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가변각막보정 주사레이져편광측정기를 이용한 국소 시야 결손을 가지는 녹내장 환자의 진단
조현수,성민철,국문석,Hyun-Soo Cho,M,D,Min-Cheol Seong,M,D,Michael S,Kook,M,D 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.9
Purpose: To evaluate the ability of scanning laser polarimetry parameters and a novel deviation-map algorithm to discriminate between healthy and early glaucomatous eyes with localized visual field defects confined in one hemifield. Methods: In this prospective case-controlled study, 61 glaucomatous eyes with localized visual field defects and 66 normal controls were enrolled. Humphrey field analyzer 24-2 glaucoma hemifield test and scanning laser polarimetry (GDx-VCC?) were used. Results: There were significant differences in the mean parametric values of TSNIT average, superior average, inferior average, and TSNIT SD (P<0.05) between the glaucoma group and normal subjects. The sensitivity of each GDx-VCC variable was as follows: TSNIT average, 47.5%; superior average, 31.1%; inferior average, 47.5%; and TSNIT SD, 24.6% (when abnormal was defined as P<0.05). The overall sensitivities combining each probability scale and severity score at 80%, 90%, and 95% specificity were 90.2%, 72.1%, and 59%, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between the GDx-VCC severity score and the visual field severity score (P<0.05). Conclusions: GDx-VCC parameters may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect glaucomatous patients with localized visual field damage. Our algorithm using the GDx-VCC deviation map may enhance the understanding of GDx-VCC in terms of the locality, deviation size, and severity of localized RNFL defects in eyes with localized visual field loss.
성인에서 안정시 적정 심장박동수 및 심장박동수에 영향을 미치는 인자
조현수 ( Hyun Soo Cho ),신동구 ( Dong Gu Shin ),배준호 ( Jun Ho Bae ),손장원 ( Jang Won Sohn ),홍그루 ( Geu Ru Hong ),박종선 ( Jong Sun Park ),김영조 ( Young Jo Kim ),심봉섭 ( Bong Sup Shim ),김형준 ( Hyung Jun Kim ) 대한내과학회 2007 대한내과학회지 Vol.72 No.2
목적: 안정시 심장박동수나 운동 후의 심장박동수의 회복 능력은 심혈관 및 관상동맥 질환 사망률의 중요한 예측인자 중의 하나이지만 일반인들의 건강에 대한 지표로 사용할 수 있는 이상적인 심장박동수에 대한 연구는 거의 없었다. 그래서 이 연구에서는 임상적인 검사에서 심혈관계나 전신 질환의 병력이나 증거가 없고 대사증후군의 어떠한 인자도 없는 건강 성인의 심장박동수를 이상적인 심장박동수로 정의하고 값을 구하기로 하였다. 방법: 총 20,162명의 건진센터를 방문한 무증상 성인을 대상으로 하여 정확한 병력 청취, 이학적 검사 및 검사실 검사 등을 포함한 세밀한 임상적 조사를 시행하였고, 공복 후 아침 30초간의 평균 심장박동수를 측정한 결과 대사 증후군의 인자가 한 가지도 없는 군이 7,823명이었고, 대사 증후군 환자들은 935명이었으며 10,492명이 대사 증후군 인자를 한 가지 이상 가지고 있었다. 결과: 심장박동수는 여자에서 더 빨랐으며 안정시 심장박동수는 남자가 분당 59.9±8.2회였고, 여자가 분당 63.7±8.5회였다. 건강 성인에서 심장박동수와 나이는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 대사 증후군 환자에서 건강 성인보다 심장박동수는 의미있게 높았으며, 대사 증후군 인자의 개수와 심박동수는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 수축기 혈압, 공복시 혈당, 당화 혈색소, 중성지방, γGTP, 요산 그리고 CRP 등이 심장박동수와 의미있는 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 우리는 이 연구에서 새로 건강 성인에서의 안정시 적정 심장박동수를 구하였고, 위험인자로서 심장박동수의 역할을 명확히 하기 위해서는 더 많은 추가적인 연구가 필요하다. Background: The resting heart rate (HR) or HR recovery after exercise is one of the important predictors of cardiovascular disease mortality. However, few studies have addressed the ideal range of the HR. We sought to define the normal HR of healthy adults who have no evidence of cardiovascular or systemic illness, and none of the component of metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: We analyzed a total of 20,162 asymptomatic adults, who were referred for a general health evaluation. All participants underwent careful clinical evaluation, including a detailed history, physical examination and laboratory workup. The mean HR for 30 seconds in the morning after an overnight fast was obtained. There were 7,823 subjects who were free of any component of MS. There were 935 MS patients, and 10,492 patients had ≥1 component of MS. Results: The HR was faster in women. The resting HR of healthy men was 59.9±8.2 bpm, and that of healthy women was 63.7±8.5 bpm. There was significant correlation between the HR and the age of healthy adults (r=-0.008, p<0.001). The mean resting HR was higher in the MS patients than that of their healthy counterparts (67.4±10.6 bpm vs 62.0±8.6 bpm, respectively, p=0.000). A significant gradual increase of HR was observed as the numbers of MS component increased (r=0.127, p<0.001). The systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, triglyceride, γGTP, uric acid and CRP were significantly correlated with HR. Conclusions: We herein newly define the optimal HR in a healthy adult population. Follow-up study is needed to clarify the role of HR as a risk stratifier. (Korean J Med 72:172-180, 2007)
대형할인점 입지에 따른 지역상권의 성장과정분석- 평택시 사례를 중심으로 -
조현수 ( Cho Hyun Soo ),정혜정 ( Joung Hae Joung ) 한국부동산학회 2004 不動産學報 Vol.22 No.-
1. CONTENTS ⑴ RESEARCH OBJECTIVES This study is about how the first location and additional location of large-scale discount stores affect development of regional market area, with case study of Pyongtaek city. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This includes data analysis and surveys from both consumers and wholesale or retail storekeepers. AH OVA, T-Test. (3) RESEARCH RESULTS The conclusion in this study is first that the introduction of large-scale discount stores induces an employment effect - the growth of the number of employees - in the number of employees side although it causes the incredibly decrease of the number of wholesale stores in a local area. Especially, it turns out it has an great effect on the decrease of other whole sales and of the number of employees in household electric appliances. Second, it causes the quite decrease of the number of retail markets in a correspondence area and the new regional market area newly formed centering around large-scale discount stores affects the increase of foodstuffs’ retail stores and of the number of retail employees of its own introduction. Third, it has a decrease effect on monthly mean sales amount to retail stores of traditional market and the crisis of traditional market brings the traditional markets reestablished and modernized. Forth, the first location and additional location of large-scale discount stores causes the competition against each other, and then the large-scale discount store lost in a contest would come to a crisis of bankruptcy. Lastly, it turns out the increase state of convenience outlets and the decrease state of retail stores. 2.RESULTS Along with this event the expansion, mainly in size, of distribution enterprises resulted in change of consumption (buying) pattern and increase in consumer expenditure scale; yet it also caused drastic decrease in consumption activity at large-scale department stores, supermarkets, the traditional market and its neighboring wholesale and retail stores, all of which had been the core of the existing market area. In consequence these began to fall On the other hand the newly introduced large-scale discount stores, rivaling with each other, created competition and accelerated changing the regional market area. Meanwhile the existing traditional market, supermarkets, wholesale and retail stores re-established and modernized themselves, overcoming this crisis. How the regional market area is settling into the new environment.