Experimental Computer-Based Management System of Patients in Radiation Oncology

최일봉,김춘열,박용휘,Choi, Ihl-Bohng,Kim, Choon-Yul,Bahk, Yong-Whee The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 1987 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.5 No.2

근래에 와서 치료방사선학 영역에서의 전산화가 급속히 이루어지고 있으나 그 전산화의 대부분은 치료계획용 계산에 치우쳐져 있고 환자정보관리, 퇴원환자의 추적검사, 환자관리사무에 있어서의 전산화에 필요한 프로그램 등 환자관리에 필요한 프로그램은 매우 적으며, 상업적으로 개발된 프로그램은 일반화하기에는 많은 문제점을 갖고 있다. 이에 저자들은 16비트 개인용 컴퓨터를 이용하여 환자 현황 관리 프로그램을 시험 제작하였다. 1. 환자정보의 입력은 특별한 부호나 숫자를 사용하지 많고 현재 우리가 사용하는 영어나 한글을 그대로 쓸 수 있었다. 2 환자정보의 분석은 간단한 명령이나 키 동작으로 이루어질 수 있으며 특히 환자 현황에 대한 도표를 즉시 묘출할 수 있었다. 3. 환자관리정보의 내용은 기존 프린터를 이용하여 쉽게 문서화할 수 있으며, 학술발표, 강의재료 및 교육자료로 사용할 수 있었다. Currently, many computer systems are used in many areas of medicine including radiation oncology. For the most part, the computer system has proved to be useful in radiotherapeutic planning and dose calculation. There has been attempts to develop computer system including information management of patients, patient tracing, and office automation in radiation oncology department. But some of these available commercial systems have shortcomings. We developed a management system of patients in our radiation oncology department that integrated most of items for the evaluation of patents. In particular, the data were stored in a natural language (noncoded) and made themselves easily understandable by all clinical groups. In addition , the data could be isolated in files from which the computer could generate graphs and static data by the use of some simple commands. The system provided us with not only the functions of case review but functions of preparation of conferences, lectures and resident teaching.

Experimental Computer-Based Management System of Patients in Radiation Oncology

Ihl Bohng Choi(최일봉),Choon Yul Kim(김춘열),Yong Whee Bahk(박용휘) 대한방사선종양학회 1987 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.5 No.2

부분은 치료계획용 계산에 치우쳐져 있고 환자정보관리, 퇴원환자의 추적검사, 환자관리사무에 있어서의 전산화에 필요한 프로그램 등 환자관리에 필요한 프로그램은 매우 적으며, 상업적으로 개발된 프로그램은 일반화하기에는 많은 문제점을 갖고 있다. 이에 저자들은 16비트 개인용 컴퓨터를 이용하여 환자 현황 관리 프로그램을 시험 제작하였다. 1. 환자정보의 입력은 특별한 부호나 숫자를 사용하지 많고 현재 우리가 사용하는 영어나 한글을 그대로 쓸 수 있었다. 2 환자정보의 분석은 간단한 명령이나 키 동작으로 이루어질 수 있으며 특히 환자 현황에 대한 도표를 즉시 묘출할 수 있었다. 3. 환자관리정보의 내용은 기존 프린터를 이용하여 쉽게 문서화할 수 있으며, 학술발표, 강의재료 및 교육자료로 사용할 수 있었다. Currently, many computer systems are used in many areas of medicine including radiation oncology. For the most part, the computer system has proved to be useful in radiotherapeutic planning and dose calculation. There has been attempts to develop computer system including information management of patients, patient tracing, and office automation in radiation oncology department. But some of these available commercial systems have shortcomings. We developed a management system of patients in our radiation oncology department that integrated most of items for the evaluation of patents. In particular, the data were stored in a natural language (noncoded) and made themselves easily understandable by all clinical groups. In addition , the data could be isolated in files from which the computer could generate graphs and static data by the use of some simple commands. The system provided us with not only the functions of case review but functions of preparation of conferences, lectures and resident teaching.

