Characterization of RAD3 Homologous Gene from Coprinus cinereus

최인순,Choi In Soon Korean Society of Life Science 2004 생명과학회지 Vol.14 No.6

The RAD3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for the incision step of UV-induced excision repair. An yeast RAD3 gene has been previously isolated by functional complementation. In order to identify the RAD3 homologous gene from fungus Coprinus cinereus, we have constructed cosmid libraries from electrophoretically separated chromosomes of the C. cinereus. The 13 C. cinereus chromosomes were resolved by pulse-field gel electrophoresis, hybridized with S. cerevisiae RAD3 DNA, and then isolated RAD3 homologous DNA from C. cinereus chromosome. The RAD3 homolog DNA was contained in 3.2 kb DNA fragment. Here, we report the results of characterization of a fungus C. cinereus homolog to the yeast RAD3 gene. Southern blot analysis confirmed that the C. cinereus chromosome contains the RAD3 homolog gene and this gene exists as a single copy in C. cinereus genome. When total RNA isolated from the C. cinereus cells were hybridized with the 3.4 kb PvuII DNA fragment of the S. cerevisiae RAD3 gene, transcripts size of 2.8 kb were detected. In order to investigate whether the increase of the amount of transcripts by DNA damaging agent, transcript levels were examined after treating agents to the cells. The level of transcripts were not increased by untraviolet light (UV). This result indicated that the RAD3 homologous gene is not UV inducible gene. Gene deletion experiments indicate that the HRD3 gene is essential for viability of the cells and DNA repair function. These observations suggest an evolutionary conservation of other protein components with which HRD3 interacts in mediating its DNA repair and viability functions. 본 연구는 출아형 효모 Saccharomyces cerevisiae에서 자외선의 상해 시 이를 정상으로 회복시키는 절제회복(excision repair) 유전자로 알려진 RADS의 특성 규명을 위하여 균류 Coprinus cinereus에서 이와 유사한 유전자를 분리하였다. RADS 유사 유전자를 분리하기 위하여 균류 C. cinereus의 염색체 DNA를 전기영동하여 분리한 다음 효모 RADS DNA를 probe로 하여 이와 hybridization하였다. 이 결과 RADS유사 유전자는 3.4kb의 insert DNA를 갖고 있었다. 또한 Southern hybridization으로 이 유사 유전자는 fungus C. cinereus의 염색체에 존재함을 확인하였다. 분리한 RADS 유사 유전자의 전사체 크기는 2.8kb 였으며, 자외선의 상해시 전혀 자외선에 대한 유도성이 없음을 Northern hybridization으로 확인하였다. 또한 유사유전자 부분을 삭제하였을 때 이 부분이 없는 세포는 전혀 생존을 못하였다. 이 결과 분리한 RADS 유사유전자는 세포의 생존에 필수적인 유전자임을 알 수 있었다.

