붉은겨우살이(Viscum album for. rubroauranticum (Makino) Ohwi), 동백나무겨우살이(Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.) 등 3분류군과 꼬리겨우살이과의 꼬리겨우살이(Loranthus tanakae Franch. & Sav.)와 참나무겨우살이(Taxillus yadoriki (Siebold) Danser) 등 2분류군을 합하여 2과 4속 5분류군이 분포하고 있다(Kim et al., 2013). 겨우살이는 항암, 항염증, 항HIV 및 면역조절과 같은 다양한 기능성을 가지고 있다고 보고되고 있다(Mengoni et al., 2002; Ovesnaet al., 2004; Safayhi and Sailer, 1997; Weissenstein et al.,2011). 이 중 참나무겨우살이는 난대·아열대성 상록의 부착식물로 국내에서는 제주도 지역이 유일한 자생지로 알려져 있다(KBIS 2021). 동백나무를 포함해 상록성 수종에 부착하여 기생하는 식물로 알려져 있지만, 일부 연구에서는 보다 다양한 수종에까지 기생하는 것으로 알려진 바 있다(Choi et al. 2009, e-Flora 2020, Fukunaga et al. 1989, Lee et al. 2013). 참나무겨우살이는 기주식물의 다양성에 따라 성분의 차이를 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 성분분석과 관련한 연구에서 삼나무, 녹나무, 참식나무, 상수리나무 등의 수종 간 성분비교에서 참식나무에 기주한 참나무겨우살이가 가지 및 잎 추출물에서 항염증 및 항암활성이 높은 것으로 보고된 바 있다 (Park et al., 2018a; Park et al.,2018b). 그러나 최근 자생지에서 선행연구에서 보고된 종 이외의 다양한 기주식물에서 기생현상이 확인되어 참나무겨우살이의 한국 내 기주식물 다양성 및 기생특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 이러한 결과는 추후 기주식물에 따른 생리활성물질 및 난대·아열대산림의 지속적인 관리에 있어 기초적인 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 연구 대상지는 제주도 전역에 대하여 수행하였으며, 국가생물종지식정보시스템, 국립생물자원관, 난대·아열대산림연구소 등의 공공기관 표본수집 정보를 기반으로 하였다. 현장조사는 참나무겨우살이의 분포 위치정보와 함께 기주식물의 수종, 수고, 부착부위(3단계), 부착가지구분(3단계) 등을 면밀히 기록하였다. 연구 결과 참나무겨우살이의 기주식물 다양성은 23속 30종 1변종 3품종 등 39분류군(동정보류 5분류군 포함)으로 확인되었다. 참나무겨우살이 분포가 확인된 지역은 서귀포지역 저지대(해발 200m이하)에 제한되어 있었으며, 347그루에서 참나무겨우살이 기생을 확인하였다. 기주식물 중 자생종이 18분류군으로 전체의 52.9%를 차지하였으며, 외래종도 9분류군, 재배종 12분류군 등이 포함되어 있었다. 교목 및 아교목성이 82.4%로 대부분을 차지하였으나, 보리수나무, 까마귀쪽나무 5079>등의 관목성인 종에도 기생하였다. 나자식물은 삼나무와 은행나무 2분류군의 5.9%였으며, 상록 활엽수는 참식나무, 까마귀쪽나무, 후박나무 등 16분류군의 47.1%, 팽나무, 목련, 감나무 등 하록활엽수도 16분류군의 47.10%를 차지하였다. 부착특성은 수형 중 상부 89개체, 중부 255개체, 하부 20개체였으며, 가지부착은 주 줄기 46개체, 부 가지 225개체, 잔가지 104개체가 확인되었다. 특정 수종의 경우 참나무겨우살이 부착에 있어 배타성을 지니는 것으로 판단된다.

우산이끼 에탄올 추출물의 생리활성

임은영(Eun Young Yim),최형순(Hyung Soon Choi) 한국약용작물학회 2021 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.29 No.3

제주도 선흘곶자왈지역과 청수곶자왈지역 간 조류 출현 양상 비교

김은미 ( Eun Mi Kim ),최형순 ( Hyung Soon Choi ),강창완 ( Chang Wan Kang ),오미래 ( Mi Rea Oh ) 한국농림기상학회 2015 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.17 No.2