온열요법시 온도변화가 정상조직에 미치는 영향

최일봉(Ihl Bohng Choi),김춘열(Choon Yul Kim),박용휘(Yong Whee Bahk) 대한방사선종양학회 1988 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.6 No.2

The usefulness of hypertermia for cancer therapy have well been established. The purpose of the present investigation was to ascess the effect of step-up (42℃ → 44℃ sequence) and step-down (44℃ → 42℃ sequence) heating on the skin of the hind foot of the mouse. Hyperthermic treatments were given by immersion the hind foot of the mouse in circulating water baths. Skin response was studied by the leg reaction, which was scored according to a numerical scoring system proposed by Urano et al (1980). The results were as follws 1. The sking damage of 44℃ control group was more severe than 42℃ control group (p<0.0.5), except for 15min. heating group. 2. The skin damage of step-down group was more severe than step-up group (p<0.0.5). 3. The skin damage of 44℃ control group was more severe than step-up group when there is no difference in 44℃ heating time of step-up group from 44℃ control group (p<0.0.5). 4. In step-down group, the skin damage was more severe than 44℃ control group after preheating 45 min at 44℃ (p<0.0.5). Therefore, the above findings suggest the normal tissue damage by step-up heating was correlated with heating time of post step-up. The dropping of heating temperature in late phase had more severe damage of the skin than that in early phase during hyperthermia, and so contineous control of satisfactory temperature should be considered as the one of the most important factor for prognosis, complications of clinical hyperthermia

열소자 온열요법시 VX-2 Hepatoma내의 온도 변화에 대한 연구

최일봉(Ihl Bohng Choi),박용휘(Yong Whee Bahk) 대한방사선종양학회 1994 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.12 No.3

It was the purpose of present study to develop a new thermoseed for heating deep-seated tumors and assessment of the effect of magnetic control on thermoseeds. Aqueous suspension of iron micro spheres (Ferropolysaccharide) was injected directly into the VX-2 hepatoma and heated with 1.2 MHz inductive radiofrequency unit. Aqueous thermoseed suspension was delivered to the tumor by simple percutaneous injection. The limitation of the thermoseed heating method is the positional change of thermoseed particles in the tumor after implantation. The thermoseed particles could enter the systemic blood circulation and cause a severe embolization of a critical organ. To minimize this limitation we have used the magnetic control after loading the thermoseed in the tumor. When ferropolysaccharides were exposed to a strong magnetic field they magnetized and subsequently exerted a magnetic force on each other forming larger aggregates of particles. The size of aggregated particles were too big to enter the systemic blood circulation. Thus, unlike other thermoseed method we hold the thermoseed particles stationary in the tumor. The temperature of the injected site and immediate vicinity elevated by 4~5°C. The temperature of the surrounding normal hepatic tissue elevated by 1~2°C only. The hearing effect within the tumor was variable depending on the density of ferromagnetic aqueous suspension. Our results suggest that inductive heating of tumor injected with ferropolysaccharide solution offers the possibility of effective heat delivery to the defined tumor volume, which is difficult to heat with other heating devices.

신경 인터페이스 기반 초감각 디바이스 기술 동향

김혜진,변춘원,김성은,이정익,Kim, H.J.,Byun, C.W.,Kim, S.E.,Lee, J.I. 한국전자통신연구원 2018 전자통신동향분석 Vol.33 No.6

Sensory devices have been developed to help people with disabled or weakened sensory functions. Such devices play a role in collecting and transferring data for the five senses (vision, sound, smell, taste, and tactility) and also stimulating nerves. To provide brain or prosthesis devices with more sophisticated senses, hyper sensory devices with a high resolution comparable to or even better than the human system based on individual neuron cells are essential. As for data collecting components, technologies for sensors with higher resolution and sensitivity, and the conversion of algorithms from physical sensing data to human neuron signals, are needed. Converted data can be transferred to neurons that are responsible for human senses through communication with high security, and neural interfaces with high resolution. When communication deals with human data, security is the most important consideration, and intra-body communication is expected to be a candidate with high priority. To generate sophisticated human senses by modulating neurons, neural interfaces should modulate individual neurons, and therefore a high resolution compared to human neurons (~ several tens of um) with a large area covering neuron cells for human senses (~ several tens of mm) should be developed. The technological challenges for developing sensory devices with human and even beyond-human capabilities have been tackled by various research groups, the details of which are described in this paper.

