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잉크젯 프린팅된 은(Ag) 박막의 등온 열처리에 따른 미세조직과 전기 비저항 특성 평가
최수홍,정정규,김인영,정현철,정재우,주영창,Choi, Soo-Hong,Jung, Jung-Kyu,Kim, In-Young,Jung, Hyun-Chul,Joung, Jae-Woo,Joo, Young-Chang 한국재료학회 2007 한국재료학회지 Vol.17 No.9
Interest in use of ink-jet printing for pattern-on-demand fabrication of metal interconnects without complicated and wasteful etching process has been on rapid increase. However, ink-jet printing is a wet process and needs an additional thermal treatment such as an annealing process. Since a metal ink is a suspension containing metal nanoparticles and organic capping molecules to prevent aggregation of them, the microstructure of an ink-jet printed metal interconnect 'as dried' can be characterized as a stack of loosely packed nanoparticles. Therefore, during being treated thermally, an inkjet-printed interconnect is likely to evolve a characteristic microstructure, different from that of the conventionally vacuum-deposited metal films. Microstructure characteristics can significantly affect the corresponding electrical and mechanical properties. The characteristics of change in microstructure and electrical resistivity of inkjet-printed silver (Ag) films when annealed isothermally at a temperature between 170 and $240^{\circ}C$ were analyzed. The change in electrical resistivity was described using the first-order exponential decay kinetics. The corresponding activation energy of 0.44 eV was explained in terms of a thermally-activated mechanism, i.e., migration of point defects such as vacancy-oxygen pairs, rather than microstructure evolution such as grain growth or change in porosity.
단 채널 GaAs MESFET의 속도 포화영역에서 2차원 전위 도출을 위한 해석적 모델
오영해(Young-Hae Oh),장은성(Eun-Sung Jang),양진석(Jin-Seok Yang),최수홍(Soo-Hong Choi),갈진하(Jin-Ha Kal),한원진(Won-Jin Han),홍순석(Sun-Suck Hong) 대한전자공학회 2008 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.45 No.11
본 논문에서는 단 채널 GaAs MESFET의 포화영역에서의 I-V 특성을 도출하기 위한 해석적 모델을 제안하였다. 기존의 단 채널 GaAs MESFET에 대한 해석이 채널 pinch-off의 개념이 도입되는 모델이었던 반면, 본 논문에서는 전자의 속도 포화영역이 유한한 채널 폭을 갖으면서 전류 연속 조건을 만족하도록 공핍영역의 2차원 전위 분포 식을 도출하였다. 또한 속도 포화영역의 길이를 채널 전체 길이, 채널 도핑 농도, 게이트 전압 및 드레인 전압의 함수로 도출하여 포화영역에서의 Early 효과를 보다 합리적으로 설명할 수 있음을 보이고 있다. In this paper, we suggest an analytical model that can derive the I-V characteristics in the saturation region of a short channel GaAs MESFET. Instead of the pinch-off concept that has been used in the conventional models, we can derive the two-dimensional potential in the depletion region in order that the velocity saturation region cannot be pinched-off and the current continuity condition can be satisfied. Obtained expression for the velocity saturation length is expressed in terms of the total channel length, channel doping density, gate voltage, and drain voltage. Compared with the conventional channel length shortening models, the present model seems to be considerably accurate and more reasonable in explaining the Early effect.
최수홍 대한마취과학회 1969 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.2 No.1
In rabbits: (1) Intravenous atropine in the dose of 0.002-0.004 mg/kg caused bradycardia, whereas in that exceeding 0.02 mg/kg tachycardia. Transient but alarming degrees of tachycardia could be observed when 2 mg/kg dose was employed. (2) While Arfonad was being infused, the heart rate changed little regardless of the doses of atropine used. (3) During Arfonad drip, changes in heart rate seemed fairly well correlated with the degree of hypotension, i.e., magnitude of ganglionic blookade. (4) The above findings suggest that, at least in rabbits, small dose atropine-induced cardiac slowing is due to the inhibitory action of atropine on the sympathetic ganglia. This cannot, however, be directly applied to human physiology because of the possible species difference in the regulatory mechanisms of heart rate.
Propranolol 및 MJ 1999 가 저체온심실세동에 미치는 영향
최수홍 대한마취과학회 1974 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.7 No.1
Profound hypothermia (15°C) was induced in 36 mogrel dogs anesthetized with nitrous oxide-oxygen-d-tubocurarine. Prcpranolol (0.3 mg/kg) or MJ 1999(0.8 mg/kg) was administered intravenously 10 minutes prior to the start of cooling. Significant protection against ventricular fibrillation was provided by MJ 1999, but not by propranolol. With available evidence that hypothermia causes increased catecholamine release and that MJ 1999 is more specific in its beta-adrenergic blocking prcperties than propranolol, the authers findings suggest that ventricular fibrillation during hypothermia is due to beta-adrenergic hyperactivity.
Hdroxyethyl Starch(HES)가 혈액응고에 미치는 영향
신광일,김광우,김용락,곽일용,최수홍,장호단 대한마취과학회 1973 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.6 No.1
To determine the effects of hydrcxyethyl starch upon liver, kidney, serm electrolytes and particularly upon blood coagulation, 500 ml of 6% HES in saline solution was administered intravenously to 15 patients during elective minor surgery. In all cases weighted blood loss was less than 600 ml without replacement. The following laboratory tests were performed immediately before infusion and again 1 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after the infusion: RBC, WBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, ESR, platelet, bleeding time, coagulation time, prothrombin time, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, sodium, potassium, and chloride. The results are as follows: 1) No anaphylactic shock or bleeding tendency characteristic of colloids was encountered. 2) No functional disturbance of liver or kidney directly attributable to HES was identified. 3) All laboratory parameters except WBC and ESR decreased after infusion. The decrease was, however, within the normal range and believed secondary to dilational effect of infusion. WBC increased somewhat, but returned to the preinfusion level in a week. 4) Exceptionally erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased notably during the 24 hour period following infusion. As with dextran, this was interpreted not due to direct effect of HES, but due to increased adsorption of fibrinogen, α-β-γ-glcbulin to red cell surface with changes in electric charge between red cells. 5) Clinical applicability, metabolic aspect, degree of subtitution of hydroxyethyl group and safety with multiple infusion of HES must be carefully determined.
N2O-O2 Halothane 마취중 Reserpine 투여견에서 각종 Sympatomimetic Amines 의 혈압상승효과에 관한 실험적 연구
신광일,김광우,김용락,곽일용,최수홍 대한마취과학회 1972 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.5 No.2
Vasopressor effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, ephedrine, phenylephrine, methoxamine and of mephentermine were compared in resrpinized dogs with or without nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane anesthesia. The results are as follows: (1) Epinephrine and norepinephrine were shown to have the most potent pressor effect in reserpinized and nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane-anesthetized dogs. Phenylephrine, methoxamine, mephen-termine and ephedrine were less potent in decreasing order. (2) Decrease in mean arterial pressure was less marked in dogs reserpinized and anesthetized with nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane than in reserpinized but unanesthetized dogs. (3) It revealed that nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane anesthesia potentiated the vasopressor effects of the sympathomimetic amines studied. Nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane anesthesia is implicated to exert an sympathomimetic effect.