부산지역 가계대출과 서민금융기관 : 서민금융기관에 대한 기대와 과제

최진배(Choi Jin Bae) 한국지역사회학회 2007 지역사회연구 Vol.15 No.2

This study aims at analysing the role of the regional financial institutions in supplying credit to households in Pusan. The regional financial institutions which are consisted of mutual savings banks and credit cooperative institutions play very important roles in supplying loans to households which have vulnerable credit standings and are tightly constrained in their access to bank credit. But after the 1997 crisis many of them have lost their operational grounds. It implies that households with vulnerable credit scores can be financially constrained. To ease their financial constraints and to enhance the efficiency of regional financial market the regional financial institutions should play their roles more actively.

부산지역 제조기업과 비제조기업의 기업금융에 대한 의식과 함의

최진배 ( Jin Bae Choi ) 한국경제지리학회 2011 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.14 No.4

이 논문은 부산지역 기업을 제조업과 비제조업으로 구분한 후 이들이 기업금융에 대해 어떻게 의식하고 있으며 그것은 무엇을 함의하고 있는지를 설문조사결과에 기초하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 의하면 부산지역의 제조기업과 비제조기업은 은행과의 거래가 상이하다. 이는 각자의 영업기반이 상이한데서 기인한다. 비제조기업은 주된 영업기반이 부산지역에 있어 지방은행을 주거래은행으로 하면서 주거래은행에 대한 의존도가 높다. 이에 반해 제조기업은 영업망이 지역에 한정되어 있는 지방은행이 제공하는 금융서비스에 만족하지 못하면서 지방은행 이외의 은행과 밀접한 거래관계를 유지하고 있다. 이러한 분석결과는 지방은행으로 하여금 보다 폭넓게 지역기업의 정보생산기능과 감시기능을 발휘하도록 요구하는 것이다. 설문조사를 기초로 지방은행이 지역밀착경영을 강화해야 한다는 점을 논리적으로 밝힌 점은 이 논문의 중요한 기여의 하나이다. Based on the survey, this paper examines entrepreneurs` attitude toward corporate lending in Pusan region. The results show that the relationships of manufacturing firms with banks are different from those of non-manufacturing firms. These are mainly due to the differences in the operational grounds between them. The non-manufacturing firms have their operational ground in Pusan, thus they have local banks as their mainbanks and depend heavily on mainbanks` credits. However the business network of the local banks is not broad enough to satisfy the manufacturing firms financial service needs. Therefore, the manufacturing firms maintain close relationship with not only regional local banks but also other banks. The results of the study demand the local banks to produce information of the regional firms and to monitor them more widely and tightly. One of the information contributions of this paper is that it has succeeded in making clear the importance of relationship banking of the local banks.

지역경제의 금융제약과 지방은행 : 부산지역 지방은행에 대한 기대와 과제

최진배(Choi Jin-Bae) 한국지역사회학회 2006 지역사회연구 Vol.14 No.4

Recently financial intermediaries put stresses on the stability and profitability in supplying credits to borrowers. As a result increasing number of borrowers have difficulties in accessing to their credits. To ease their financial constraints regional financial intermediaries are required to play their roles more actively. But they are not only prepared to do so, but do not have competitive powers. This paper tackles such problems in the Busan financial markets and explains the tasks of the provincial anks.