진행성 위암 환자에서 방사선 치료 전후에 실시한 국소온열치료

계철승,최일봉,장지영,김인아,Kay Chul Seung,Choi Ihl Bohng,Jang Ji Young,Kim In Ah 대한방사선종양학회 1998 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.16 No.1

목적 : 수술후 재발한 위암 및 원격전이가 없는 진행성 위암환자에서 방사선 치료전과 방사선 치료후에 실시한 항암온열요법의 효과를 비교해보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 7월부터 1996년 11월까지 20명의 진행성 위암환자 및 위암수술후 복강 내에서 재발한 환자들을 대상으로 방사선치료와 온열 치료를 시행하였다. 이 환자들중 방사선치료전에 온열치료를 시행한 환자(PreHT group)는 13명, 방사선치료후에 온열치료를 시행한 환자(PostRT group)는 7명이었다. 환자들의 남녀 비는 PreRT group과 PostRT group이 각각 2.3:1과 2.5:1이였고, 평균 연령은 각각 54.1세와 52.8세였다. PreRT group과 PostRT group의 경우 위암 수술후 복강 내에서 재발한 환자가 각각 9명과 4명이었고, 원격전이가 없는 stage IV의 환자가 4명과 3명이었다. 방사선치료는 주 5회씩 하루에 180-300cGy로 총 3000-4500cGy까지 조사하였으며, 온열치료는 8 MHz의 라디오 주파를 이용하여, PreRT group의 경우에는 매일 방사선치료전에 30분간 시행한 후 10분 이내에 방사선치료를 하였으며, PostRT group의 경우에는 방사선치료후 10분 이내에 온열치료를 시작하여 40-60분간 주 1-2회 시행하였다. 결과 : 대상이 된 전체 환자들의 반응율은 $33.3\%$였으며, 이 결과는 PreRT group과 PostRT group이 모두 동일하게 나타났다. 평균수명과 1년 생존률은 각각 10.3개월과 $16.5\%$였으며, 치료방법에 따른 환자들의 평균수명은 PreRT group과 PostRT group이 각각 6.8개월과 7.7개월이었고, 1년 생존율은 $9\%$와 $34\%$였으며, 이 결과는 통계학적으로 의미있는 정도는 아니었으나 비교적 높은 상관관계를 나타냈다(P=0.052). 그 외에 환자들의 연령, 성별, 총 방사선조사량, 온열치료의 횟수, 치료후의 반응정도등과 환자들의 생존율과는 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 수술후 복강 내에서 재발한 경우와 원격전이가 없는 Stage IV인 원발성위암의 경우를 비교해 보았을때에도 환자들의 생존율에는 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 저자들의 경우에는 방사선치료와 온열치료를 병행함에 있어서 방사선 치료후에 온열치료를 시행했을때, 방사선치료전에 시행한 경우보다 생존률이 높게 나타났으며, 그 외의 다른 예후인자들에 따른 생존율의 차이는 없었다. 그러나 대상이 된 환자들의 수가 적고 추적관찰기간이 짧은 관계로 방사선치료와 온열치료의 병행순서에 따른 치료효과의 명확한 비교를 위해서는 본 연구에는 포함되지 않았던 좀 더 이른 병기의 국소진행성위암(stage IIIA 혹은 IIIB)환자들을 포함한 더 많은 수의 환자들을 대상으로 장기적인 추적관찰이 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : To improve the therapeutic results of postoperative recurrent disease and inoperable disease of stomach cancer, we used the thermoradiotherapy. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the results and compared the results of hyperthermia before radiotherapy and those of hyperthermia after radiotherapy Materials and Methods : From July 1994 to November 1996, we treated twenty patients with locally advanced stomach cancer and recurrent stomach cancer with thermoradiotherapy. We divided those patients into two groups : hyperthermia before radiotherapy group (PreRT group : 13 Patients) and hyperthermia after radiotherapy group (PostRT group : 7 patients). We performed radiation therapy with the total tumor dose of 3000-5040cGy in a traction of 180-300cGy and 5 fractions per week. Hyperthermia was performed with 8 MHz radiofrequency apparatus. PreRT group patients were treated daily for 30 minutes before the radiation therapy within the interval of ten minutes. And PostRT group patients were treated with 1-2 sessions Per week for 40-60 minutes after the radiation therapy within the interval of 10 minutes. Results : Overall response rate was $33.3\%$. This response rate appeared the same in both groups. Mean survival and 1 rear survival rate were 10.3 months and $16.5\%$. In PreRT group, mean survival and 1 year survival rate were 6.8 months and $9.0\%$, and in PostRT group, mean survival and 1 year survival rate were 7.7 months and $34\%$. There were no statistically significant difference between the prognostic factors and therapeutic results. Conclusion : The thermoradiotherapy was a safe treatment method in advanced and recurrent gastric cancer when compared with other treatment. Because the number of patients we treated was small and the follow up period was short. we were not able to draw any conclusions about the therapeutic efficacy of the sequence of radiation therapy and hyperthermia. Therefore, further clinical trials of thermoradiotherauy for stomach cancer appear to be warranted.

