Estimates of genetic variability and heritability of the important characters in crosses of winter and spring wheats triticum aestivum l. em thell

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢) 한국육종학회 1984 한국육종학회지 Vol.16 No.3

The estimates of genetic variability and heritability for traits influencing earliness and grain yield in crosses of winter and spring wheat cultivars were compared to provide information to plant breeders. More genetic variability was observed for the traits measured in segregating populations resulting from crosses between winter and spring type wheats in contrast to spring × spring or winter × winter crosses. The one exception was plant height where more genetic variability resulted from spring × spring crosses. Narrow sense heritability estimates were high for time and duration of heading, anthesis, grain filling and physiological maturity and for plant height. Smaller values were noted for rate of grain filling, kernel number, harvest index, tiller number, kernel weight, whole plant dry weight and grain yield. Estimates of the coefficient of heritability and the parent-offspring correlation coefficient were similar in magnitude except for the traits grain yield, tiller number, kernel weight and whole plant dry weight where large variations due to the environment were encountered.

메밀 遺傳資源의 播種期에 대한 反應에 따른 生態型 分類

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢),Keun Yong Park(朴根龍),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1996 한국육종학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Worldwide genetic resources of buckwheat have been collected and evaluated for their flowering, seed set, agronomic traits and grain yield at Suwon, Korea from 1988 to 1993. Most of South Korea landraces belonged to fall buckwheat, and flowered without matured seeds in spring planting. Thus the genetic resources were classified into two groups of summer and fall type buckwheats. In general, summer type buckwheats produced more grain yield than fall type buckwheat when planted in early spring. Fall type buckwheats produced grain only in mid or late July planting. The optimum planting season for summer type buckwheats was mid April resulting in doubling the grain yields of fall type buckwheats. The direct effects of flowering time, stem length and branch number on grain yield were positive, but the direct effects of emergence time, lodging and node number on grain yield were negative. Particularly, positive direct-effect of fertility degree of buckwheat plant on grain yield was the highest being 0.84 to 0.95, and demonstrating the greatest direct-effect for higher grain yield and with branch number per plant.

農作物의 耐病性 品種 育種戰略과 遺傳子型의 效率的인 管理方法

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢) 한국육종학회 1992 한국육종학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Agronomic crops disease control through genetic resistance, which is one of the most important biological control measures, has become the least expensive, easiest, safest, and most effective control measure available to today farmers while maintaining the balance of our nature. Thus historical understanding of crop breeding for disease resistance and the nature of gene-for-gene relationship for disease resistance and susceptibility were outlined to suggest and encourage plant breeders to develop superior varieties and hybrids of higher resistance and yield. Wise genotype management for controlling plant disease epidemics was suggested to minimize the epidemics of plant diseases and losses from their endemics while maximizing the action of antagonists.

東亞細亞 메밀 遺傳資源 現況-1991

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢) 한국육종학회 1992 한국육종학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Buckwheat is a very important food crop and belongs to the polygonaceae family. The diversity of buckwheat genetic resources is centered in East Asia. Thus the IBPGR workshop on buckwheat genetic resources in East Asia was held at the National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 18~20 September, 1991. The participants to the workshop and the representatives from China, India, Japan, DPR Korea, Republic of Korea, Mongolia and Nepal presented the 1991 status of buckwheat genetic resources in their countries. The specific objectives of the 1991 workshop were to exchange information on collection, characterization, documentation, conservation, evaluation and utilization of buckwheat genetic resources in East Asia and neighbouring areas, and to discuss possibilities to enhance cooperation among national programmes in East Asia. And the long term objective of the workshop was to promote international cooperation and collaboration among buckwheat genetic resources scientists and institutions. The current status of buckwheat genetic resources in East Asian countries was outlined in this paper.

眞珠조ㆍ옥수수ㆍ수수類 飼料作物의 靑酸含量의 變異

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢),Young Hee Son(朴根龍),Keun Yong Park(孫永姬) 한국육종학회 1991 한국육종학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Spectrophotometric assay method was used to determine the hydrocyanic acid content(HCN) in pearl millet, maize, sorghum and sorghum/sudangrass hybrid. Uniform samples for the comparison of widely divergent genotypes of the crops examined were obtained using the third leaf of the young green seedlings grown on the bed of green house. HCN was extracted and hydrolysed by autoclaving the young leaf tissue in water. The HCN content in the aqueous extract was determined by spectrophotometric assay in alkaline solution at 330nm. The mean hydrocyanic acid potential(HCN-p) values for the crop’s genotypes assayed for HCN content by this technique were very low in pearl millet and maize as compared with sorghum and sorghum/sudangrass hybrid. The mean HCN-p values of the fresh leaves were 0.06216ppm in pearl millet, 0.06816ppm in maize, 0.16776ppm in sorghum, and 0.11740ppm in sorghum/sudangrass hybrid.