협동조합은행의 변화와 한국 신협의 진로

최진배 ( Jin-bae Choi ) 한국협동조합학회 2016 韓國協同組合硏究 Vol.34 No.1

이 글은 유럽협동조합은행이 은행그룹으로 전환한 것이 협동조합으로서 차별성을 강화하는데 어떠한 의미를 가지는지 검토하고 한국신협의 진로를 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이 글은 유럽협동조합은행은 은행그룹으로의 전환함으로써 차별성을 제고하지 못하였을 뿐 아니라, 새로운 유형의사회적 금융기관의 탄생을 촉진하였다고 주장한다. 우리나라의 신협은 농협상호금융을 본받아 협동조합은행그룹으로 나아가려는 의지를 가지고 있는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 그러한 전환이 개별조합의 경쟁력을 강화시키는데 기여하지 못할 뿐 아니라 공신력을 제고하는 데에도 특별한 기여를 하지못할 것이다. 그러한 점에 비추어 볼 때 다른 금융기관과의 차별성을 강화하는 방향으로 나아가는것이 자신뿐 아니라 사회적으로도 바람직해 보인다. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the evolution of cooperative banks to cooperative banking groups in Europe has strengthened their identity and to suggest the future path Korean credit unions should take. This paper argues that the above evolution has failed to improve the banks’ identity as cooperatives and has opened the door to the emergence of a new kind of social bank. It seems that, following the lead of Korean agricultural cooperatives, Korean credit unions want to become a credit union financial group. But such a transformation is unlikely to contribute to improving their competitiveness and heightening public confidence. On that basis, it would be better for themselves and more desirable for society if credit unions could step forward and clarify what distinguishes them from other financial companies.

중소기업 금융의 과제 : 부산지역의 기업금융에 관한 기업의식조사를 중심으로

최진배(Choi Jin Bae) 한국지역사회학회 2011 지역사회연구 Vol.19 No.2

Based on the survey, this study examines Pusan region entrepreneurs’ attitudes toward corporate lending. Sample firms which are small and medium hesitate to invest their money as the industry structure changes, It is noticed that the hesitance is strong among the large and old firms. We can say that it is time for the financial institutions to try hard to revitalize the regional economy. However, financial institutions have not made the efforts to ease the financial constraints of the regional economy. The regional financial institutions, especially the local bank which plays an important role in supplying loans to the small and medium firms in the region, need to construct long-term and stable relationship with the regional firms. Relationship-banking can be utilized in the process of building up the relationship between the banks and the regional firms. As a matter of fact, local banks not only can contribute to the regional economy but also can strengthen their business ground relying on the relationship-banking.

기업규모와 재무 투명성이 주거래은행의 선택에 미치는 영향 -부산지역 기업을 중심으로-

최진배 ( Jin Bae Choi ) 한국지역개발학회 2004 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

This study analyses the effect of firm characters on the choice of main bank in Pusan based on the regional financial market theory and the relationship banking. These theories say that a provincial bank is superior to a national bank in lending to regional firms that are small and opaque. Total 7,261 regional firms in Pusan(of which 68 are public and KOSDAQ or the third market listed corporations, of which 583 are firms whose assets are above 7 billion won, and of which 6,610 are small and medium firms whose assets are below 7 billion won) are surveyed. The results are as follows: the share of regional firms that borrow from national banks decreases as their scale measured by the number of workers becomes smaller and their opaqueness increases. Such a tendency becomes clearer when we exclude Kookmin Bank and Small and Medium Bank from national banks. But Pusan Bank, the only provincial bank in Pusan, have relatively closer lending relationships with medium sized firms and with firms whose assets are above 7 billion won which are thought to be more lucid than those whose assets are below 7 billion won. These results do not support the presuppositions of this study. These results are closely related with the facts that Kookmin Bank and Small and Medium Bank have begun to devote themselves in financing regional small and medium firms earlier than Pusan Bank. This study is the first that have shown the firm-bank relationships in the regional financial market in Korea.

신협은 서민금융기관이어야 하는가?