Isolation and Characterization of hrp2+ Gene Related to SNF2 Family In Yeast

최인순,Choi In Soon Korean Society of Life Science 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 분열형 효모 Schizosaccharomyces pombe에서 여러 가지 DNA 절제회복 및 유전자 발현에 관여하는 SNF2/SW12유전자의 기능을 연구하기 위하여 이에 관련되는 유전자를 분리하고 그 특성을 연구하였다. SNF2 motif의 conserved sequence를 primer로 하여 중합효소 연쇄반응 (PCR) 방법으로 480 bp 크기의 DNA fragment를 분리하여, 이를 probe로 하여 효모에서 hrp2+ 유전자를 분리하였다. 분리한 hrp+ 유전자의 sequence homology를 비교한 결과 3개의 SNF2 motif를 포함하고 있었다. hrp2+ 유전자의 전사체 크기는 4.7kb임을 Northern hybridization으로 확인하였다. 분리한 유전자의 특성 연구를 위하여 Northern hybridization 으로 hrp2+ 유전자의 UV와 MMS에 대한 유도성을 조사한 결과 자외선에 대해서만 유전자의 발현이 유도되었다. 이 결과 분리한 hrp2+는 UV-inducible 유전자임을 확인하였다. 또한 분리한 유전자의 특성연구 중 하나로 hrp2+ 단백질을 분리하여 helicase activity를 측정하였다. 이 결과 분리한 hrp2+ 유전자는 전혀 helicase activity를 나타내지 않았다. The SNF2/SW12 family comprises proteins from a variety of species with in vivo functions, such as transcriptional regulation, maintenance of chromosome stability during mitosis, and various types of DNA repair. This study was shown the characterization of hrp2+ gene which was isolated by PCR amplification using the conserved domain of SNF2 motifs. Sequence analysis of hrp2+ gene showed striking evolutionary conservation among the SNF2 family of proteins. The transcript of hrp2+ gene was found to be a 4.7 kb as identified by Northern hybridization. To investigate the inducibility of hrp2+ gene, transcript levels were examined after treating the cells to various DNA damaging agents. The transcripts of hrp2+ were induced by UV-irradiation. But the transcripts were not induced by treatment of $ 0.25\%$ Methylmethane sulfonate (MMS). These results implied that the effects of damaging agents are complex and different regulatory pathways exist for the induction of this gene. Hrp2 protein was purified near homogeneity by combination of affinity chromatography. We tested the purified Hrp2 protein for the helicase activity in an oligonucleotide release assay. However we were unable to detect any helicase activity associated with the Hrp2 protein, indicating that the helicase motifs in Hrp2 are merely indicators of a broader DNA-dependent ATPase activity.

논문편 : 노년 여성의 연령집단별 동체부 형태 분석

최인순,남윤자 ( In Soon Choi,Yun Ja Nam ) 대한가정학회 1995 Family and Environment Research Vol.33 No.6

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cytokine

Eun Young Choi(최은영),Kwang Keun Cho(조광근),In Soon Choi(최인순) 한국생명과학회 2013 생명과학회지 Vol.23 No.3

크론병과 궤양성 대장염으로 잘 알려져 있는 염증성 장질환은 재발과 호전을 반복하는 만성적인 염증 및 이에따른 합병증을 특징으로 하는 원인 불명의 질환이다. 염증성 장질환의 발생 원인은 아직 명확히 알려져 있지 않지만 흡연이나 식이와 같은 환경적 요인, 장내 세균총과 같은 미생물학적 요인, 면역 매개에 의한 조직 손상과 같은 면역학적 요인 그리고 유전학적 요인 등이 복합적으로 발생기전에 관여 할 것이라고 추정한다. 특히 사이토카인과 같은 염증매개물질에 의해 세포매개염증반응의 일련의 과정이 유발 혹은 증폭되거나, 면역 조절 기능의 면화로 장 점막의 국소적 조직 손상을 유발하게 되며 면역 및 염증 반응이 적절하게 감소되지 않고 지속되어 만성 염증에 이르게 된다. 최근 이러한 염증반응에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 사이토카인 유전자에 관심이 몰리고 있다. 사이토카인은 활성화된 면역세포에서 주로 생성되는 당단백으로서 분자량이 8~10 kD 정도이며, 면역 반응시 T세포, B세포, 대식세포 등의 면역세포 상호간에 활성화, 증식 및 분화 등에 관계하여 국소적 조직 손상 및 염증반응을 일으킨다. 반면에 장의 구조와 기능에 있어 중요한 기질인 식이 섬유소에서 유래되는 Butyrate는 친염증성 사이토카인을 감소시키고 항염증성 사이토카인을 증가시킴으로써 장관 면역계에 대한 조절기능을 보이고 있다. 따라서 본 총설에서는 Butyrate의 항염증 효과에 대한 분자적 기작을 면역세포에서 Butyrate가 가지는 사이토카인 조절 능력을 통해 이해하고 Butyrate가 염증성 장질환에 대해 새로운 치료 전략을 제시 해 줄 것으로 기대한다. Inflammatory bowel disease, known as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is an unexplained disease characterized by chronic inflammation that repeats a cycle of relapse, improvement, and complications. The cause of inflammatory bowel disease is not clearly known, but it is predicted that a complex of various factors precipitate its occurrence. In particular, inflammatory mediators, such as cytokine, induce an increase in cell-mediated inflammatory responses. Focal tissue damage then occurs in the intestinal mucosa because of the weakening of the immune-modulating functions of cotton. Immune and inflammatory responses do not decrease appropriately but continue until they lead to chronic inflammation. Current research has focused on the cytokine genes, which have important roles in these inflammatory responses. Cytokine is a glycoprotein that is produced mostly in activated immune cells. It connects the activation, multiplication, and differentiation between immune cells, which causes focal tissue damage and inflammatory response. Moreover, butyrate, which originates in dietary fiber and plays an important role in the structure and function of the intestinal area, shows control functions in the intestinal immune system by decreasing the proinflammatory cytokine and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokine. Therefore, this research investigated the molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of butyrate to comprehend the cytokine controlling abilities of butyrate in the immune cells. Butyrate is expected to have potential in new treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease.