Effects of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy Following Curative Surgery in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

강기문,최일봉,김인아,장지영,신경섭,장석균,이재학,김영하,원종만,최동환,김진승,박신희,Kang, Ki-Mun,Choi, Ihl-Bohng,Kim, In-Ah,Jang, Jee-Young,Shin, Kyung-Sub,Jang, Suck-Kyun,Lee, Jae-Hak,Kim, Young-Ha,Won, Chong-Man,Choi, Dong-Hwan,Kim, J The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 1997 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.15 No.2

목적 : 국소 진행된 직장암 환자에서 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료를 시항하여 치료에 따른 합병증, 국소재발 그리고 생존율에 대한 그 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 1992년 9월부터 1995년 9월까지 직장암으로 진단받고 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료를 받은 28명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 방사선치료는 근치적 절제술 후 4주에서 6주이내에 시행하였으며 선형가속기 6MV와 15MV X-ray를 이용하여 주 5회, 1회 180cGy로 5-6주간 총조사선량은 5040cGy-5580cGy까지 조사하였다. 항암화학요법은 방사선치료 시작 1주와 5주째 처음 제1일부터 제4일까지 4일간 5-FU는 체표면적 $m^2$당 400mg씩 그리고 Leucovorin은 체표면적 $m^2$당 20mg씩을 정맥주사로 4주간격으로 2회 시행하였다. 추적관찰기관은 2개월에서 42개월이었으며 중앙값은 24개월이었다. 결과 : 전체환자의 2년 생존율과 무병생존율은 각각 $78.6\%,\;70.8\%$였다. 병기에 있어 2년 생존율과 무병생존율은 $B_{2+3}$에서는 $93.0\%$와 $79.4\%,\;C_{2+3}$에서는 $76.2\%$와 $69.2\%$였다. 치료실패 양상은 국소재발이 $10.7\%$(3128), 원격전이가 $3.6\%$(1/28), 국소재발과 원격전이가 동시에 발생한 경우는 $7.1\%$(2/28)로 궁극적인 국소재발율이 $17.9\%$(5/28)였다. 병기에 따른 국소재발율은 $B_{2+3}$와 $C_{2+3}$의 각각 $13.3\%$(2/15)와 $23.1\%$(3/13)였다. 치료에 따른 합병증으로는 방사선 피부염은 $28.6\%$(8/28)로 가장 많이 발생하였고 혈액학적 부작용으로 백혈구감소증이 $21.4\%$(6/28)에서 발생하였으나 보조적인 치료후 모두 회복되었고 치료와 관련되어 사망한 경우도 없었다. 생존율, 무병 생존과 국소재발율은,.영향을 미치는 단변수분석에서는 조직학적 분화도에 있어 잘 분화된 선암이 분화도가 나쁜 선암보다 통계학적 유의성이 있었고(p=0.04, 0.05, 0.04) 그외에서는 초기병기일수록, 종양의 크기가 5cm 이하에서 좋은 결과를 보였지만 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 결론 : 국소적으로 진행된 직장암의 경우 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료가 비교적 안전하고 효과적인 방법이였다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 직장암이 국소적으로 진행된 대상환자의 수효가 적어 향후 좀 더 환자를 모으고 장기적인 추적 결과를 살펴보아야 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료의 효율성을 보다 명확히 확인할 수 있으리라 생각된다. Purpose : To evaluate the effect of postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy on the survival, pattern of failure and complication for locally advanced rectal carcinoma Materials and Methods : From October 1992 to September 1995, twenty eight patients with rectal carcinoma were treated by postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy Radiation therapy was delivered with 6MV and 15MV linear accelerator, 180c0y fractions 5 day per week. Total radiation doses were 5040cGy in $B_{2+3}$ and 5580cGy in $C_{2+3}$. Within 4 weeks after radical surgery. 5-FU$(400mg/m^2/day)\;and\;Leucovorin(20mg/m^2/day)$ were administered by intravenous injection for 4 days during the first and fifth week of radiation therapy. The median follow up was 19 months with a range 2 to 47 months. Results : The 2 year overall survival and disease free survival rates were $78.6\%\;and\;70.8\%$, respectively. The 2 year overall survival was $93.0\%\;in\;B_{2+3}$ and $76.2\%\;in\;C_{2+3}$(p=0.11) The 2 year disease free survival was $79.4\%\;in\;B_{2+3}\;and\;69.2\%\;in\;C_{2+3}(p=0.13)$. The overall failure rate was $21.42\%$(6/28) including $10.72\%$(3/28) locoregional recurrence, $3.62\%$(1/28) distant metastasis and $7.12\%$(2/28) locoregional recurrence with distant metastasis. The overall locoregional recurrence rate was $17.92\%$(5/28). The 2 year locoregional recurrence rates were $13.32\%(2/15)\;and\;23.12\%$(3/13) for respectively for $B_{2+3}\;and\;C_{2+3}$ The difference between the locoregional recurrence of $B_{2+3}\;and\;C_{2+3}$ patients was not significant(p=0.07). Complications developed in 13 patients$(46.42\%)$, including 8 dermatitis, 7 loose stool, 6 leukopenia, 4 tenesmus, 2 diarrhea. In Univariate analysis, there was no statistically significant factor except for tumor grade in locoregional recurrence, disease free survival and overall survival rate(p=0.04, 0.05, 0.04). Conclusion : This study sugges1s that postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy is effective in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Therefore these results need to be confirmed with a long term follow-up and larger number of patients with the further clinical trials including prospective controlled studies.

Total Body Irradiation for Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

정수미,최일봉,강기문,김인아,신경섭,김춘추,김동집,Chung Su Mi,Choi Ihl Bohng,Kang Ki Mun,Kim In Ah,Shinn Kyung Sub,Kim Choon Choo,Kim Dong Jip The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 1994 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.12 No.2