최진배(Choi Jin Bae) 한국사회경제학회 2015 사회경제평론 Vol.28 No.2

한국 신협은 서민금융기관으로 인식되고 있으며, 스스로도 서민금융기관으로 역할을 수행하려고 노력하고 있다. 그러나 서민에 대한 신협의 금융공급은 오히려 위축되고 있으며, 앞으로도 서민금융공급은 활성화되지 않을것으로 예상되고 있다. 다른 한편 신협은 협동조합으로서의 정체성도 훼손되었다고 평가되고 있다. 이 논문은 이러한 문제점들을 검토하는데 목적이있는데, 이를 위해 영국에서 새로운 신협모델을 둘러싸고 전개된 논의를 검토하고, 탈상호화논의에 기초하여 새로운 모델이 함축하고 있는 의미를 살펴본다. 이어서 이러한 논의에 기초하여 한국신협의 현실을 분석한다. 마지막으로 협동조합 원칙의 하나인 지역사회에의 관여에 의거하여 신협이 정체성을 회복하기 위해 해야 할 과제를 제시한다. Credit unions in Korea are recognised as financial institutions of the poor, and they try to play roles as such. But the ratio of credits supplied to them to the total is shrinking year after year and it is not expected that credit supplies to them will be activated in near future. On the other hand it is said that the identity of Korea credit unions as cooperatives has been defamed. The purpose of this paper is to examine these problems. To do that this paper investigates the discussions over the adoption of a new credit union model, which was developed in the United Kingdom just after the revision of Credit Union Act in 1998. After that it inquires into the implications of the new model. Based on these researches it analyses the current situations of Korea credit unions. Lastly this paper proposes what Korea credit unions should do to restore their identity, bearing in mind the concerns for the community, one of the cooperative principles.

한국의 금융협동조합과 지역사회개발

최진배 ( Choi Jin Bae ),권오혁 ( Kwon Ohyeok ) 한국협동조합학회 2017 韓國協同組合硏究 Vol.35 No.1

우리나라에서 금융협동조합이 설립되기 시작한 것은 1960년대이다. 1972년 신용협동조합법이 제정되면서 이들 금융협동조합은 지역사회 개발 사업을 시작하였다. 그러나 이들이 현재 수행하고 있는 지역사회 개발 사업은 지역사회 관여라는 협동조합의 원칙과는 일정한 거리가 있다. 1995년 국제협동조합연맹이 이 원칙을 추가한 목적은 협동조합으로 하여금 지역사회개발에 적극 참여하고 그리고 자신의 정체성을 회복하도록 하는데 있었다. 그러나 우리나라 금융협동조합의 지역사회 개발 사업은 조합원 경제를 촉진하는데 한계가 있었으며, 지역공동체를 건설하거나 회복하는데도 크게 기여하지 못하고 있다. 한국의 금융협동조합은 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 그리고 특히 저소득 계층의 생활안정에 기여하고, 자신의 경쟁력과 공신력을 제고하기 위해서 지역사회 관여라는 협동조합 원칙에 보다 충실해야 할 것이다. In the 1960s, financial cooperatives in Korea began to pop up. After the enactment of the Credit Union Act in 1972, they became involved in community development, but motive for their involvement was not concerns for the community, which is one of the principles of cooperatives. When the International Co-operative Alliance added this principle, they thought it could help the cooperatives to become involved in community development and by doing so restore their damaged identities. However, the community development projects undertaken by the Korean financial cooperatives were far from promoting members` economy, and they did not contribute to building or recovering the community. The Korean financial cooperatives should follow the principle of concerns for the community faithfully. In doing so, they can help lowincome citizens to stabilize their living situations and they can enhance their competitiveness and the public`s confidence in them.

전라북도 지역중소기업의 주거래은행 분석

최진배(Choi Jin Bae),김태훈(Kim Tae Hun) 한국지역사회학회 2007 지역사회연구 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the structure of the regional financial structure and the mainbank of small and medium firms in Cheonbuk province. After the 1997 financial crisis the financial intermediaries when supplying credits put stress on the borrowers credit score. As a result increasing number of borrowers have difficulties in accessing their credits. The regional financial market theory shows that in these circumstances it is the regional financial intermediaries which can ease the financial constraints of the regional economy. But the result of this study shows that regional financial institutions, especially the mutual savings banks, mutual credits, credit unions and community credit cooperatives do not have competitive powers enough to supply credits to the firms. To ease the financial constraints of the region they need to be active in supplying credits to the small and medium firms of the region.

외환위기 이후 중소기업의 주거래은행관계의 변화: 인천경기지역과 대전충남지역을 중심으로

최진배 ( Jin Bae Choi ),김태훈 ( Tae Hun Kim ) 한국경제지리학회 2007 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.10 No.3