Using Movies in the EFL classroom

Lee, Woo Joo(이우주),Choi, In Soon(최인순) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2015 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.22 No.-

Exposed to various media and technology resources--from audio to printed material--, students still lack the motivation for learning in the conventional way. This is the main reason why English language teachers always keep searching for more motivating teaching sources. Course books in Engish classes turn out to be artificial and not very engaging for students. One way of bringing variety into the classroom is the use of movies in EFL teaching. How can movies improve English learning in EFL classroom? This study investigated on the correlation between viewing movies and effective learning in EFL classroom. A review of the theoretical and research evidence on movies is presented in this paper. The study analyzes the effects of using movies in the EFL classroom. It reveals its effects on developing students’ all literacy skills: listening, speaking, writing and reading skills. The study concluded that movies attract students’ attention by presenting English in a more natural way than any of the textbooks. More importantly, movies offer a visual context aids, helping students to understand and improve their literacy skills. The aims of this paper is to promote better understanding of the usefulness of using movies as a teaching tool in the EFL classroom as well as promote language teachers to use movies in their language teaching.

한국 영어교육의 콜 디자인 (컴퓨터 보조에 의한 언어습득) 활용 연구

이우주 ( Woo Joo Lee ),최인순 ( In Soon Choi ) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2015 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.21 No.-

Today’s busy learners often find it hard to squeeze time out of their everyday hectic life to study in the traditional face-to-face classroom settings· They continuously ask for the authentic and realistic English experience in the present classroom of non-English environment· Yet English teachers find it hard to meet all of the learners’ needs in the regular classroom settings· The solution on both of the parts of the learners and the teachers could be CALL Design, the convergence of education and technology, which may tackle many of the complaints and problems· This study examines the current state of CALL Design and its practical usage in EFL classes in Korea· CALL Design stands for Computer Assisted Language Learning· It is an approach to language teaching and learning in which the computer is used as an aid to the presentation, reinforcement and assessment of the materials to be learned· CALL Design is a term, applicable to all types of computer-based learning--that is, e-learning· Among the computer assisted learning tools, the most commonly used is the internet· which places English in an international context, promoting language learning by helping students to experience authentic English· The electronic discourse tends to be more lexically and syntactically complex than the oral discourse and features a broad range of linguistic functions beneficial for language acquisition· The study concludes that using CALL Design can reduce students’ anxiety and increase their motivation by providing authentic setting for them to learn English language in non-English speaking environment· In accordance with the growing interest and benefits of CALL Design, the teachers need to become more familiarized with using the internet and its various functions· They must learn how to use specific search tools in order to prepare their lessons· For further study, more research is to be done in the teachers’ and student’s perceptions and responses of using CALL Design for EFL teaching and learning to enhance the quality of English education in Korea·

CALL Design (Computer Assisted Language Learning) for the English education in Korea

Lee, Woo Joo(이우주),Choi, In Soon(최인순) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2015 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.21 No.-