목적 : 1987년 7월부터 1992년 12월까지 가톨릭의과대학 부속 성모병원 치료방사선과에서 만성골수성백혈병으로 진단되어 동종골수이식을 위한 전신방사선치료를 받은 환자 22명을 대상으로 생존율 및 재발율에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 알아보기 위하여 후향분석을 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 22명중 14명은 만성기였으며 8명은 이행기 혹은 급전기였고 진단 후 골수이식까지의 기간은 4-36개월 (중간값, 8개월)이었으며, 모든 환자들은 HLA 완전일치의 동종골수이식을 위한 전처치로 화학요법과 전신방사선조사가 시행되었다. 전신방사선조사는 6예에서는 1200cGy/6 fractions/3days, 16예에서는 1320cGy/8fractions/4days로 시행되었다. 화학요법은 8명에서는 cyclophosphamide(CTX), 5명에서는 CTX과 Daunorubicin, 그리고 9명에서는 CTX과 Adriamycin이 병용되었다. 또한 골수이식전 비장이 절제된 경우는 14예였고 6예에서는 비장에 방사선조사 (250-800 cGy/2-8fractions)가 시행되었으며 2예에서는 비장 방사선조사후 비장절제술이 시행되었다. 이식편대숙주병을 예방하기 위해 4명에서는 cyclosporine A가 단독투여되었고 18명에서는 methotrexate가 추가 투여되었다. 결과 : 전체환자의 4년 생존율은 $58.8\%$였고 22명중 8명이 재발되었으며 4년 무병생존율은 $41.2\%$였다. 생존율 및 재발율, 이식편대숙주병에 있어서 환자의 성별, 연령, 진단에서 골수이식까지의 기간, 골수이식 당시의 병기, 비장상태, 골수공여자와의 성별 혹은 혈액형 일치여부, 골수 공여자의 연령, 전처치 항암제의 종류, 방사선치료방법, 이식편대숙주병의 억제를 위한 화학요법의 방법 등이 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석한 결과 골수이식당시의 병기만이 생존율에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 이식편대숙주병과 재발율 사이에도 유의한 연관성을 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 동종골수이식을 위한 전처치 및 면역억제방법에 따라 생존율 및 재발율이 크게 다르지 않았으며 HLA 일치 혈연자중 골수공여자가 있는 만성기의 만성골수성 백혈병 관자에서 동종골수이식을 위한 전처치로서 화학요법과 함께 전신방사선 분할조사는 중요한 역할을 담당함을 알 수 있었으나 보다 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 전향적 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Between July 1987 and December 1992, we treated 22 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia; 14 in the chronic phase and 8 with more advanced disease. All were received with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donors after a total body irradiation(TBI) cyclophosphamide conditioning regimen. Patients were non-randomly assigned to either 1200 cGy/6fractions/3days (6 patients) or 1320 cGy/8 fractions/4days (16 patients) by dose of TBI. Of the 22 patients, 8 were prepared with cyclophosphamide alone, 14 were conditioned with additional adriamycin or daunorubicin. To prevent graft versus host disease, cyclosporine was given either alone or in conjunction with methotrexate. The actuarial survival and leukemic-free survival at four years were $58.5\%$ and $41.2\%$, respectively, and the relapse rate was $36\%$ among 22 patients. There was a statistically significant difference in survival between the patients in chronic phase and more advanced phase ($76\%\;vs\;33\%$, p=0.05). The relapse rate of patients receiving splenectomy was higher than that of patients receiving splenic irradiation ($50\%\;vs\;0\%$, p=0.04). We conclude that the probability of cure is highest if transplantation is performed while the patients remains in the chronic phase.

