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김상용(Sangyong Kim),양정목(Jeongmok Yang),조진구(Jin Ku Cho),이도훈(Dohoon Lee) 한국청정기술학회 2008 청정기술 Vol.14 No.4
최근 주요 선진국을 중심으로 환경규제가 전면적으로 확대되어가고 있다. 특히 작년 발효된 REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) 제도의 경우 우리나라의 주요 수출품이 모두 규제 대상 물품이 될 수 있기 때문에 환경규제에 대한 대응이 미흡할 경우 수출중심의 우리나라 경제에 결정적인 타격이 예상 된다. 그러므로 본고에서는 산업경쟁력 유지 및 지속가능성의 확보를 위한 기반을 마련하고자 REACH에 대한 전반적인 이해와 더불어 최근 REACH의 준비 및 현황에 대해 조사하였으며, 현재 기업 및 정부대응의 문제점을 짚어보고 REACH 관련 전문가들의 수렴된 의견을 통해 정책을 제언하고자 하였다. In recent years, the extensive expansion of environmental regulations is led by advanced countries. In particular, REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) effective from 2007 issues a serious threat to export-dependent Korean economy because the principal exports of Korea may infringe upon the regulation. Here, we introduce a general comprehension and current situation of REACH in order to cope with possible crisis caused by REACH. Furthermore, we indicate a trouble in counter-plan prepared by companies and government and wish to suggest appropriate measures on the basis of experts opinions.
복합 막분리 공정에 의한 섬유가공 공정에서의 가성소다 회수
양정목(Jeong Mok Yang),박철환(Chul Hwan Park),조진구(Jin Ku Cho),김상용(Sang Yong Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2008 대한환경공학회지 Vol.30 No.12
본 연구에서는 섬유가공공정 중 머서화공정으로부터 가성소다액를 회수하기 위한 최적의 운전조건을 확립하고자 하였다. 주요 인자들로는 NF/RO막의 적용을 위해 세라믹 막을 이용하여 파울링 지수를 평가, 고분자 막의 적용을 위해 가성소다액의 회수율을 측정, 막의 재생율 향상, 화학세정 조건, 유기물부하, 탁도 및 색도의 최적 제거조건, 그리고 세라믹 막과 고분자막의 복합공정에서의 투과플럭스를 조사하였다. 결과에 따르면, 1단계 공정의 세라믹 한외여과막과 2단계 공정의 나노여과막은 총부유고형물, 잔류유기물, 색도를 포함한 탁도의 제거 그리고 가성소다 용액의 회수에 적합한 공정구성임을 확인하였다. 한외여과막만을 단독으로 사용했을 경우, 총 부유물질과 탁도를 99.0%이상 제거하였고, 색도와 TOC는 각각 74.7%와 49.2%의 제거효율을 얻을 수 있었다. 반면에 세라믹 UF+NF 복합막 공정에서는 총 부유물질과 탁도를 99.9%이상 제거할 수 있었고, 색도는 87.7%, TOC는 78.2%의 제거효율을 얻을 수 있었다. 특히, 복합막 공정에서는 83.7%의 부피회수율일 때 91.3% 가성소다를 성공적으로 회수 할 수 있었다. 이러한 측면에서 복합공정을 통해 가성소다 폐수로부터 순도 높은 가성소다액을 회수할 수 있었으며, 회수된 가성소다액은 공정 내에 재사용이 가능하여 경제적인 이득을 기대할 수 있다. This study sought to establish the optimum operating condition for the recovery of caustic (NaOH) solution from mercerization in textile process. As main factors, the silt density index (SDI) evaluation of ceramic membrane for the application of nanofiltration/reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membrane, the recovery yield measurement of caustic solution for the application of polymeric membrane, the optimum condition of chemical cleaning for the membrane regeneration, the optimum removal condition of total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, color, and the permeate flux of ceramic membrane/polymeric membrane combined process were investigated. As results, ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) in the first step and nanofiltration (NF) in the second step were found to be suitable for the removal of total suspended solid (TSS), residual organics, turbidity including color, and the recovery of caustic solution from caustic wastewater stream in mercerization process. When only the ceramic UF membrane was used, the rejection efficiency of both of TSS and turbidity was more than 99.0%, and the color and TOC were rejected about 74.7% and 49.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the combined membrane precess of UF and NF membranes showed even more efficient removal abilities and thus more than 99.9% of TSS and turbidity, 87.7% of color, and 78.2% of TOC were removed. In particular, 91.3% of NaOH was successfully recovered with 83.7% of total volume in the combined membrane process. With this regard, a clean caustic solution was obtained in a high purity, which can be reused for mercerization process, expecting to offer economical benefits.
거대해조류 유래 갈락탄을 이용한 HMF의 합성에 관한 연구
김보라 ( Bo Ra Kim ),정재원 ( Jae Won Jeong ),조재훈 ( Jae Hoon Cho ),이도훈 ( Do Hoon Lee ),김상용 ( Sang Yong Kim ),조진구 ( Jin Ku Cho ) 한국공업화학회 2010 응용화학 Vol.14 No.2
Among renewable and sustainable feedstock to replace fossil-based resources, marine biomass, macroalgae can be preferably considered due to several reasons: First, they contain an abundance of carbohydrate sources that are readily separated from the original feedstock. Second they are naturally well-grown thus multiple cropping is possible. Third, their cultivation techniques have been historically solidly established. Finally, it is known that their CO(2) remediation effect is much higher than that of landplants. Agar is a major carbohydrate source in macroalgae and it possesses around 70 wt%. In this study, we tried to directly transform agar into 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) without saccharification step. In order to find best catalytic reaction conditions such as metal catalysts, solvents, acidity, time, temperature, high throughput screening was extensively performed. A range of metal catalysts were screened and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium(EMIM) salt, so called ionic liquid and aprotic polar DMSO were tested as solvents. When RuCl3 was used as a metal catalyst, 6.4 g/L of HMF could be obtained from 10 wt% agar solution.
고정화된 이온성 액체에 의한 바이오매스의 5-히드록시메틸푸르푸랄로의 효율적인 화학적 변환
최정우 ( Jung Woo Choi ),이윤식 ( Yoon Sik Lee ),조진구 ( Jin Ku Cho ),윤효진 ( Hyo Jin Yoon ) 한국공업화학회 2010 응용화학 Vol.14 No.1
Utilizing renewable biomass is becoming important part of strategy to lower the total emissions of CO2. Abundant biomass resources can be transformed into sustainable valuable chemical intermediates for the production of plastics, fine chemicals, and fuels. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) has already been considered as one of the valuable platform chemical intermediates. Herein, we prepared various types of ionic liquids (ILs) immobilized polymer catalysts for dehydration of fructose to 5-HMF. Ionic liquids have not only attracted as environment-friendly reaction medium, but also contributed efficient catalytic performance by combination of various anions and cations. Among the ionic liquid catalysts investigated, sulfonate functionalized butylimidazolium immobilized polymer catalyst showed the best catalytic activity and gave good yield of product.