Today’s busy learners often find it hard to squeeze time out of their everyday hectic life to study in the traditional face-to-face classroom settings. They continuously ask for the authentic and realistic English experience in the present classroom of non-English environment. Yet English teachers find it hard to meet all of the learners’ needs in the regular classroom settings. The solution on both of the parts of the learners and the teachers could be CALL Design, the convergence of education and technology, which may tackle many of the complaints and problems. This study examines the current state of CALL Design and its practical usage in EFL classes in Korea. CALL Design stands for Computer Assisted Language Learning. It is an approach to language teaching and learning in which the computer is used as an aid to the presentation, reinforcement and assessment of the materials to be learned. CALL Design is a term, applicable to all types of computer-based learning--that is, e-learning. Among the computer assisted learning tools, the most commonly used is the internet. which places English in an international context, promoting language learning by helping students to experience authentic English. The electronic discourse tends to be more lexically and syntactically complex than the oral discourse and features a broad range of linguistic functions beneficial for language acquisition. The study concludes that using CALL Design can reduce students’ anxiety and increase their motivation by providing authentic setting for them to learn English language in non-English speaking environment. In accordance with the growing interest and benefits of CALL Design, the teachers need to become more familiarized with using the internet and its various functions. They must learn how to use specific search tools in order to prepare their lessons. For further study, more research is to be done in the teachers’ and student’s perceptions and responses of using CALL Design for EFL teaching and learning to enhance the quality of English education in Korea.

Using English Songs in the adult EFL classroom

Lee, Woo Joo(이우주),Choi, In Soon(최인순) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2017 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.31 No.-

Students still lack the enthusiasm, motivation and interest to learn English in the conventional way even though they are exposed to various media and technology resources. This is the main reason why English language teachers should always keep an eye on the more engaging and involving teaching sources. Text books in English classes turn out to be not very engaging for students. It is no surprise that many learners view English language learning as a boring and insuperable wall. In fact, English learning can be implemented in a more relaxed and enjoyable way. One of the progressive ways to bring variety into the classroom is integrating English songs in the adult EFL classes. Using songs gives a great influence in the educational settings. Then, how can songs improve English learning in the EFL classroom? This study investigates the correlation between listening to songs and effective learning in the EFL classroom. A review of the theoretical and research evidence on English songs and education is presented in this paper. The study analyzes the effects of using songs in the EFL classroom on all four language skills: listening, speaking, writing and reading. The study draw a conclusion that songs attract students’ attention by presenting English in a more natural way than any of the existing textbooks. Most importantly, songs offer listening aids, helping students to improve their listening skill and extend their vocabulary ability. The aim of this paper is to promote better understanding of the effectiveness of English songs as a great teaching tool in the EFL classroom and to suggest language teachers to use songs in their language teaching.

시판 미역의 영양성분 및 생리활성 분석

최재석(Jae-Suk Choi),배희정(Hee-Jung Bae),김양춘(Yang Chun Kim),박남희(Nam-Hee Park),김태봉(Tae Bong Kim),최영주(Young Ju Choi),최은영(Eun Young Choi),박선미(Sun Mee Park),최인순(In Soon Choi) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

