솔잎혹파리의 약제방제에 관한 연구 V. 고농도 ULV 엽면살포효과

최승윤,박형만,정부근,Choi Seung-Yoon,Park Hyung-Man,Chung Bu-Ken 한국응용곤충학회 1982 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.21 No.2

ULV기에 의한 살충제의 농도(50배희석) 엽면살포를 실시하여 솔잎혹파리의 방제효과를 비교검토하였다. 본 시험은 1980년도 경기도 시흥군 의왕면 의왕읍 일대, 10년생미만 적송림에서 수행되었다. 공시살충제 Salithion(25 EC), Decamethrin$(Decis^{(R)},\;1EC)$, Phenthoate$(Elsan^{(R)},\;47.5\%)$, Diazinon(34 EC), Chlorfevinphos$(Birlane^{(24)},\;24\;EC)$, Phosalone$(Zolone^{(R)},\;25\;EC)$ 및 Methamidophes$(Tamaron^{(R)},\;60\;SL)$를 50배로 희석, 1구 10주당 500ml씩 6월 6일에 건전시용 ULV기(12v, Union Carbide 제)로 일동 엽면처리하였다. 충영엽율은 무처리 $53.3\%$에 비하여 Salithion, Decamethrin, Phenthoate 처리에서 각각 $11.8\%,\;15.4\%,\;15.5\%$로서 가장 낮았으며 다음은 $Diazinon(19.3\%),\;Chlorfevinphos(20.4\%),\;Phoslaone(24.3\%),\;Methamidophos(31.5\%)$ 순으로 방제효과가 낮았다. Salithion, Decamethrin, Phenthoate 처리의 방제 70 이상을 보였으나 그 밖에 살충제들은 비교적이다. 고농도 엽면살포에 의한 솔잎혹파리방제용 살충제 Salithion을 대체할 저독성살충제는 Decamthrin Phenothoate라고 사료된다. The insecticides salithion$(Salithion^{(R)},\;25\;EC)$, decamethrin$(Decis^{(R)}\;1\;EC)$, phenthoate$(Elsan^{(R)},\;47.5\;EC)$, diazinon$(Diaton^{(R)})$, chlorfevinphes$(Birlane^{(R)},\;24\;EC)$, phosalone$(Zolone^{(R)},\;25\;EC)$, and methamidophos$(Tamaron^{(R)},\;60\;SL)$ were evaluated on the effectiveness of single ULV foliar spray for the control of the pine fall midges(Therodiplosis japonensis UCHIDA et INOUYE) when the insecticides diluted with the 50 times of water were applied to the pine trees$(1.5\~2m\;in\;height)$ on June 6 by ULV Sprayer(Battery-type of 12 voltage, devised by Union Carbide). A single ULV foliar spray of salithion, decamethrin, and phethoate among the insecticides tested was significantly effective for the pressure of the gall incidence by the insects.

복숭아혹진딧물의 살충제 저항성(抵抗性)에 관한 연구(硏究) III. Acephate저항성(抵抗性) 발달(發達), 교차저항성(交叉抵抗性) 및 Esterase Isozymes

최승윤,김길하,Choi, Seung-Yoon,Kim, Gil-Hah 한국응용곤충학회 1986 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.25 No.2

