부산지역 설사환자에서 분리한 MRSA 균주의 다양성 분석

최성화(Seong Hwa Choi),박은희(Eun Hee Park),박연경(Yon Koung Park),김정아(Joung A Kim),김남호(Nam Ho Kim),이영숙(Young Suk Lee),빈재훈(Jae Hun Bin),박호국(Ho Kuk Park) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.8

부산 지역 5개 2차 종합병원 설사환자 변에서 유래한 메치실린 내성 황색포도상구균(MRSA)에 대한 연구 결과, 분리된 황색포도상구균 142주 중 총 49주(34.5%)가 MRSA인 것으로 확인되었으며, 황색포도상구균 중 MRSA 분리율이 '04, '05, '06년에 걸쳐 각각 30.0%, 32.7%, 46.7%인 것으로 나타나, 지속적으로 증가하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. MRSA 균주의 항균제 내성 양상은 75.5%가 10종 이상의 항균제에 내성을 나타내었으며, 특히 11종 항균제에 대한 다제 내성균이 가장 많은 것으로 확인되었다. MRSA주의 장독소 유전자 시험을 실시한 결과 51%가 장독소 유전자를 가지고 있지 않았고, 30.6%가 독소유전자 A를 가지고 있었으며 그 밖에 C (8.3%), B (4.1%) 순이었다. MRSA 총 49주에 대해 PFGE를 수행하여 dendrogram을 작성한 결과, 크게 7개의 그룹으로 구분되었으며, 부산지역전체에 뚜렷하게 동일한 균주의 유행은 확인 할 수 없었으나, 종합병원 내에 소규모의 MRSA 유행은 있을 것으로 사료 되었다. We investigated the molecular epidemiological characteristic of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from stool samples in Busan from 2004 to 2006. Among 142 isolates of S. aureus, 49 isolates (34.5%) were confirmed as MRSA. With the antimicrobial susceptibility tests, 37 isolates (75.5%) showed multiple resistance to more than 10 antibiotics, but all isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. All of MRSA had enterotoxin A in 30.6%, B 4.1%, C 8.3%, D, C/G, A 2.0% and None 51%. PFGE of SmaⅠ-digested chromosomal DNA was performed on 49 sporadic MRSA isolates. Restriction fragment patterns consisted of 8 to 14 fragments ranged in size from 48.5 to 630.5 kbp. We could divided the isolates into 7 groups (Ⅰ~Ⅶ) by analyzing PFGE patterns. Group I subdivided as 2 subgroups and 17 (34.7%) strains belong to the group Ⅰ. Dendrogram of PFGE patterns showed that MRSA strains in Busan were heterogeneous but we could find out minor homogeneity in hospital.

부산 공단지역 PM-10, PM-2.5 중 유해중금속 농도분포 및 위해성 평가 - 사상공단을 중심으로 -

최성화 ( Seong-hwa Choi ),최성우 ( Seong-woo Choi ),김동영 ( Dong-yeong Kim ),차영욱 ( Young-wook Cha ),박승우 ( Seung-woo Park ),이서이 ( Seo-i Lee ),유은철 ( Eun-chulyoo ) 한국환경분석학회 2021 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.24 No.3

We investigated the distribution of hazardous heavy metals (As, Cr⁶⁺, Ni, Cd, Pb, and Mn) and estimated the health risk related to the heavy metals in fine dust (PM-10 and PM-2.5) of Sasang industrial complex, Busan, Korea. The concentration of fine dust in the industrial complex was 1.2 times higher than in a residential area, while harmful heavy metals showed a difference of at least 1.3 times (Cd) and up to 6.5 times (Ni). The concentration of fine dust and carcinogenic heavy metals in the industrial complex increased significantly compared to the residential area in spring (March to May) and winter (December to February) months. A risk assessment was performed using Monte-Carlo simulations containing a four-step procedure. During hazard identification, As, Cr⁶⁺ Ni, Cd, and Pb were categorized as human carcinogens and probable human carcinogens and evaluated for their levels of excess cancer risk. For concentrations of over 90% Cr⁶⁺and As, the excess cancer risk was over 10^-5 (1 person per 100,000). The non-cancer hazard index of As, Cr⁶⁺, Cd, and Mn was below the limit value of 1.

