침엽정유추출잔사의 퇴비화 및 조사료 이용

최인규(In-Gyu Choi),강하영(Ha-Young Kang) 한국산림바이오에너지학회 2002 산림바이오에너지 Vol.21 No.1

침엽수 잎으로부터 정유를 생산하고 남는 폐잔사의 이용도를 구명하고자 소나무, 잣나무, 편백 및 화백을 이용하여 음식물찌꺼기와 혼합하여 퇴비화 및 조사료화를 시도하였다. 폐유기물인 음식물찌꺼기를 효율적으로 발효시키기 위하여 미생물균주원을 탐색하여 돈분퇴비 등으로부터 고온호기성 박테리아 및 방선균을 선발하여 혼합균주를 대량배양 하였다. 이를 음식물찌꺼기, 정유잔사와 혼합하여 부숙과정을 거쳐 퇴비화를 시도하였으며 작물이용시험에 의한 양질 퇴비 여부를 판단하였다. 또한 발효 후 남는 잔사에 대한 조사료로서 이용 가능성 여부를 타진하기 위하여 영양성 평가 및 소화율을 분석하였다.<br/> The essential oil free needles, which were left after distillation of essential oil from various coniferous needles, were fermented with food waste organics in order to use as compost and roughage. Microorganisms for the fermentation were selected from domestic sources such as swine compost, bark compost, and kimchi, etc, and consisted of aerothermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes. The weight reduction ratio of food waste organics treated with the microorganisms was 90% after 30 days treatment, and the fermentation temperature was kept at approximately 45℃. The compost process was really slow due to chemical compounds derived from needles, and it finally took 60 days for complete compost. When 10% of needle compost was mixed with soil for radish growth, the growth indicators such as leaf length and root weight were increased compared with control, while root weight, root width, and root length were inhibited on the addition of 20% needle compost.<br/>

KOCED 미니모스트 시스템을 이용한 온라인 하이브리드실험

최인규(Choi In Gyu),정대성(Jung Dae Sung),김철영(Kim Chul Young),박영석(Park Young Suk) 대한토목학회 2007 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

초등 체육 수업에서 블랜디드 러닝이 수업 만족도, 흥미도 및 태도에 미치는 영향

최인규(In Gyu Choi),이안수(An Su Lee) 한국스포츠교육학회 2008 한국스포츠교육학회지 Vol.15 No.4

바이오에탄올 생산을 위한 바이오매스 자원으로서 버섯골목의 이용 가능성 평가

이재원(Lee, Jae-Won),구본욱(Koo, Bon-Wook),최준원(Choi, Joon-Weon),최돈하(Choi, Don-Ha),최인규(Choi, In-Gyu) 한국신재생에너지학회 2006 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.06

In order to investigate the possibility of waste mushroom logs as biomass resource chemical and physical characteristics of normal woods and waste mushroom logs such as crystallinity value, energy consumption, total sugar yield after hydrolysis chemical compounds and molecular weight distribution after acid hydrolysis, were examined. In the results, crystallinity of waste mushroom logs which were three year passed after the inoculation was decreased drastically from 49% to 33% during the cultivation. Lignin contents as chemical compounds of normal woods and waste mushroom logs were 21.07% and 18.78%, respectively. By the results of measurement of energy consumption, the size reduction of normal woods required a significantly higher energy than that of waste mushroom logs. In the hydrolysis, total sugar yield by enzyme and acid hydrolysis were high in waste mushroom logs(53% 57.5%) than in normal woods(42.9%, 47.17%). According to the molecular weight distribution using GPC, low molecular weight compounds were distributed in waste mushroom logs. Based on these results, waste mushroom logs have enough potential as material for developing alternative energy because of easily conversion to sugar by various hydrolysis methods and requirement of low energy consumption during size reduction.