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 실내(室內)에서 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)을 OP계(系) 살충제 acephate로 누대도태(累代淘汰)시켜 저항성(抵抗性) 발달속도(發達速度)와 정도(程度), 다른 살충제와의 교차저항성(交叉抵抗性) 유무(有無), 나아가 그들 계통(系統)에서 esterase isozyme을 검출(檢出)하여 살충제) 저항성(抵抗性)과의 관계를 검토(檢討)코자 하였다. 1. 복숭아혹진딧물의 acephate 저항성(抵抗性) 발달(發達) 속도(速度)는 5세대(世代) 도태(淘汰)에서 $1.0{\sim}1.6$배(倍), 10세대(世代) 도태(淘汰)에서 $2.2{\sim}2.8$배(倍), 15세대(世代) 도태(淘汰)에서 $3.5{\sim}5.1$배(倍), 20세대(世代) 도태(淘汰)에서 $6.7{\sim}9.3$배(倍)로 증대(增大)되었다. 2. Acephate 20세대(世代) 도태저항성(淘汰抵抗性) 계통(系統)은 24시간(時間) 조사(調査)에서는 acephate자체(自體)에 대하여 31.7배(倍), cypermethrin에 대해서는 507.3배(倍), oxydometon-methyl에 대해서는 49.7배(倍), pirimicarb에 대해서는 7.5배(倍)이었고 48시간((時間) 조사(調査)에서는 acephate 자체(自體)에 대하여 32.0배(倍), cypermetherin에 대하여 475.6배(倍), oxydemeton-methyl에 대하여 21.5배(倍), pirimicarb에 대(對)하여 8.9배(倍)이었다. 3. Acephate 저항성(抵抗性) 계통(系統)은 cypermethrin과 oxydemeton-methyl에 대하여 높은 교차저항성(交叉抵抗性)을 나타내었고 pirimicarb에 대해서는 낮은 교차저항성(交叉抵抗性)을 나타내었다. 4. Esterase isozyme의 영동대(泳動帶)에 있어서 $Est\;{\alpha}-1,\;Est\;{\alpha}-2,\;{\beta}-1$는 저항성(抵抗性), 감수성(感受性) 두 계통(系統) 모두에서 검출(檢出)되었으나 $Est\;{\beta}-2$는 acephate 저항성(抵抗性) 계통(系統)에서만 검출(檢出)되었다. The green peach aphids(Myzus persicae) collected in a field had been successively selected by acephate(O, S-dimethyl N-acetyl phosphoroamidothioate) in the laboratory. The selected aphid strain in the 20th generation demonstrated relatively high resistance to acephate as well as relatively high cross-resistance to cypermethrin and oxydemeton-methyl, except pirimicarb. The different esterase isozymes with the strains were detected by the agarose gel electrophoresis and among the isozymes the band of ${\beta}-2$ was only specific for the acephate resistant strains.

솔잎혹파리의 약제방제에 관한 연구 VI. 입제형 침투성 살충제의 근계주변 토중처리효과

최승윤,박형만,정부근,Choi Seung-Yoon,Park Hyung-Man,Chung Bu-Ken 한국응용곤충학회 1982 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.21 No.3

본 시험은 침투성 살충제의 적송 근계주변 토중처리에 의한 솔잎혹파리의 방제효과를 검토하여 유교 살충제의 선발, 나아가 현행 근계주변 토중처리 방법을 성력적인 처리방법으로 개선하기 위하여 실시하였다. Aldicarb$(Temik^{(R)}\;15G)$, Carbofuran$(Curaterr^{(R)}\;3G)$, Disulfoton$(Disyston^{(R)}\;5G)$를 고시, 흉고직후 cm 당 5g(유효성분량)을 근계주변원형처리(6월 25일)하여 솔잎 혹파리의 방제효과를 검토하였다. $Curaterre^{(R)},\;Temik^{(R)}$ 처리는 솥잎혹파리의 방제효과가 우수하였으나 Disyston 처리의 방제효과는 낮은 편이었다. 난, 무처리에서 건전엽률, 피해흔적엽율은 각각 $49.9\%,\;16.4\%,\;33.7\%$인데 비하여 $(Temik^{(R)}$ 처리에서는 그들이 각각 $27.9\%,\;65.4\%,\;6.7\%$이었고 $Curaterr^{(R)}$ 처리에서는 각각 $64.8\%,\;23.7\%,\;1.5\%$이었으며 $Disystone^{(R)}$ 처리에서는 각각 $49.6\%,6.3\%,\;24.1\%$ 이었다. 처리방법 개선을 위한 시험에서는 $Temik^{(R)}$ 공시, 균고직경 cm 당 5g(유교성분량)을 6월 2일에 점식구 처리 (Pit treatment), 방사상식고랑처리(Radical furrow treatment), 근계주변 원형식고랑처리(Circle furrow treatment)로 나누어 실시하였다. 점식구멍처리에서는 구멍수의 증가에 따라 충영엽율이 낮었으며 방사상식고랑처리는 고랑수에 따른 충영엽율에 현저한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 현행 근계주변 원형식고랑처리는 점식 3구멍처리와 대등한 솔잎혹파리의 방제효과가 있었다. 결론으로 $Temik^{(R)}$과 $Curaterr^{(R)}$의 토중처리효과는 대등하여 $Temik^{(R)}$의 대체 가능하다고 보며 $Temik^{(R)}$의 점식 3구멍 처리방법을 도입함으로서 토중처리에 소요되는 노동력을 크게 절감할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The insecticides aldicarb$(Temik^{(R)}\;15G)$, carbofuran$(Curaterr^{(R)}\;3G)$, and disulfoton$(Disyston^{(R)}\;5G)$ were evaluated in the field for the control of the pine gall midges(Thecodiplosis joponensis Uchida et Inouye) at rate of 5 a.i.g/cm dbh using the method of circle-furrow treatment(ca. loom in furrow depth), apart 50cm Iron the trunk of the pine trees. In addition, for improving the application method of granular insecticides the effects of conventional circle-furrow treatment were compared with those of pit treatments and radical-furrow treatments. A single root-zone treatment of aldicarb and carbofuran i the pine trees was significanlty effective for the pressure of the gall incidence by the insects. Control effectiveness in three-pit treatment was identical with those in conventional circle-furrow treatment. The pit treatment compared with the circle-furrow and radical furrow treatments would be a further feasible method in saving labor cost.