Associations among the important characters measured in crosses of winter and spring wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum L. em thell)

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢),크론스타드(Warren E. Kronstad) 한국육종학회 1985 한국육종학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The time, duration and rate of grain filling and physiological maturity were recognized as important in determining earliness and grain yield of wheats. High coefficients of determination for grain yield and whole plant dry weight also suggested possible high response of source to sink in crosses of winter and spring wheat cultivars. From the direct and indirect associations of grain yield, it would appear that a shorter duration of grain filling along with a shorter lag period from heading to anthesis are important for higher rates of grain filling if negative associations between earliness and grain yield are to be avoided.

밀 登熟期間의 種實 硬度와 蛋白質含量 變化

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢),Warren E. Kronstad 한국육종학회 1992 한국육종학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Wheat grain is consumed after a some type of milling followed by cooking. The type and quality of products obtained from wheat grains depend on the type and quality of the grain used and its processing. The major objective of the study was to investigate the changes of grain hardness and protein content during the grain-filling period of ten winter wheat cultivars. Significant differences among the cultivars were observed for time, duration and rate of heading, flowering, grain filling and physiological maturity, and for grain yield and yield components. Yamhill, JD/JB/GB and Shi 3311 belonged to soft grain wheat cultivars, Bolal, Centurk, Shi 4468, and Peking 15 belonged to hard grain wheat cultivars, and with intermediate-hard grains of Hyslop, Kavkaz and Peking 8. In general, grain hardness increased from early grain-filling stage to physiological maturity, while grain protein content decreased from maximum content at early grain-filling stage to minimum content at physiological maturity. Yamhill, Bolal, Centurk, Shi 3311, Peking 15 maintained nearly constant content of grain protein from physiological maturity to harvesting time. However, Hyslop, JD/JB/GB, Kavkaz, Shi 4468 presented decreasing trend of grain protein content after physiological maturity until harvesting time. Thus, the most desirable cultivars were Yamhill with soft grains and Centurk with hard grains because of their stabilized constant content of grain protein after physiological maturity.

제1부 잡초 분야 : Acid Amide 제초제 처리와 메밀의 잡초방제 효과

최병한(Byung Han Choi),김성국(Sung Kuk Kim),송득영(Deuk Young Song) 한국잡초학회 1993 한국잡초학회 별책(학술대회 초록집) Vol.13 No.1

眞珠조의 雄性不稔 및 稔性自殖系統間 交雜에서 主要形質들이 靑刈收量에 미치는 直接 및 間接效果

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢),Keun Yong Park(朴根龍),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.2

It is important to decide what traits should be considered in selecting parental lines for crosses between cytoplasmic, genic male sterile seed parents and fertile pollen parents for higher green fodder yield of newly developed hybrids of pearl millet. The objective of the study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of the important traits on green fodder yield and their associations in crosses of cytoplasmic, genic male sterile seed parents and fertile pollen parents. Consistent positive direct effects on green fodder yield were detected for culm and plant height and tillers per plant. Black streaked dwarf virus incidence appeared to have negative direct influence in determining green fodder yield. Particularly in saline soil, seedling emergence rate and plant height had the most significant positive influence on green fodder yield. The indirect effects of heading date was high and positive via plant height and seedling emergence rate. High coefficients of determination for green fodder yield with plant height and culm length were also detected in crosses of cytoplasmic, genic male sterile seed parents and fertile pollen parents.

메밀 在來種 集團들의 開花特性 및 收量性

Byung Han Choi(崔炳漢),Keun Yong Park(朴根龍),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1990 한국육종학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) has been a popular favorite food crop in Korea for a long time. Ninety five Korean landrace populations were planted on July 29, 1988 and August 3, 1989 and evaluated their flowering characteristics and kernel productivity in Suwon. The initial flowering date was August 25 with mean flowering date of August 30, and mean maturing date was October 6, 1988. The range of the landrace populations was 12 to 14 days for flowering date, and only four days for maturing date. The mean perccntage of pin type flower plant was 49.3% being reached near the theoretical percentage. For kernel productivity, the pin type produced 12.3g per plant and the thrum type 13.3g per plant. The mean kernel yield of the populations was 12.8g per plant. The best landrace population produced 28g per plant being 1,800kg per hectare. The coefficient of variation was 0.3%, 0.5% for flowering and maturing dates respectively, 21.6% for pin type plant percentage, and 52.6-54.9% for kernel yield per plant. Thus it would be expected to develop superior cultivars with higher kernel productivity.