원발성 간암의 방사선치료 및 온열요법의 병용치료 효과

강기문(Ki Mun Kang),최일봉(Ihl Bohng Choi),계철승(Chul Seung Kay),최병옥(Byung Ok Choi),정수미(Su Mi Chung),김인아(In Ah Kim),한성태(Sung Tae Han),선희식(Hee Sik Sun),정규원(Kyu Won Chung),신경섭(Kyeong Sub Shinn) 대한방사선종양학회 1994 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.12 No.2

Purpose : This study was undertaken to show the clinical resuts of combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia in primary hepatoma Materials and Methods : Between December 1989 and March 1993, 50 patients with hepatomas were treated by combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia. Among them, we analyzed retrospectively 33 patients who received the complete course of treatment. The ages of the patients ranged from 36 to 75(mean age : 55.5 years). Twenty six patients (78.8%) were men and 7 (21.2%) were women. According to Child's classification. nine patients (27.3%) were A group 9 (27.3%) were B group 15(45.4%) were C group. Radiation therapy was done by a 6 MV and 15 MV linear accelerator. Patients were treated with daily fractions of 150-180 cGy to doses of 2550 cGy-4950 cGy (median : 3000 cGy). Local hyperthermia was done by 8 MHZ RF capacitive heating device (Cancermia, Green Cross Co., Korea), 50-60 min/session, 1-2 sessions/wk, and 8.5 sessions (median number)/patient. We analyzed the prognostic factors including age, sex, tumor type, Child's classification, α-fetoprotein, liver cir-rhosis, ascites, portal vein invasion, esophageal varix, number of hyperthermia, chemotherapy, total bilirubin level, Karnofsky performance status. Results : The overall 1-year survival was 24.2% with a mean survival of 10 months. Of 33 patients, tumor regression (PR+MR) was seen in 30.4% no response was seen in 52.2%, 17.4% patient was progressed. In patients who had tumor regression, the overall 1 year survival was 42.1% with a mean survival of 14 months. Factors influencing the survival were sex (p=0.05), tumor type (p=0.0248). Child's classification (p=0.0001), liver cirrhosis (p=0.0108), ascites (p=0.0009), and Karnofsky performance status (p=0.0028). Complications developed in 28 patients, including 18 hot pain 5 fat necrosis, 3 transient fever, 2 nausea and vomiting. Conclusion : In this study the results suggests that combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia may improve the survival rate of hepatoma.