시판되는 기장산, 진도산 및 완도산 미역 완제품(가닥미역과 실미역)의 일반성분, 미량금속, 유리아미노산 함량, 알긴산 함량, 항산화 효과와 항염증 효과를 조사하여 산지별 미역의 생리활성을 비교, 분석하였다. 수분, 조지방, 조단백질, 탄수화물의 함량과 칼로리에서 큰 차이가 없었으나, 회분의 경우, 기장산 실미역은 32.5%, 완도산 실미역은 26.6%로 나타나 기장산 실미역이 다소 높은 함량을 보였다. 조지방의 경우, 기장산 가닥미역은 0.53%, 진도산 가닥미역은 1.47%로 나타나 진도산 가닥미역의 조지방 함량이 다소 높은 것으로 나타났다. 가닥미역의 주요 유리아미노산은 hydroxyproline, alanine, glutamic acid, proline 그리고 asparagine이었으며, 실미역은 유리아미노산 함량이 현저히 낮아 미역 가공 공정에 따라서 많은 유리아미노산이 소실되는 것으로 나타났다. 4종류의 주요금속원소(Na, K, Ca, Mg)과 3종류의 미량금속원소(Fe, Zn, P)의 농도를 비교한 결과, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg 그리고 P의 함량은 기장산 가닥미역과 실미역에 비해 완도산 가닥미역과 실미역의 함량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 알긴산의 함량은 가닥미역의 경우 제품별 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 실미역의 경우 완도산 실미역(26.0%)이 기장산 실미역(21.0%)에 비해 다소 높은 값을 나타내었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 기장 및 진도산 가닥미역의 메탄올 추출물 40 ㎍/ml 농도에서 측정한 결과, 각각 45.5% 및 33.5%로 기장산 가닥미역에서 라디칼 소거능이 높게 나타났으며, 기장 및 완도산 실미역의 경우 각각 37.0%와 27.0%로 기장산 실미역의 라디칼 소거효과가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. SOD 유사활성을 측정 결과, 추출물 농도가 증가할수록 항산화 효과가 증가하였고, 기장 및 진도산 가닥미역의 메탄올 추출물(10 ㎎/ml)의 SOD 유사활성은 각각 66.1%와 72.5%였으며, 기장 및 완도산 실미역의 메탄올 추출물(10㎎/ml)의 SODA 유사활성은 각각 63.0% 및 71.4%로 분석되었다. LPS에 의하여 유도된 NO 합성은 미역의 methanol 추출물을 200 ㎍/ml농도로 처리하였을 때, 기장 및 완도산 실미역의 NO 활성은 각각 44.2%와 35.7%로 나타났으며 가닥미역의 경우는 기장 및 진도산이 각각 40.7%와 28.6%로 나타나 산지에 따른 차이를 보였다. 특히 가공과정에 따라 생리활성 성분이 소실되는 것으로 나타났다. This research was performed to determine the proximate compositions, mineral contents, alginic acid, antioxidative activities and amino acids of sea mustards (Miyeok: Undaria pinnatifida) collected from Gijang and Wando area. Ash content was higher in Gijang samples, whereas carbohydrate and moisture were higher in Wando Sil Miyeok. General compositions of dried sea mustard showed different contents as manufacture's company and places. The major free amino acids were hydroxyproline, alanine, glutamic acid and asparagine in Gijang samples. Both Gijang and Wando Sil Miyeok showed lower contents comparing with Gijang Gadak Miyeok. Major mineral content was Na, K, Ca, Mg and P, and especially, Na and K were the most abundant in both Gijang and Wando sea mustards. Alginic acid content was almost similar in both sea mustards. Antioxidative activity of methanol extract of sea mustards was measured by using DPPH radical scavenging and SOD-like activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity was 45.5% (40 ㎍/ml) in Gijang Gadak Miyeok and 37.0% and 26.0% (40 ㎍/ml) in Gijang and Wando Sil Miyok, respectively. SOD-like activity of Gijang and Wando Sil Miyok was 63% and 71% (10 ㎍/ml), respectively. These results show that biological activities depend on Miyeok manufacture's process. When stimulated macrophages RAW264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inhibition of NO production in Gijang Sil Miyeok (44.2%) was 9% high comparing with that of Wando Sil Miyeok (35.7%).

프래너리 오코너의 악마 : 『선한 사람은 찾기 어렵다』를 중심으로

최인순(Choi, In-Soon) 신영어영문학회 2013 신영어영문학 Vol.56 No.-

As the title suggests, Flannery O’Connor’s modern landscape is “a territory held largely by the devil,” in which a good man is hard to find. O’Connor’s devil is not simply a psychological tendency or a vehicle for her satire for “our godless actuality”; He is to be “recognized as existing in himself and as a dramatic necessity for the writer.” The devil exists at the center of O’Connor’s literary imagination, which is located squarely in her Catholic faith. The ego-bloated, self-intoxicated characters are the surest candidates to fall victim to the devil. The fatal encounter between the devil and the main characters is at the core of the O’Connor narrative. The devil plays the role of a spiritual catalyst by ripping apart their outward facade and delivering a harsh lesson leading them to painful self-knowledge, which is the prologue of grace. The paper keeps track of the process of the devil’s working as “the unwilling instrument of grace” through “piercing pretensions” of the intruded.