입제의 수면처리에 의한 주요수도해충의 동시방제

최승윤,배상희,송유한,Choi Seung Yoon,Bae Sang Hee,Song Yoo Han 한국응용곤충학회 1970 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 시험은 유기인계 살충제인 Terracur P입제 및 Lebaycid 입제와 유기염소계 살충제인 상감마입제$(\gamma-BHC 입제)$를 수면시용 하였을때 수도요해충인 이화명충, 끝 동매미충, 애멸구 및 흰둥멸구에 대한 동시방제가능성과 방제적기를 구명하고 약제간의 방제효과를 비교코저 실시하였다. 얻어진 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 약제처리후 부화직후 이화명충 접종 시험에 있어서 상감마와 Terracur P는 높은 살충율을 보였으나 Lebaycid의 살충율은 낮았다. 約 $50\%$ 살충력 잔효일수에 있어서 상감마는 8-14日이었고 Terracur P는 6일간이었다. 2) 당초 계획된 방제적기에 관한 정보는 얻을 수 없었다. 즉 주어진 일간격이 좁아 유의한 차를 얻을 수 없었다. 3) 1,2화기 이화명충에 대한 방제효과는 Terracur P=상감마>Lebaycid의 순이었다. 4) Terracur P와 Lebaycid 입제의 처리는 끝동매미충의 방제효과가 좋았으나 상감마$(\gamma-BHC 입제)$의 방제효과는 기대할 수 없었다. 끝동매미충에 대한 Terracur P와 Lebaycid입제의 잔효력은 30일 이상이었다. 5) 애멸구와 흰등별구에 대한 시험은 충의 서식밀도가 낮기 때문에 약제간 방제효과를 얻을 수 없었다. 6) 공시약제중 Terracur P와 Lebaycidd입제는 이화명충과 끌동매미충의 동시방제제로서 사용할 수 있을 것 같다. This experiment was conducted to find out the simultaneous control effect of granulated insecticides on the several major rice insect pests in Korea. The granulated insecticides used were Terracur P$5\%$ (one of the phosphoric insecticides), Lebaycid $5\%$, and Sang-gamma (gamma-BHC) $6\%$. Those insecticides were broadcasted by hand on the paddy field at the ratio of 3kg. in June and 4kg. in August per 10 a, and the date of insecticidal application was based on the maximum moth occurrence of the rice stem borer in 1969. The rice insect pests tested in this study were rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis W.), green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix bipunctatus cincticeps U.), smiller brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus F.), and white back planthopper (Sogotella furcifera H.). For the study of residual effectiveness of the insecticides, the rice stem borer larvae just hatched from the eggs were installed on the sheath of rice plants collected from the paddy field after insecticidal treatment, and the mortality was made at 48 hours after installation. High mortality was observed in Terracur P and Sang-gamma treatments and low mortality in Lebaycid treatment. The duration of residual effects giving about 50% mortality was about 14 days in Sang-gamma and about 6 days in Terracur P treatments. The study on the effectiveness of the insecticides to the rice stem borer in the paddy field was made by the number of dead blades and white heads of the rice plants injured by the larvae, and the number of survival larvae in the straws after crop harvest. The order of insecticidal effectiveness to the rice stem borer was Terracur P=Sang-gamm>Lebaycid. The study on the effectiveness of the insecticides to the leafhoppers and planthoppers in the paddy field was made by the population density by sweeping (5 times) at the given day intervals after treatments. Terracur P was highly effective for the control of the green rice leafhoppers and Lebaycid was moderately effective, but Sang-gamma seemed not to be effective. The effectiveness of the insecticides tested to the planthoppers was not clear, and it seemed to related with the low insect population density. Study on the determination of proper timing of insecticidal application was not also made clear, and it seemed to be short in the range of day intervals in the insecticidal application. For the study on the control effects of the rice insect pests, rice yield per 100 hills per plot was observed. There was no statistically significant difference among the treatments in rice yields, but the order of yield (Terracur P>Sang-gamma>Lebaycid>Control) was paralleled with the tends of control effects above mentioned. In a view point of simultaneous control of the rice stem borers and green rice leafhoppers by the application of granulated insecticides, Terracur P and Lebaycid were more effective than Sang-gamma which have been used.