국소 진행된 비소세포성 폐암에서 온열 방사선 병용 치료의 효과

계철승(Chul Seung Kay),최일봉(Ihl Bohng Choi),장지영(Ji Young Jang),최병옥(Byung-Ok Choi),김인아(In Ah Kim),신경섭(Kyung Sub Shinn) 대한방사선종양학회 1996 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.14 No.2

목 적: 국소적으로 진행된 비소세포성 폐암의 치료 효과를 높이기 위해, 온열 치료와 방사선 치료를 병용하였으며, 그 결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1991년 7월부터 1993년 5월까지 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 방사선 종양학과에서 치료를 받았던 32명의 비소세포성 폐암 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 총 방사선량은 3000-7000 cGy (중앙값 5580 cGy)였고, 온열치료는 라디오주파(RF wave)를 이용하여 방사선치료 직후에 주 2회 실시하였으며, 총 횟수는 3회에서 13회 (평균 7,8회)였다. 결 과: 온열 방사선 병용군의 결과를 방사선 단독 치료군과 비교하였으며, 치료 후 반응률은 총 32명의 환자 (온열 방사선 병용군 14명, 방사선 단독 치료군 18명)에서 관찰하였다. 온열 방사선 병용군의 경우, 완전 반응은 없었고 부분 반응은 12명 (완전 반응률 0%, 부분 반응률 85.7%)이었으며, 방사선 단독 치료군에서는 완전 반응 2명, 부분 반응 8명 (완전 반응률 11.1%, 부분 반응률 44.4%)으로 두 군의 반응률사이에는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. (p0.05), 온열 방사선 병용군의 경우 온열치료를 10회 이상 시행한 군과 10회 미만으로 시행한 군을 비교해 보았을 때, 각각의 2년 생존율과 평균 수명은 10회 이상을 시행한 경우, 40.0%와 18.2개월이었고, 10회 미만을 시행한 경우에는 7.4%와 7.4개월이었으며, 이 결과는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. (p Purpose: To improve the treatment results of locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient, we treated those patients with regional hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy. And we conducted a retrospective analysis of the results. Material and Methods: Thirty two nonsmall cell lung cancer patients treated at the Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Mary’s hospital. Catholic University Medical College were the base of this analysis. Fourteen patients of above them were treated with hyperthermia and radiotherapy of more than 3000 cGy in radiation dose. Radiofrequency capacitive hyperthermia was administered twice weekly, immediately after radiotherapy. Total sessions of hyperthermia ranged from 3 to 13 times (mean 7,8). Eighteen patient received an external radiation therapy alone. Median radiation dose was 5580 cGy (range, 3000-7000 cGy) in fraction of 180-300 cGy, 5 fractions per week. Results: The results of themoradiotherapy group (HTRT group) were compared with radiation alone group (RT group). There were no complete response (CR) and 12 partial responses (PR) (CR rate 0%, response rate 85.7%) in HTRT group, whereas there were 2 CRs, 8 PRs and 8 no responses (CR rate 11.1%, response rate 55.6%) in RT group. There was significant differece in local response rate of the tumors between RT group and HTRT group (p