소형뼈대모형을 이용한 하이브리드실험과 진동대실험의 비교 연구

최인규(Choi In Gyu),정대성(Jung Dae Sung),김철영(Kim Chul Young),박영석(Park Young Suk) 대한토목학회 2008 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.10

3차원 수치해석을 이용한 MFS 공법의 벽체 거동에 관한 연구

최인규(Choi, In-Gyu),김현익(Kim, Hyun-Ik),유찬호(Yoo, Chan-Ho),이중재(Lee, Jung-Jae),한연진(Han, Yeon-Jin) 한국지반환경공학회 2022 한국지반환경공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2022 No.9

Desflurane 흡입 마취 유도 시 기도 과민성에 대한 Lidocaine과 Fentanyl의 효과

최인규 ( In Gyu Choi ),최영순 ( Young Soon Choi ),민진혜 ( Jin Hye Min ),김용호 ( Yong Ho Kim ),채영근 ( Young Keun Chae ),이우경 ( Woo Kyung Lee ),이용경 ( Yong Kyung Lee ),이애리나 ( Ae Re Na Lee ),조형래 ( Hyong Rae Cho ),채홍석 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.6

Background: Inhalation induction with desflurane can cause airway irritability and sympathetic stimulation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lidocaine and fentanyl could reduce these unwanted reactions. Methods: Seventy-five patients who had premedication with midazolam were randomly allocated to one of three groups to receive intravenous saline (S group), lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg (L group), fentanyl 1 μg/kg (F group), respectively, before tidal volume induction with desflurane in oxygen and nitrous oxide. We recorded airway irritability such as cough, apnea, laryngospasm and excitatory movement and hemodynamic changes. Results: Airway irritability was not significantly different between the groups. In F group, mean blood pressure at LOC ver and LOC BIS and heart rate at LOC ver, LOC BIS and just before intubation were lower than those of S group (P<0.05). Other results were not significantly different. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that intravenous fentanyl and lidocaine had no beneficial effects to reduce airway irritability, but intravenous fentanyl could significantly reduce hemodynamic stimulation during inhalation induction with desflurane in the patients who were premedicated with midazolam. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 57: 693∼7)

유채박을 이용한 단판적층재용 접착제의 개발 및 성능평가

양인 ( In Yang ),한규성 ( Gyu Seong Han ),최인규 ( In Gyu Choi ),김용현 ( Yong Hyun Kim ),안세희 ( Sye Hee Ahn ),오세창 ( Sei Chang Oh ) 한국목재공학회 2011 목재공학 Vol.39 No.3

목질계 판상재료 생산을 위하여 현재 주로 사용되고 있는 석유화학계 접착제는 원유의 가격 상승과 포름알데히드 방산과 같은 문제로 인해 대체 접착제에 대한 개발 필요성이 오래전부터 대두되었다. 본 연구에서는 석유 화학계 접착제를 대체하기 위하여 바이오 디젤 부산물인 유채박의 효소 가수분해를 통해 접착제를 조제하고. 이 접착제를 단판적층재 제조에 적용한 후 물리 및 기계적 특상을 조사하여 유채박의 단판적층재 제조용 접착제제조를 위한 원료화 가능성을 확인하고자 수행하였다. 먼저 유채박 접착제 조제를 위하여 유채박을 4가지 효소의 조합을 통해 개량한 다음. phenol formaldehyde (PF) prepolymer와 혼합하여 접착제를 제조하고 이를 단판적층재 제조에 사용하였다. 제조된 단판적층재의 평균함수율과 내수성은 모두 KS의 기준을 만족시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 유채박 접착제의 열분석에서 pectinase 가수분해물로 조제한 접착제를 제외하고 페놀수지 접착제와 열경화 특성이 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 단판적층재의 휨강도는 페놀수지 접착제로 제조한 단판적충재보다 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타나 기존 석유화학계 접착제의 대체 접착제로써 가능성을 보여주었다. 추후 접착성능의 향상을 위해 적절한 유채박의 효소가수분해 조건에 대한 연구와 도포성능 개선에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Due to the increase of oil price and the environmental issue such as the emission of volatile organic compounds, the necessity for developing alternative resins of petroleum-based adhesive resins, which have extensively been used for the manufacture of wood-based products, has been speculation since the early 1990. In our study, rapeseed flour (RSF), which is the by-product of bio-diesel produced from rapeseed, were hydrolyzed by enzymes As a crosslinking agents of the RSF hydrolyzates, phenol-formaldehyde prepolymers (PF) were prepared. The RSF hydrolyzates and PF were mixed to complete the formulation of RSF-based adhesive resins, and the resins were applied to make the laminated veneer lumber (LVL). The physical and mechanical properties of the LVL were measured to examine whether RSF can be used as raw materials of adhesive resins for the fabrication of LVL or not. The average moisture content and soaking delamination rate of the LVL bonded with RSF-based adhesive resins exceeded the minimum requirement of KS standard. Moreover, thermal analysis of the RSF-based resins showed similar tendencies except for the RSF-based adhesive resins formulated with pectinase-hydrolyzed RSF. The bending strengths of the LVI. were higher than that of the LVL made with commercial PF resins These results showed the potential of RSF as a raw material of alternative adhesives for the production of LVL Further works on the optimal conditions of RSF hydrolysis and spreading characteristics for RSF-hased adhesive resins is required to improve the adhesive performance of RSF-based resins