솔잎혹파리의 약제방제에 관한 연구 VII. 침투성 살충제의 수간주입방법 개선에 관한 연구

최승윤,박형만,정부근,Choi Seung-Yoon,Park Hyung-Man,Chung Bu-Ken 한국응용곤충학회 1982 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.21 No.4

본 시험은 Omethoate (Folimat) 외 6종의 침투성 살충제를 공시하여 수간주입에 의한 솔잎혹파리의 방제효과를 검토하는 한편 관행 Drilltlr 수간주입방법을 보다 성력적인 방향으로 개량코자 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Phosalone$(Rubitox^{(35)}\;EC)$을 제외한 Omethoate $(Folimat^{(R)}\;50\;EC)$, Vamidothion (Kilval 40 EC), Methamidophos $(Tamaron^{(R)}\;60\;SL)$, Phosphamidon $(Dimecron6{(R)}\;50\;EC)$, Monocrotophos $(Nuvacron^{(R)}\;24\;EC)$ 및 Dimethoate $(Roger^{(R)}\;50\;EC)$의 수간주입은 솔잎혹파리의 방제효과가 비교적 우수하였다. 2. 관행 Drill 식 수간주입과 개량 Mauget식 수간주입간에는 그 효과발현에 차이가 없었다. 3. 관행 Drill식 수간주입에서 주입공의 상처회복율은 $14\%$인데 비하여 개량 Mauget식 수간주입에서는 $100\%$ 완전 회복되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 개량 Mauget식을 도입하므로서 보다 성력적인 수간주입에 의한 솔잎혹파리의 방제가 가능하다고 본다. Using the two different trunk-implantation methods, the systemic insecticides omethoate $(Folimat^{(R)}\;50\;EC)$, vamidothion $(Kilval^{(R)}\;40\;EC)$, methamidophos $(Tamaron^{(R)}\;60\;SL)$, phosphamidon $(Dimecron^{(R)}\;50\;EC)$, monocrorotophos $(Nuvacron^{(R)}\;24\;EC)$, dimethoate $(Rogor^{(R)}\;50\;EC)$, and phosalone$(Rubitox^{(R)})$ were evaluated for the control of the pine gall midges(Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye). Except phosalone, all the insecticides tested in this experiment were very effective for the suppression of the gall incidence by the insects. There was no significant difference in effectiveness between the conventional drilling and improved Mauget methods, and trunk-implantation of the insecticides by the improved Mauget method seemed to be much more feasible in practical view points of the labor cost saving the recovery of the holes drilled.

침투성살충제의 파종용 처리의 대두해충방제효과

최승윤,이형래,Choi Seung Yoon,Lee Hyung Rea 한국응용곤충학회 1977 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.16 No.1

침투성살충제 Curaterr(Carbofuran), Cytrolane(Mephosfolan), Disyston(Disulfoton) 립제의 대두 파종용 처리효과를 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 공시약제 모두 대두의 입묘에 영향을 주었는데 Carbofuran 4.6mg, 9.2mg(유효성분량) 처리를 제외하고는 Carbofuran 13.8mg 처리를 포함한 Mephosfolan, Disulfoton 처리에서 비교적 낮은 입묘유를 보였다. 2. Carbofuran과 Mephosfolan은 초기의 콩잎에 약해가 비교적 심하였으나 Disulfoton은 약해가 거의 나타나지 않았다. Carbofuran과 Mephosfolan 처리에서는 자엽과 제일본엽에 갈색내지 흑갈색 반점 또는 엽록을 따라 갈색엽소징색이 나타났으며 Disulfoton은 엽선에 약간의 위축징상이 보였다. 그리고 약량의 증가에 따라 약해가 증대하였다. 3. 공시약제 모두 어느 약량에서나 약 3개월에 걸쳐 콩진딧물의 방제효과가 좋았으며 약량이 높아짐에 따라 방제효과가 더욱 좋은 경향을 보였다. 4. 약제처리구에서 두점박이응애의 밀도가 낮어 방제효과를 인정할 수 있었다. 특히 Mephosfolan과 Disulfoton은 처리약량의 증가에 따라 방제효과가 증대하였으며 Disulfoton의 용당 13.8mg(a.i) 처리는 약제처리 82일까지 계속 응애의 밀도가 가장 낮었다. 5. 콩나바아에 의한 콩의 초해율은 처리, 무처리 또는 약량간에 차이가 없었으며 수량에 있어서도 그들 사이에 차이가 없었다. 6. 이상의 결과로 보아 공시약제의 대두 파종용 일회처리로서는 콩진딧물과 두점박이응애의 방제는 가능하나 콩나방의 방제는 어려운 것으로 나타났다. The systemic insecticides carbofuran $(Curaterr\; 3\%\; G)$ mephosfolan $(Cytrolane\; 2\%\; G)$ and disulfoton$(Disyston\; 5\%\; G)$ were evaluated in the field for conrol of some insects on soybeans when the insecticides were applied in seeding-pits at the rates of 4.6, 9.2 and 13.8 mg(a.i)/pit at the planting time. Control of the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) and the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus telarius(L.)) on soybeans was obtained for about 2 to 3 months, but their treatments were ineffective against the soybean moth (Grapholitha glycinivorella Matsumura). For the control of aphids and mites, disulfoton was better than carbofuran and mephosfolan. The insecticides slightly reduced the soybean stands, while the low-dose treatments of carbofuran slightly increased the stands. Carbofuran and mephosfolan caused severe phytotoxicity at the early stages, but disulfoton showed slight or negligible phytotoxicity. The phytotoxic symptoms in carbofuran and mephosfolan treatments were shelving the large number of brown or black-brown spots on the cotyledon and the first-leaves, and in addition to that showing necrosis along the leaf-margin. The symptoms in disulfoton treatments were slight withering along the leaf-margin of the first-leaves. In spite of good control of aphids and mites, there were no differences in soybean yield.