심층 신경망과 서포트 벡터 머신을 이용한 고속 화자 인식에 관한 연구

이경준(Lee Kyung June),이성민(Lee Seong Min),최성화(Choi Seong Hwa),이준규(Lee Jun Kyu),이상훈(Lee Sang Hoon) 한국통신학회 2019 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.1

부산지역에서 유행한 계절인플루엔자바이러스의 유전자 특성 및 계통분석(’06~’08 절기)

Yon-Koung Park(박연경),Nam-Ho Kim(김남호),Seung-Hwa Choi(최성화),Mi-Oak Lee(이미옥),Sang-Kee Min(민상기),Seong-Joon Kim(김성준),Kyung-Soon Cho(조경순),Young-Nan Na(나영란) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.3

2006년 10월부터 2008년 6월까지 총 인플루엔자 의사 환자 1,822건의 인후도찰물 및 비인후도찰물에서 277건의 인플루엔자바이러스를 분리했다. 절기별로는 2006~2007 절기의 1,154검체 중 52건(4.5%), 2007~2008절기의 668검체 중 210건(31.4%)에서 인플루엔자바이러스를 분리하였다. 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H1N1의 HA 유전자의 경우, 2008~2009 절기의 백신주인 A/Brisbane/59/2007과는 96.7%~97.7%, A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 96.5%~97.3%, A/New Caledonia/20/99와는 95.6%~96.6%의 유사성을 나타냈으며, NA 유전자의 경우, A/Brisbane/59/2007과는 97.8%~98.5%, A/Solomon Islands/3/2006과는 96.7%~97.6%, A/New Caledonia/20/99와는 96.8%~97.7%의 유사성을 보여 2008~2009절기의 백신주인 A/Brisbane/59/07과 가장 유사성이 컸다. 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H3N2의 분리주 중 1주를 제외한 모든 분리주가 HA 유전자에서 2008~2009 절기 백신주인 A/Brisbane/10/2007과는 98.4%~99.7%의 유사성을 보였고, A/Wisconsin/67/2005와는 96.5%~97.5%의 유사성을 보였으며, NA 유전자에서는 A/Brisbane/10/2007과는 98.9%~99.4%, A/Wisconsin/67/2005와는 98.0%~98.6%, A/California/7/2004와는 98.3%~98.9%의 유사성을 보였다. 인플루엔자바이러스 B의 HA 유전자의 경우는 2주를 제외하고는 2008~2009 절기의 백신주인 B/Florida/4/2006과는 96.5%~99.7%의 유사성을 보였으며, B/Malaysia/2506/2004와는 86.7%~87.7%의 유사성을 보여 B/Florida/4/2006과의 유사성이 크게 나타났다. NA 유전자의 경우는 reassortant분리주가 96.7%와 97.3%의 유사성을 나타내는 것을 제외하고는 B/Florida/4/2006에 98.9%~100%의 유사성을 나타냈으며, 분리주 유행시기의 백신주인 B/Malaysia/2506/2004와는 94.5%~96.7%의 유사성을 나타내어 2008~2009 절기의 백신주와 더 큰 유사성을 보였다. HA 유전자에서는 conserverd receptor binding site는 아미노산의 치환 없이 모든 분리주에서 잘 보존되어 있었으며, N-linked glycosylation site도 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H1 1주, A/H3 1주를 제외하고는 모두 같은 수의 N-linked glycosylation sites를 가졌으며, 인플루엔자바이러스 B의 경우는 2008~2009 절기의 백신주보다 1개가 많은 4개의 N-linked glycosylation sites를 가지고 있었다. Antigenic sites의 경우는 인플루엔자바이러스 A/H1의 Sb의 3개의 아미노산에서 백신주들과 다른 아미노산을 가지고 있으며, A/H3에서는 A, B, E 부위에서는 아미노산의 변화가 나타났고, C, D 부위에서는 변화가 없었다. 인플루엔자바이러스 B의 4개의 분리주에서는 150 loop와 160 loop에서 B/Florida/4/2006과 비교하여 1개의 아미노산에서 치환이 나타났으며, 190 helix에서 모든 분리주가 B/Florida/4/2006과 비교하여 1개의 아미노산에서 치환이 나타났다. To monitor newly emerged influenza virus variants and to investigate the prevalence pattern, our laboratory performed isolation of the viruses from surveillance sentinel hospitals. In the present study, we analysed influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B viruses isolated in Busan during the 2006/07 and 2007/08 seasons by sequence analysis of the hemagglutinin (HA1 subunit) and neuraminidase (NA) genes. The isolates studied here were selected by the stratified random sample method from a total of 277 isolates, in which 15 were A/H1N1, 16 were A/H3N2 and 29 were B. Based on the phylogenetic tree, the HA1 gene showed that A/H1N1 isolates had a 96.7% to 97.7% homology with the A/Brisbane/59/2007, A/H3N2 isolates had a 98.4% to 99.7% homology with the A/Brisbane/10/2007, and B isolates had a 96.5% to 99.7% homology with the B/Florida/4/2006(Yamagata lineage), which are all the vaccine strains for the Northern Hemisphere in 2008~2009 season. In the case of the NA gene, A/H1N1 isolates had 97.8% to 98.5% homologies, A/H3N2 isolates had 98.9% to 99.4% homologies, and B isolates had 98.9% to 100% homologies with each vaccine strain in the 2008~2009 season, respectively. Characterization of the hemagglutinin gene revealed that amino acids at the receptor-binding site and N-linked glycosylation site were highly conserved. These results provide useful information for the control of influenza viruses in Busan and for a better understanding of vaccine strain selection.