수령별 백합나무의 열분해 산물 동정

엄인용(In-Yong Eom),김광호(Kwang-Ho Kim),이수민(Soo-Min Lee),이오규(Oh-Kyu Lee),여환명(Hwanmyoung Yeo),최인규(In Gyu Choi),최준원(Joon-Weon Choi) 한국산림바이오에너지학회 2009 산림바이오에너지 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구는 백합나무의 바이오에너지 원료 적합성을 조사하기 위해 생장기간 별로 목부와 수피로 분리하여 원소 조성과 화학적 조성분석을 실시하였고 열화학적 분해산물은 pyrolysis-GC/MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. 백합나무의 원소조성은 목부와 수피조직에서 거의 유사하게 나타났으며, 각각의 발열량에도 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 백합나무 목부조직의 홀로셀룰로오스 함량과 리그닌 함량은 생장기간(6년, 11년, 20년)에 관계없이 각각 80±2%와 21±1%로 큰 변화가 없었으며, 수피조직의 홀로셀룰로오스와 리그닌 함량은 목부조직보다 낮은 64% 와 16% 정도로 나타났다. 백합나무 목부조직의 주요 열분해 산물의 조성은 생장기간에 크게 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 셀룰로오스/헤미셀룰로오스에서 유래한 퓨란계 화합물(4종)과 cyclopentene 화합물(3종)이 대표적이었고, 리그닌 분해산물로는 C6C₃형인 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol(S형)과 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol(G형)의 비율이 다른 페놀류보다 높게 나타났다. 수피조직의 리그닌 열분해 산물은 목부조직과 다르게 C6C₃형 비율은 훨씬 낮은 반면, C6C₁형인 vanillic acid의 비율이 목부조직에 비해 상당히 높게 나타났다. This study was performed to assess a compatibility for yellow poplar as a raw material of biofuel conversion process. Xylem tissue as well as bark tissue of yellow poplar grown at 6, 11 and 20 years, respectively, were subjected to elemental analysis and chemical composition analysis and thermal degradation products of each sample were analyzed by pyrolysis-GC/MS. Irrespective of growth year as well as xylem and bark elemental composition were almost similar. Holocellulose and lignin content of xylem tissues were not also influenced by growth year and determined to 80±2% and 21±1%, respectively. In comparison to xylem tissues holocellulose and lignin content in bark tissue, however, were relative lower to 64% and 16%. As thermal degradation products from cellulose/hemicellulose the relative proportions of furan derivatives(4 structures) and cyclopentene derivatives(3 structures) were significant. 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol(S type) and 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol(G type), which have C6C₃ forms, were representative in xylem tissue as lignin derived products. In case of bark tissue the portion of C6C₃ derivatives were distinctively reduced, while high yield of vanillic acid(C6C₁ structure) was released as lignin degradation products.