독특한 생태계를 가지고 있는 곶자왈지역을 보호하기 위해 동물의 서식처로서의 접근이 필요하다. 본 연구는 2013년 2월부터 2014년 12월까지 월 2회 조류조사를 실시하였고 제주도 서부에 위치한 한경-안덕곶 자왈지대에 속하는 제주특별자치도 제주시 한경면 청수리와 제주도 동부에 위치한 조천-함덕곶자왈지대에 속하는 제주시 조천읍 선흘리를 대상으로 하였다. 두곶자왈지역에서 총 66종 4,140개체가 관찰되었고 선흘곶자왈지역에서는 53종 1,907개체가, 청수곶자왈지역에서는 49종 2,233개체가 조사되었다. 두 곶자왈지 역간 종수는 통계적으로 차이가 없었으나, 개체수는 두 곶자왈지역간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 두 지역간 공통종은 36종으로 유사도 지수는 0.7이었다. 계절적 출현형으로 살펴보면, 두 곶자왈지역에서 텃새는 23종, 겨울철새는 15종, 나그네새는 16종, 여름철새는 11종, 길잃은새 2종이었고 선흘곶자왈지역과 청수곶자 왈지역은 비슷한 양상을 나타냈다. 천연기념물과 멸종위기야생생물을 포함한 법정보호종은 12종이었고 선흘곶자왈지역에서는 8종이, 청수곶자왈지역에서 10종이 관찰되었다. 관찰된 조류 중 습지를 직접 이용하거나 수분과 관련된 먹이자원을 이용하는 종은 선흘 곶자왈지역은 12종, 청수곶자왈지역에서는 6종이 기록되었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나지 않았다. 개체수에서는 선흘곶자왈지역에서 89개체가, 청수곶자왈지역에서는 30개체가 관련 종들이었으며 두 곳을 비교하였을 때 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 두 곶자왈지역간의 출현종 차이의 원인을 밝히기 위해 곶자왈 숲 내 형성된 습지 및 미세기후에 대한 연구가 필요하며 곶자왈지역 보전을 위한 방안 마련시 두 곶자왈 지역의 차이를 반영할 수 있어야 한다고 판단된다. Gotjawal areas have the unique ecosystem and we need to approach as the inhabit of animals to conserve Gotjawal. This study was conducted in Hangyeong-myeon Cheongsu-ri located in the western part of Jeju Island belonging to Hangyeong·Andeok Gotjawal Zone and Jocheon-eup Seonheul-ri located in the eastern part of Jeju Island belonging to Jocheon·Hamdeok Gotjawal Zone. Survey on advent of the birds was done twice a month from February 2013 to December 2014. A total of 66 species and 4,140 individuals in two Gotjawals were observed during the survey period. In Seonheul Gotjawal area, 53 species and 1,907 individuals were observed while it was 49 species and 2,233 individuals in Cheongsu Gotjawal area. The number of species between two Gotjawal areas was not significantly different, but the number of individuals between two Gotjawal areas was significantly different. Thirtysix species were found in both Gotjawal areas as common species and the index of similarity was 0.7. A total of 23 species were classified as the residents, 15 species as the winter visitors, 16 species as the passage migrants, 11 species as the summer visitors, and 2 species as the vagrant. Twelve species as legally protected birds including the natural monument and the endangered species were found and 8 species were found in Seonheul Gotjawal area while it was 10 species in Cheongsu Gotjawal area. Thespecies that directly using a wetland or food resources related to water were 12 in the Seonheul and 6 species were observed in the Cheongsu Gotjawal area, but there is no significant difference between two Gotjawal areas. However, the number of individuals in Seonheul Gotjawal area was significantly higher than in that of in Cheongsu Gotjawal area. We need to research the wetlands and micro climatic condition existing in Gotjawal forests to find the cause of difference of two areas and this difference must be considered as an important indicator for the protection of Gotjawal forests.

제주도 곶자왈 지역에서 서식 환경에 따른 조류 다양성 및 특징

김은미 ( Kim Eun-mi ),강창완 ( Kang Chang-wan ),최형순 ( Choi Hyung-soon ) 한국환경과학회 2019 한국환경과학회지 Vol.28 No.11

All of the animals and the plants in ecosystem are intimately connected to one another and the changes of forests and surroundings affect directly wild animals. This study was conducted at Hangyeong-myeon Cheongsu-ri located in the western part of Jeju Island belonging to Hangyeong·Andeok Gotjawal Zone and Jocheon-eup Seonheul-ri located in the eastern part of Jeju Island belonging to Jocheon·Hamdeok Gotjawal Zone. The survey on advent of birds was carried out twice a month from January 2014 to December 2015. We divided habitat environments into three survey sites such as a forest, a shrub forest and a farmland. A total of 65 species and 4,802 individuals were observed during the survey period. In a forest, 36 species and 1,287 individuals were observed while A shrub forest had 40 species and 1,554 individuals. And in a farmland, 41 species and 1,961 individuals were observed. The only 10 species were observed in forest and the only 7 species in shrub forest and the only 10 species in farmland. The species diversity and the evenness of a farmland were the highest, and the species richness was the highest in a shrub forest, and the dominance of a forest was the highest among the three areas. The similarity index between a shurb forest and a farmland was high while that between a forest and a farmland was low. The similarity index related with breeding appeared that a forest and a farmland was different from each other.