부산지역 유흥업소 종사여성으로부터 분리된 HPV16형의 발암유전자(E6/E7) 돌연변이 유형 분석

민상기(Sang-Kee Min),김성순(Sung Soon Kim),최병선(Byeong-Sun Choi),장대호(Dai-Ho Jang),이미옥(Mee-Ok Lee),최성화(Seung-Hwa Choi),김남호(Nam-Ho Kim),박연경(Yon-Koung Park),정영아(Yeong-A Jeong),김성준(Seong-Joon Kim),빈재훈(Jae-Hun Bi 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.6

HPV-16형의 염기배열 변이는 지역적, 인종적으로 특징적인 차이가 있으며 특히 HPV-16형 E6/E7 유전자의 특정 염기서열변이는 자궁경부암 및 자궁상피내 신생종양물의 발생을 일으키는 고위험 요인으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 2007년 부산지역 유흥업소 종사여성으로 분리된 HPV-16형 19건을 대상으로 E6/E7 유전자 영역(nt 34-880)을 표적으로 지역적 염기서열 변이를 조사하였다. nucleotide 수준에서 HPV16형 E6 유전자는 T178G (n=11), T178A (n=1), T350G (n=4), A442C (n=2), A104T, A111G, C116T, G145T, T183G, C335T, G522C 등 11종의 변이주가 발견되었고, E7 유전자는 A647G (n=12), A645C, A777C, G663A, T732C, T760C, A775T, T789C, T795G 등 9종의 변이주가 발견되었다. 아미노산 수준에서는 HPV-16형 E6 단백질의 경우 D25E (n=12), L83V (n=4), E113D (n=2), M1L, Q3R, P5S, Q14H, D25N, I27R, H78Y, C140S 등 11종의 변이주를, HPV16형 E7 단백질의 경우 N29S (n=12), L28F, T72S 등 3종의 변이주를 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과, 부산지역의 HPV-16형 E6/E7 우점 돌연변이주는 E6 D25E (75%), E7 N29S (78%)로 각각 나타났다. 앞으로 자궁경부암 환자 및 일반여성을 포함한 더 많은 모집단을 대상으로 HPV-16형 E6/E7의 intratypic variants를 비교 조사하여 실제 HPV-16형 E6/E7 어떤 변이주가 자궁경부암 유발 위험성과의 관련성은 더 많이 연구되어져야 할 것으로 사료된다. Recent studies have reported that the distribution of HPV-16 sequence variation differs geographically, and more specifically that HPV-16 E6/E7 intratypic variants might carry a high risk for development of ICC (invasive cervical cancer) and CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) in a given population. To investigate the genetic diversities of HPV-16 E6/E7 oncogene by region, we collected nineteen HPV-16 isolates from sexually high-risk women in Busan, and analyzed the HPV-16 E6/E7 coding regions (nt 34 to 880) with HPV-16 E6/E7 specific PCR amplification. At the nucleotide level, eleven variants of the E6 genes and nine variants of the E7 genes were identified as follows: E6 T178G (n=11), E6 T178A (n=1), E6 T350G (n=3), E6 A442C (n=2), E6 A104T, E6 A111G, E6 C116T, E6 G145T, E6 T183G, E6 C335T, E6 G522C and E7 A647G (n=12), E7 A645C, E7 A777C, E7 G663A, E7 T732C, E7 T760C, E7 A775T, E7 T789C and E7 T795G, respectively. At the amino acid level, the isolated HPV-16 E6 and E7 genes showed eleven E6 variants: E6 D25E (n=12), E6 L83V (n=4), E6 E113D (n=2), E6 M1L, E6 Q3R, E6 P5S, E6 Q14H, E6 D25N, E6 I27R, E6 H78Y, E6 C140S and three E7 variants: N29S (n=12), L28F, T72S. HPV16 E6 L83V, the dominant variant in the Caucasian population, showed relatively low frequencies in our study population. We elucidated that the dominant HPV-16 E6/E7 variants were HPV-16 E6 D25E (63.2%) and HPV-16 E7 N29S (63.2%), which were phylogenetically included in Asian lineage. Further study is needed to evaluate the risk of cervical cancer related HPV-16 E6/E7 intratypic variants in the Korean population.