유채박의 알칼리 가수분해물을 이용한 합판용 접착제의 개발

양인 ( In Yang ),정재훈 ( Jae Hoon Jeong ),한규성 ( Gyu Seong Han ),최인규 ( In Gyu Choi ),사공문 ( Gong Moon Sa ),안세희 ( Sye Hee Ah ),오세창 ( Sei Chang Oh ) 한국목재공학회 2010 목재공학 Vol.38 No.4

현재 석유화학계 접착제는 합판과 같은 목질계 판상재료 생산을 위하여 주로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 석유화학계 접착제의 기본 원료인 원유의 가격 상승과 포름알데히드 방산과 같은 문제로 대체 접착제에 대한 개발이 절실한 상황이다. 본 연구는 석유화학계 접착제를 대체하기 위하여 바이오 디젤 부산물인 유채박을 이용하여 접착제를 조제하였으며, 이 접착제를 합판 제조에 적용한 후 접착능 및 포름알데히드 방산량을 조사함으로써 유채박의 합판용 접착제 제조를 위한 원료화 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 유채박 접착제 조제를 위하여 먼저 유채박을 수산화나트륨으로 화학적으로 개량한 후, phenol formaldehyde (PF) prepolymer와 혼합하여 접착제를 제조하고 그 접착제를 합판 제조에 적용하였다. 유채박 접착제는 가수분해 조건과 PF prepolymer의 몰비에 따라 26.08∼36.12%의 고형분 함량을 보유하였으나, 점도가 매우 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 한편 유채박 접착제로 제조된 합판의 인장 전단강도와 목파율은 유채박의 가수분해 조건과 PF prepolymer의 종류와 상관없이 KS 규격의 보통합판 품질기준을 상회하였다. 포름알데히드 방산량은 1.8몰의 포름알데히드와 1몰의 phenol로 조제한 PF prepolymer를 사용한 접착제에서 유채박의 가수분해 조건과 상관없이 KS 규격의 E0 기준보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 유채박이 합판용 접착제의 원료로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되나, 열압시간을 단축시키기 위한 유채박 접착제의 고형분 함량을 증가시키는 방안과 접착제의 목재 침투 정도와 인장 전단강도 사이의 관계를 확인하는 현미경적 미세구조에 대한 연구가 유채박 접착제의 상용화를 위해 필요할 것으로 판단된다. Petroleum-based adhesive resins have extensively been used for the production of wood panels. However, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly adhesive resins due to the increase of manufacturing cost and the environmental issue, such as the emission of volatile organic compounds, of the pertroleum-based adhesive resins. This study was conducted to formulate environmentally friendly adhesive resins using by rapeseed flour (RSF), which is the by-product of bio-diesel produced from rapeseed, for replacing petroleum-based adhesives with them. To formulate RSF-based adhesive resins, RSF was hydrolyzed in de-ionized water, 1% and 3% sodium hydroxide solutions. As a crosslinking agent, PF prepolymers were prepared with 1.8, 2.1 and 2.4 mol formaldehyde and 1 mol phenol (1.8-, 2.1- and 2.4-PF), and then mixed with RSF hydrolyzates to complete the formulation of RSF-based adhesive resins. The RSF-based adhesive resins were applied to fabricate 3-ply plywood panels. The solid content of RSF-based adhesive resins were ranged from 26.08% to 36.12% depending on the hydrolysis condition of RSF and PF prepolymer type with a high viscosity. The tensile shear strength and wood failure of plywood fabricated with RSF-based adhesive resins exceeded a minimum requirement of KS standard for ordinary plywood regardless of the hydrolysis condition of RSF and PF prepolymer type. Formaldehyde emissions of the plywood panels fabricated with 1.8-PF and RSF hydrolyzates were lower than that of E0 specified in the KS standard. Based on the results, RSF might be used as a raw material of environmentally friendly adhesives for the production of plywood panels, but further researches-the increase of solid content of RSF-based adhesives for reducing press time and the microscopic observation of plywood specimen for identifying the relationship between tensile shear strength and the penetration of adhesives into wood structure-are required to commercialize the RSF-based adhesives.