이화명충에 대한 수도통일품종의 저항성

최승윤,Choi Seung Yoon Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1975 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.14 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluated the nature of the variety Tongil(Suweon 213-1) in resistance to the striped rice borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker, comparing with those of Rexoro(susceptible check) and TKM-6(resistant check) selected at IRRI. 1. The striped rice borer moths much more preferred the variety Tongil for oviposition than the varieties Rexoro and TKM-6. The variety Tongil and more egg masses and number of eggs than the varieties Rexoro and TKM-6, while TKM-6 having more egg masses and more number of eggs than Rexoro. This reaction was consistent throughout the test regardless of the number of tillers per hill. 2. In laboratory, preference of larvae for feeding was studied with 5cm of stem pieces of the varieties. The results showed, in contrast to the case of ovipositional preference, that the striped rice borer larvae least preferred the stems of Tongil among the test varieties, while larvae much more preferred the stems of Rexoro than those of TKM-6. 3. The larval weights at 20 days later infested on the 40 day-old plants were the lowest on Tongil among the test varieties. On the variety Rexoro the larvae had heavier body weights(43.0mg), higher pupation(64.9%) and higher adult emergence(83.3%) than those on Tongil(larval weights 30.3mg, pupation 60%, adult emergence 60.7%) and TKM-6(larval weights 35.7mg, pupation 56.3%, adult emergence 51.9%). The pupal weights, however, were not consistent among the test varieties and/or sexes in comparison with the larval weights, pupation and adult emergence above mentioned. 4. Field experiments indicated that the incidence of dead hearts at 70 days after transplanting was relatively higher on the variety Tongil(11.1%) than those on Rexoro(8.9%) and TKM-6(8.4%), and the incidence of white heads at harvest was, in contrast to the dead hearts, lower on Tongil(9.8%) than those on Rexoro(27.4%) and TKM-6(13.9%). At harvest lower larval survival observed on Tongil (49 larvae/40 hills) than those on the susceptible variety Rexoro(104 larvae/40 hills) and on the resistant variety TKM-6(70 larvae/40 hills). The average larval weights collected from three test varieties at harvest were 80.5mg from Tongil, 83.7mg from TKM-6 and 99.6mg from Rexoro. 5. Increased nitrogen fertilizer application to the variety Tongil, the striped rice borer damage was increased. Also, preference of larvae for feeding significantly increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application. 6. Any specific association between the plant characters and striped rice borer resistance could not be found. The variety Tongil even having large number of tillers, short plant height, large stem, broad leaf, etc, had still high preference of moths for oviposition, low preference of larvae for feeding, low damage, and relatively high antibiosis. 7. Resistance of the variety Tongil to the striped rice borers seemed to be associated with the low feeding preference and the relatively high antibiosis, not associated directly with the ovipositional preference.

복숭아꽃에서의 꿀벌방화의 日週活動에 관한 研究(Ⅰ)

최승윤(Seung Yoon Choi) 한국양봉학회 1987 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.2 No.1

배꽃에서의 꿀벌 訪花의 日週活動에 관한 研究(Ⅰ)

최승윤(Seung Yoon Choi) 한국양봉학회 1987 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.2 No.1

사과꽃에서의 꿀벌방화의 日週活動에 관한 研究(Ⅰ)

최승윤(Seung Yoon Choi) 한국양봉학회 1987 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.2 No.1