축산농가 인근 강우유출수 처리습지의 장기운영에 따른 수질변화 및 처리성능 변동 특성

김영윤(Young Ryun Kim),정직영(Jik Young Jung),임정혁(Jung Hyuk Im),이석모(Suk Mo Lee),최성화(Seong Hwa Choi),손민호(Min Ho Son) 한국생태공학회 2016 한국생태공학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Water quality data acquired from 80 monitoring cases for last 9 years were analyzed to identify characteristics of variation on the treatment performance at the stormwater wetland. The surrounding areas of the wetland were mainly used for livestock pen and mechanic factories paved with permeable materials. Annual precipitation was in the range of 96 and 131 days with the highest values observed in 2014. Daily precipitation which was recorded less than 30 mm was 97 times, accounting for 85%, and 251 days as the annual interevent time. Suspended solids (SS) concentrations on an annual basis were increased for the first 3 years after wetland was constructed and then maintained its trend at some degrees. The concentrations of COD and TOC were also demonstrated similar patterns to the case of SS till 2011, and then decreased. As for TN, TP, the concentration of N and P in dissolved phases were increased which was not the case for the particulate phase showing decreasing pattern, and this finding could be attributed to the loading activities of livestock waste waters. Results of water quality variation caused by precipitation size were turned out that analyzed constituents were increased in the range below 60 mm but decreased above 60 mm except phosphorous, which could be explained by the flushing effect. Treatment performance during interevent period to deal with SS, COD, TN and TP on an annual basis was turned out with values of 31.9(± 26.3)%, 16.4(± 8.3)%, 33.8(± 20.6)% and 34.1(± 23.4)%. It was observed that annual performance was varied depending on the interevent period, precipitation size and input loads. In addition, it is critical to understand that the treatment performance was decreased as amounts of nutrient loadings were increased, which was also caused by the expansion of livestock pens and limited storage capacity from increased deposition of sediment. In order to improve treatment performance of wetland, it is worthwhile of noticing two points: 1) increasing storage capacity by maintaining dredging facilities properly and 2) reducing input loads with an aid of strict regulations. Also, an alternative strategy to improve treatment capacity could be wetland expansion.